Grain Size and Wettability of TiO_2/SiO_2 Photocatalytic Composite Thin Filing

The uniform transparent TiO2/SiO2 photocatalytic composite thin films are prepared by sol-gel method on the soda lime glass substrates, and characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET surface area, FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was found that the addition of SiO2 to TiO2 thin films can suppress the grain growth of TiO2 crystal, increase the hydroxyl content on the surface of TiO2 films, lower the contact angle for water on TiO, films and enhance the hydrophilic property of TiO2 films. The super-hydrophilic TiO2/SiO2 photocatalytic composite thin films with the contact angle of 0((o) under bar) are obtained by the addition of 10%-20% SiO2 in mole fraction.

A phase inversion based sponge-like polysulfonamide/SiO_2 composite separator for high performance lithium-ion batteries

In this work,a sponge-like polysulfonamide(PSA)/SiO_2 composite membrane is unprecedentedly prepared by the phase inversion method,and successfully demonstrated as a novel separator of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Compared to the commercial polypropylene(PP) separator,the sponge-like PSA/SiO_2 composite possesses better physical and electrochemical properties,such as higher porosity,ionic conductivity,thermal stability and flame retarding ability.The LiCoO_2/Li half-cells using the sponge-like composite separator demonstrate superior rate capability and cyclability over those using the commercial PP separator.Moreover,the sponge-like composite separator can ensure the normal operation of LiCoO_2/Li half-cell at an extremely high temperature of 90 °C,while the commercial PP separator cannot.All these encouraging results suggest that this phase inversion based sponge-like PSA/SiO_2 composite separator is really a promising separator for high performance LIBs.

Preparation of hollow B–SiO2@TiO2 composites and their photocatalytic performances for degradation of ammonia-nitrogen and green algae in aqueous solution

Hollow B–SiO2@TiO2 composites were prepared by the wet chemical deposition method starting from TiCl4 and hollow B–SiO2 microspheres.TiO2 layers composed of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles were coated on the surfaces of the hollow B–SiO2 microspheres probably through the formation of Ti—O—Si and Ti—O—B bonds.A great number of—OH groups were also present at the TiO2 coating layers.The presence of Ti—O—Si bonds and Ti—O—B bonds resulted in the formation of defects in the TiO2 coating layers,which decreased the band gap of the TiO2 coating layers to ca.3.0 eV and endowed the TiO2 coating layers with visible light absorption performance.The buoyancy hollow B–SiO2@TiO2 composites exhibited high photocatalytic activities for the degradation of ammonia-nitrogen and green algae.The conversion of ammonia-nitrogen reached 65%when the degradation of ammonia-nitrogen(43 mg·L-1 at pH value of 8)was catalyzed by the B–SiO2@TiO2(100:10)composite under the simulated solar light irradiation at 35°C for 660 min.The green algae(5 mg·L-1)were almost completely degraded over the B–SiO@TiO2(100:20)photocatalyst under the visible light irradiation at 35°C for 510 min.

Preparation of Supermacroporous Composite Cryogel Embedded with SiO_2 Nanoparticles

Supermacroporous composite cryogels embedded with SiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by radical cryogenic copolymerization of the reactive monomer mixture of acrylamide（AAm） and N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide（MBAAm） containing SiO2 nanoparticles（mass ratios of nanoparticles to the monomer AAm from 0.01 to 0.08） under the freezing-temperature variation condition in glass columns.The properties of these composite cryogels were measured.The height equivalent to theoretical plate（HETP） of the cryogel beds at different liquid flow rates was determined by residence time distribution（RTD） using tracer pulse-response method.The composite cryogel matrix embedded with the mass fraction of SiO2 nanoparticles of 0.02 presented the best properties and was employed in the following graft polymerization.Chromatographic process of lysozyme in the composite cryogel grafted with 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid（AMPSA） was carried out to evaluate the protein breakthrough and elution characteristics.The chromatography can be carried out at relatively high superficial velocity,i.e.,15 cm·min-1,indicating the satisfactory mechanical strength due to the embedded nanoparticles.

Effect of catalyst on structure of(PEO)_8LiClO_4-SiO_2 composite polymer electrolyte films

(PEO)8LiClO4-SiO2 composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)were prepared by in-situ reaction,in which ethyl-orthosilicate(TEOS)was catalyzed by HCl and NH3.H2O,respectively.The ionic conductivity,the contact angle and the morphology of inorganic particles in the CPEs were investigated by AC impedance spectra,contact angle method and TEM.The conductivities of acid-catalyzed CPE and alkali-catalyzed CPE are 2.2×10-5and 1.1×10-5S/cm respectively at 30℃.The results imply that the catalyst plays an important role in the structure of in-situ preparation of SiO2,and influences the surface energy and conductivity of CPE films directly.Meanwhile,the ionic conductivity is related to the surface energy.

Fabrication and characterization of SiO_(2(f))/Si)_3N_4 composites

A silicon dioxide fiber-reinforced silicon nitride matrix （SiOJSi3N4） composite used for radomes was prepared by chemical vapor infiltration （CVI） process using the SiCl4-NH3-H2 system. The effects of the process conditions, including infiltration temperature, infiltration time, and gas flux were investigated. The energy dispersion spectra （EDS） result showed that the main elements of this composite contained Si, N, and O. The X-ray diffraction （XRD） results indicated that phases of the composite before and after treatment at 1350℃ were all amorphous. A little fiber pull-out was observed on the cross section of the composite by scan electron microscope （SEM）. As a result, the composite exhibited good thermal stability, but an appropriate interface was necessary between the fiber and the matrix.

The effects of radiation damage on power VDMOS devices with composite SiO_2-Si_3N_4 films

Total dose effects and single event effects on radiation-hardened power vertical double-diffusion metal oxide semiconductor（VDMOS） devices with composite SiO2-Si3N4 film gates are investigated.The relationships among the important electrical parameters of the samples with different thickness SiO2-Si3N4 films,such as threshold voltage,breakdown voltage,and on-state resistance in accumulated dose,are discussed.The total dose experiment results show that the breakdown voltage and the on-state resistance barely change with the accumulated dose.However,the relationships between the threshold voltages of the samples and the accumulated dose are more complex,and not only positively drift,but also negatively drift.At the end of the total dose experiment,we select the group of samples which have the smaller threshold voltage shift to carry out the single event effect studies.We find that the samples with appropriate thickness ratio SiO2-Si3N4 films have a good radiation-hardening ability.This method may be useful in solving both the SEGR and the total dose problems with the composite SiO2-Si3N4 films.

Nanoindentation Study on Mechanical Properties of Nano-SiO2/Dental Resin Composites

The micro/nano-scale indentation tests were performed to explore the performance of bisphenol-α-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA)/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) dental resin composites. The effect of the filling content of nano-SiO2 particles on the mechanical properties of the dental composites was studied as well. The experimental results showed that the incorporation of the nano-SiO2 particles at low concentrations (up to 10 wt.%) can apparently increase the hardness and elastic modulus of the dental rein composites. The plasticity index indicates a best elastic recovery capability at a proper amount (4 wt.%) of the nanoparticles. Combined with the infrared spectrum, the mechanical enhancement mechanisms of the dental resin composites were analyzed.

Fracture Mechanism of 3D, Five-directional Braided (SiO_2)_f /SiO_2 Composites Prepared by Silicasol-infiltration-sintering Method

Three-dimensional （3D） five-directional braided （SiO2）/SiO2 composites were prepared by silicasol-infiltration-sintering （SIS） method. The flexural properties and microstructures were studied. The flexural strength and flexural elastic modulus were found to be 73 MPa and 12 GPa, respectively. The results of stress vs deflection curve and SEM examinations revealed that the fracture mechanism of 3D, five-directional braided （SiO2）/SiO2 composite was a mixture mode of ductile and brittle. The ductile mode was attributed to the weak bonding strength of fiber/matrix at low temperature. The brittle fracture might be caused by the propagation of micro defect or crack, which existed in the as-prepared composites for the ten-cycle process.

Influence of heat treatment on microstructures and micro-hardness of n-SiO2/Ni composite coating

The n-SiO2/Ni composite electro-brush plating coating was prepared on the 1045 steel substrate. SEM and TEM were utilized to analyze the surface and cross-section morphologies or the microstructures of the composite coating before and after heat treatment, as well as a micro-hardness tester was used to measure the micro-hardness before and after heat treatment. The results show that the entrance of nano SiO2 particles into composite coating makes the micro-hardness higher. After heat treatment, due to the obstruction to growth of Ni crystals from nano particles, the composite coating still possesses a higher micro-hardness than that of common Ni-base coating.

The influence of ablation products on the ablation resistance of C/C-SiC composites and the growth mechanism of SiO_2 nanowires

Ablation under oxyacetylene torch with heat flux of 4186.8（10%kW/m2 for 20 s was performed to evaluate the ablation resistance of C/C-SiC composites fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration（CVI） combined with liquid silicon infiltration（LSI） process.The results indicated that C/C-SiC composites present a better ablation resistance than C/C composites without doped SiC.The doped SiC and the ablation products SiO2 derived from it play key roles in ablation process.Bulk quantities of SiO2 nanowires with diameter of 80 nm-150 nm and length of tens microns were observed on the surface of specimens after ablation.The growth mechanism of the SiO_2 nanowires was interpreted with a developed vapor-liquid-solid（VLS） driven by the temperature gradient.

Photocatalytic and Thermal Insulating Performances of Fiber Reinforced Hierarchical TiO_2/SiO_2 Xerogel Composites Synthesized by Ambient Drying Route

Silica( SiO_2) based aerogel/xerogel materials have been received ever-growing attentions for versatile applications. However,the widespread applications are narrowed by the inert properties,fragile and brittle natureof silica materials and cumbersome preparation processes. In this paper,titania( TiO_2) was introduced into SiO_2 matrix to form photocatalytic hybrid gels. The TiO_2/SiO_2 composites were then reinforced by the impregnation of various fibrillary reinforcements,such as glass,mullite mineral and ceramic fibers. The properties of the composites were studied systematically in terms of fiberstability,microstructure,chemical interaction and thermal conductivity. The final xerogel composites displayed improved monolithic geometry,satisfied thermal conductivity(0. 09-0. 25 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)) and optimized photocatalytic performance(85% removal of model pollutant of methyl orange( Mo)),which could be expected to be a feasible route to multi-functional building facades in the future.

Preparation of Al_2O_3-SiO_2-TiO_2-ZrO_2 Composite Ceramic Membranes by Sol-Gel Method

Al 2O 3-SiO 2-TiO 2-ZrO 2 supported membranes were prepar ed by Sol-Gel method. These composite ceramic membranes are level, even and no macro crack. There exist several crystalline phases such as Al 2O 3, TiO 2(a natase), Al 2SiO 5, and ZrO 2 in these membranes. Changing the molar ratio of Al∶Si∶Ti∶Zr,the kinds and content of crystal phases of composite membranes could be different, which may lead to a variety of microstructure of membranes. The surface nanoscale topography and microstructure of membranes were investiga ted by XRD,SEM,AFM,EPMA. The effects of additives and heat treatments on the sur face nanoscale topography and microstructure of composite ceramic membranes were also analyzed.

PET/纳米SiO_2复合材料的制备(Ⅱ):纳米SiO_2在PET中的分散性研究

研究了分散方法、纳米材料的加入体系、分散时间、分散剂的种类及SiO2 的加入量对纳米SiO2 在PET/纳米SiO2 中分散性的影响 ,用TEM对其分散情况进行表征 ,并对其分散机理进行探讨与研究。其结果表明 :采用球磨分散法并以氨基硅烷A1 1 2 0分散剂时分散效果最佳 ;当分散时间达 7 5h时 ,分散液中SiO2 基本以纳米尺寸存在 ;将分散液加入对苯二甲酸二甲酯熔体中并在球磨状态下进行酯交换SiO2 的分散效果最好 ,1 0 0nm以下的SiO2 达 95 0 7% ;体系中随SiO2 量的增加 ,其分散性变差 ,当纳米SiO2 的加入量为 1 %～ 4 %时 ,粒径在 1 0 0nm以下的SiO2 由 88%下降到 61 %。

Preparation and Characterization of Tetracomponent ZnO/SiO₂/SnO₂/TiO₂Composite Nanofibers by Electrospinning

[Zn(CH3COO)2 + PVP]/[C2H5O)4Si + PVP]/[SnCl4 + PVP]/[Ti(OC4H9)4 + CH3COOH + PVP] precursor composite fibers have been fabricated through self-made electrospinning equipment via electrospinning tech-nique. ZnO/SiO2/SnO2/TiO2 composite nanofibers were obtained by calcination of the relevant precursor composite fibers. The samples were characterized by thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). TG-DTA analysis reveals that solvents, organic compounds and inorganic in the precursor composite fibers are decomposed and volatilized totally, and the mass of the samples kept constant when sintering temperature was above 900?C, and the total mass loss percentage is 88%. XRD results show that the precursor composite fibers are amorphous in structure, and pure phase ZnO/SiO2/SnO2/TiO2 com-posite nanofibers are obtained by calcination of the relevant precursor composite fibers. FTIR analysis manifests that pure inorganic oxides are formed. SEM analysis indicates that the width of the precursor composite fibers is ca. 1.485 ± 0.043 μm. The width of the ZnO/SiO2/SnO2/TiO2 composite nanofibers is ca. 1145.098 ± 68.093 nm.

Applications of AuNRs@SiO₂Matrix Nanocomposites

Gold nanorods (AuNRs/GNR) have unique, controllable and anisotropic local surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties, which have been widely used in biochemistry, electronics and catalysis. It is of great value and significance to study the synthesis, properties, surface modification and structural regulation of AuNRs. This paper introduces AuNRs and AuNRs@SiO2. The synthesis of AuNRs@SiO2 composite nanomaterials with quantum dots, graphene, rare earth materials and magnetic materials is described. The applications of nanocomposites in optics, biomedicine and biosensors are also discussed. The future development of nanocomposites is proposed.

PET/纳米SiO_2复合材料的制备 I.纳米SiO_2在PET单体EG中的分散性研究

以 EG为分散介质 ,研究了分散方法 ,分散剂的种类 ,分散剂的浓度及分散时间对纳米 Si O2 在 EG中分散性的影响 ,用 TEM对其分散情况进行表征 ,并对其分散机理进行探讨与研究。其结果表明 ,不同的分散方法 ,不同种类的分散剂及不同的分散剂浓度 ,不同的分散时间对 Si O2 在 EG中的分散性有不同的影响。

PET-PEG-SiO_2杂聚功能化纳米复合体的制备与表征

首先对纳米SiO2进行活化,而后用聚乙二醇(PEG)包覆纳米SiO2得到PEG-SiO2复合体系,将其与低分子量PET(LMPET)发生共聚制备LMPET-PEG-SiO2纳米复合材料。经FT-IR,XPS,1H-NMR分析证明PEG成功地将LMPET与纳米SiO2在分子尺度上连接在一起。DSC分析表明,与PEG-SiO2链段共聚的LMPET的热性能变化很小,热结晶温度Tmc降低4℃,熔点Tm降低3℃。

PET/纳米SiO_2复合体系结晶性和SiO_2粒子分散性研究

将改性后的纳米SiO2加入单体EG中超声波分散,然后与TPA搅拌混合置入反应釜中,制备PET/纳米SiO2复合材料。研究了纳米SiO2的用量及其分散形式。用傅立叶红外、SEM分析和观察纳米SiO2在复合材料中的结构和形态,用示差扫描量热法(DSC)分析PET复合材料的结晶行为。结果表明,PET/SiO2复合材料中的纳米氧化硅已经融入到PET基体中。将纳米SiO2在EG中直接用超声波分散,再与TPA聚合得到的复合材料中纳米SiO2粒子存在严重团聚现象;而纳米SiO2和分散剂PEG同时加入EG后用超声波分散,再进行聚合可以明显提高其分散性。DSC分析表明,PET/SiO2复合材料体系的结晶放热峰的宽度增大。当SiO2的量不超过2%时,能够略微提高PET的结晶温度,使结晶过冷度和结晶速率减小;当SiO2含量为3%时,结晶速率常数增大。与非等温结晶动力学分析得到的结果相同。

溅射工艺参数对SiO_2/PET包装膜结合强度的影响

采用磁控溅射工艺制备了SiO2/PET包装膜,研究了射频功率、溅射时间、本底真空度和氩气流量等工艺参数对膜结合强度的影响。结果表明:随着射频功率、氩气流量的增大和溅射时间的增加,膜的结合强度均呈现出先增大后减小的变化趋势;本底真空度越高,薄膜的结合强度越大;所设的4个工艺参数中,溅射时间对薄膜结合强度的影响最大,射频功率次之,本底真空度和氩气流量的影响最小。