DSN-BR-Based Online Inspection Method and Application for Surface Defects of Pharmaceutical Products in Aluminum-Plastic Blister Packages

Ensuring high product quality is of paramount importance in pharmaceutical drug manufacturing,as it is subject to rigorous regulatory practices.This study presents a research focused on the development of an on-line detection method and system for identifying surface defects in pharmaceutical products packaged in aluminum-plastic blisters.Firstly,the aluminum-plastic blister packages exhibit multi-scale features and inter-class indistinction.To address this,the deep semantic network with boundary refinement(DSN-BR)model is proposed,which leverages semantic segmentation domain knowledge,to accurately segment the defects in pixel level.Additionally,a specialized image acquisition module that minimizes the impact of ambient light is established,ensuring high-quality image capture.Finally,the image acquisition module,image detection module,and data management module are designed to construct a comprehensive online surface defect detection system.To validate the effectiveness of our approach,we employ a real dataset for instance verification on the implemented system.The experimental results substantiate the outstanding performance of the DSN-BR,achieving the mean intersection over union(MIoU)of 90.5%.Furthermore,the proposed system achieves an inference speed of up to 14.12 f/s,while attaining an F1-Score of 98.25%.These results demonstrate that the system meets the actual needs of the enterprise and provides theoretical and methodological support for intelligent inspection of product surface quality.By standardizing the control process of pharmaceutical manufacturing and improving the management capability of the manufacturing process,our approach holds significant market application prospects.

Bisphenol A (BPA) Contamination in Whole Milk Marketed in Different Packages

Bisphenol A (BPA), an important endocrine disruptor, is used in the manufacturing of various materials, including food packaging. Ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs is, in fact, the most relevant form of exposure to this substance. However, scarce data on the presence of this contaminant in milk, or whether different types of food packaging influence food contamination are available in Brazil. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the BPA contamination of whole milk (fluid and powder) samples packaged in different types of packaging (Tetra Pak?;PET: Poly (ethylene terephthalate;Metallic can (epoxy resin);Polyethylene (PE) and poly (vinylidene chloride) (PVDC);Laminated Film - Metallized Polyester-Polyethylene and glass) and marketed metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. An analytical method for the BPA determination in milk was optimized for both fluid (pasteurized and ultra-high temperature) and powdered milk samples. A modified QuEChERS method was applied, and BPA determinations were conducted by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with sequential mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The validated method was then applied to 51 milk samples, where BPA was detected in five samples (9.8%) and quantified in two (3.8%).

A Novel Multiple DBC-staked units Package to Parallel More Chips for SiC Power Module

Silicon carbide(SiC) power modules play an essential role in the electric vehicle drive system. To improve their performance, reduce their size, and increase production efficiency, this paper proposes a multiple staked direct bonded copper(DBC) unit based power module packaging method to parallel more chips. This method utilizes mutual inductance cancellation effect to reduce parasitic inductance. Because the conduction area in the new package is doubled, the overall area of power module can be reduced. Entire power module is divided into smaller units to enhance manufacture yield, and improve design freedom. This paper provides a detailed design, analysis and fabrication procedure for the proposed package structure. Additionally, this paper offers several feasible solutions for the connection between power terminals and DBC untis. With the structure, 18dies were paralleled for each phase-leg in a econodual size power module. Both simulation and double pulse test results demonstrate that, compared to conventional layouts, the proposed package method has 74.8% smaller parasitic inductance and 34.9% lower footprint.

Product family modeling technology for customized cosmetic packaging design based on basic-element theory

Background:As the market demands change,SMEs(small and medium-sized enterprises)have long faced many design issues,including high costs,lengthy cycles,and insufficient innovation.These issues are especially noticeable in the domain of cosmetic packaging design.Objective:To explore innovative product family modeling methods and configuration design processes to improve the efficiency of enterprise cosmetic packaging design and develop the design for mass customization.Methods:To accomplish this objective,the basic-element theory has been introduced and applied to the design and development system of the product family.Results:By examining the mapping relationships between the demand domain,functional domain,technology domain,and structure domain,four interrelated models have been developed,including the demand model,functional model,technology model,and structure model.Together,these models form the mechanism and methodology of product family modeling,specifically for cosmetic packaging design.Through an analysis of a case study on men’s cosmetic packaging design,the feasibility of the proposed product family modeling technology has been demonstrated in terms of customized cosmetic packaging design,and the design efficiency has been enhanced.Conclusion:The product family modeling technology employs a formalized element as a module configuration design language,permeating throughout the entire development cycle of cosmetic packaging design,thus facilitating a structured and modularized configuration design process for the product family system.The application of the basic-element principle in product family modeling technology contributes to the enrichment of the research field surrounding cosmetic packaging product family configuration design,while also providing valuable methods and references for enterprises aiming to elevate the efficiency of cosmetic packaging design for the mass customization product model.

Modified Atmospheric Packaging and Its Effect on Postharvest Cannabis Quality

Cannabis sativa L. is used as fiber, food, and medicine in several countries. Though it is illegal for recreational use in most of the world, there are some countries that have legalized production and sale. There is a lot of research on production of cannabis, but less so on storage technologies. Cannabis contains several high value compounds, such as cannabinoids and terpenoids, that are susceptible to degradation via light, temperature, and oxygen. Several studies have explored temperature and light, and industry has adjusted accordingly. However, less is known about oxygen-induced degradation. Biochemical studies have demonstrated oxidative degradation of high value compounds, and many producers use some form of modified atmospheric packaging (MAP) for storage. However, the efficacy of MAP is unclear. The objective of this paper is to review our current understanding of MAP in postharvest cannabis storage and identify avenues where additional research is needed.

Sustainable, thermoplastic and hydrophobic coating from natural cellulose and cinnamon to fabricate eco-friendly catering packaging

Non-degradable polymers cause serious environmental pollution problem,such as the widely-used while unrecyclable coatings which significantly affect the overall degradation performance of products.It is imperative and attractive to develop biodegradable functional coatings.Herein,we proposed a novel strategy to successfully prepare biodegradable,thermoplastic and hydrophobic coatings with high transparence and biosafety by weakening the interchain interactions between cellulose chain.The natural cellulose and cinnamic acid were as raw materials.Via reducing the degree of polymerization(DP)of cellulose and regulating the degree of substitution(DS)of cinnamate moiety,the obtained cellulose cinnamate(CC)exhibited not only the thermalflow behavior but also good biodegradability,which solves the conflict between the thermoplasticity and biodegradability in cellulose-based materials.The glass transition temperature(T_(g))and thermalflow temperature(T_(f))of the CC could be adjusted in a range of 150–200℃ and 180–210℃,respectively.The CC with DS<1.2 and DP≤100 degraded more than 60%after an enzyme treatment for 7 days,and degraded more than 80%after a composting treatment for 42 days.Furthermore,CC had no toxicity to human epidermal cells even at a high concentration(0.5 mg mL^(-1)).In addition,CC could be easily fabricated into multifunctional coating with high hydrophobicity,thermal adhesion and high transparence.Therefore,after combining with cellophane and paperboard,CC coating with low DP and DS could be used to prepare fully-biodegradable heat-sealing packaging,art paper,paper cups,paper straws and food packaging boxes.

Multi-Component Resource Recycling from Waste Light-Emitting Diode Under Hydrothermal Condition:Plastic Package Degradation,Speciation of Nano-TiO_(2),and Environmental Impact Assessment

Light emitting diodes(LEDs)have accounted for most of the lighting market as the technology matures and costs continue to reduce.As a new type of e-waste,LED is a double-edged sword,as it contains not only precious and rare metals but also organic packaging materials.In previous studies,LED recycling focused on recovering precious and strategic metals while ignoring harmful substances such as organic packaging materials.Unlike crushing and other traditional methods,hydrothermal treatment can provide an environment-friendly process for decomposing packaging materials.This work developed a closed reaction vessel,where the degradation rate of plastic polyphthalamide(PPA)was close to 100%,with nano-TiO_(2)encapsulated in plastic PPA being efficiently recovered,while metals contained in LED were also recycled efficiently.Besides,the role of water in plastic PPA degradation that has been overlooked in current studies was explored and speculated in detail in this work.Environmental impact assessment revealed that the proposed recycling route for waste LED could significantly reduce the overall environmental impact compared to the currently published processes.Especially the developed method could reduce more than half the impact of global warming.Furthermore,this research provides a theoretical basis and a promising method for recycling other plastic-packaged e-waste devices,such as integrated circuits.

Synergism of Zinc Oxide/Organoclay-Loaded Poly(lactic acid) Hybrid Nanocomposite Plasticized by Triacetin for Sustainable Active Food Packaging

The synergistic effect of organoclay(OC)and zinc oxide(ZnO)nanoparticles on the crucial properties of poly(lactic acid)(PLA)nanocompositefilms was systematically investigated herein.After their incorporation into PLA via the solvent casting technique,the water vapor barrier property of the PLA/OC/ZnOfilm improved by a maximum of 86%compared to the neat PLAfilm without the deterioration of Young’s modulus or the tensile strength.Moreover,thefilm’s self-antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens,including gram-negative(Escherichia coli,E.coli)and gram-positive(Staphylococcus aureus,S.aureus)bacteria,was enhanced by a max-imum of approximately 98–99%compared to the neat PLAfilm.Furthermore,SEM images revealed the homo-geneous dispersion of both nano-fillers in the PLA matrix.However,the thermal stability of thefilm decreased slightly after the addition of the OC and ZnO.Thefilm exhibited notable light barrier properties in the UV-Vis range.Moreover,the incorporation of a suitable biodegradable plasticizer significantly decreased the Tg and notably enhanced theflexibility of the nanocompositefilm by increasing the elongation at break approxi-mately 1.5-fold compared to that of the neat PLAfilm.This contributes to its feasibility as an active food packa-ging material.

Analysis of quality-related proteins in golden pompano(Trachinotus ovatus)fillets with modified atmosphere packaging under superchilling storage

Here,we aimed to study the changes in proteome of golden pompano fillets during post-mortem storage.Tandem mass tags(TMT)-labeled quantitative proteomic strategy was applied to investigate the relationships between protein changes and quality characteristics of modified atmosphere packaging(MAP)fillets during superchilling(-3°C)storage.Scanning electron microscopy was used to show that the muscle histology microstructure of fillets was damaged to varying degrees,and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance was used to find that the immobilized water and free water in the muscle of fillets changed significantly.Total sulfhydryl content,TCA-soluble peptides and Ca2+-ATPase activity also showed that the fillet protein had a deterioration by oxidation and denaturation.The Fresh(FS),MAP,and air packaging(AP)groups were set.Total of 150 proteins were identified as differential abundant proteins(DAPs)in MAP/FS,while 209 DAPs were in AP/FS group.The KEGG pathway analysis indicated that most DAPs were involved in binding proteins and protein turnover.Correlation analysis found that 52 DAPs were correlated with quality traits.Among them,8 highly correlated DAPs are expected to be used as potential quality markers for protein oxidation and water-holding capacity.These results provide a further understanding of the muscle deterioration mechanism of packaging golden pompano fillets during superchilling.

Study on the Influence of Food Packaging on the Psychology of Different Groups of Consumers

With the vigorous development of consumer culture in today’s society,various types of food packaging also appear in front of consumers in different forms.There are very big differences in food packaging in terms of shape,color,style and other aspects of information transmission,which have the most direct impact on the audience’s food consumption needs.Driven by the consumption-oriented society,food packaging has shown very obvious comprehensive characteristics,is significantly interdisciplinary,and has close connections with other disciplines.This article will analyze and sort out the impact of food packaging on consumer psychology from different perspectives.

Research on Silicon Carbide Dispersion-Reinforced Hypereutectic Aluminum-Silicon Electronic Packaging Materials

The objective of this study is to improve the mechanical properties and machining performance of high thermal conductivity and low expansion silicon carbide dispersion-strengthened hypereutectic aluminum-silicon electronic packaging materials to meet the needs of aviation,aerospace,and electronic packaging fields.We used the powder metallurgy method and high-temperature hot pressing technology to prepare SiC/Al-Si composite materials with different SiC contents(5vol%,10vol%,15vol%,and 20vol%).The results showed that as the SiC content increased,the tensile strength of the composite material first increased and then decreased.The tensile strength was the highest when the SiC content was 15%;the sintering temperature significantly affected the composite material’s structural density and mechanical properties.Findings indicated 700℃was the optimal sintering and the optimal SiC content of SiC/Al-Si composite materials was between 10%and 15%.Besides,the sintering temperature should be strictly controlled to improve the material’s structural density and mechanical properties.

Model of gas exchange dynamics for modified-atmosphere packages containing fresh produce

A model for modified-atmosphere packaging （MAP） systems containing fruits and vegetables was developed.The computer simulation was performed to predict the gas mass concentrations inside the packages and was successfully verified by experiments with yellow peaches at 5,15 and 25 ℃ using two types of packaging films.A Michaelis-Menten type respiration model with noncompetitive inhibition mechanism due to CO2 was adopted while the respiration rates were measured with an improved permeable system method suitable for either steady or unsteady state.The applicability of the model in the design of MAP systems was demonstrated with a calculation to evaluate film specification and equilibrium concentrations of O2 and CO2 in the package containing yellow peaches.

Effects of gold plating on the resistance to high temperature discoloration of the cavity for ceramic packages

The effects of thickness and types of gold plating on the resistance to hightemperature discoloration of gold plating on cavity surface of ceramic package were investigated. Itwas found that the thicker gold plating, the less discoloration degree for ceramic packages.Non-cyanide gold plating performed better resistance to high-temperature aging than cyanide goldplating. The relationship between the gold plating thickness and the amount of diffused Ni to thegold plating of ceramic packages with Au/Ni and Au/Ni-Co platings after heating at 420℃ for 15 minwas also studied. When the gold plating thickness reach 2.0 μm and 1.6 μm for Au/Ni and Au/Ni-Coplating systems, respectively, no discoloration was observed on the gold plating surface of cavity,and the corresponding diffused Ni amounts (mass fraction) are 1.0% and 0.4%, while the diffused Coto the gold plating is 0.04%.

Numerical and Experimental Investigations of the Thermal Fatigue Lifetime of CBGA Packages

A thermal fatigue lifetime prediction model of ceramic ball grid array(CBGA)packages is proposed based on the Darveaux model.A finite element model of the CBGA packages is established,and the Anand model is used to describe the viscoplasticity of the CBGA solder.The average viscoplastic strain energy density increment △Wave of the CBGA packages is obtained using a finite element simulation,and the influence of different structural parameters on theWave is analyzed.A simplified analytical model of the △Wave is established using the simulation data.The thermal fatigue lifetime of CBGA packages is obtained from a thermal cycling test.The Darveaux lifetime predictionmodel ismodified based on the thermal fatigue lifetime obtained fromthe experiment and the corresponding △Wave.A validation test is conducted to verify the accuracy of the thermal fatigue lifetime prediction model of the CBGA packages.This proposed model can be used in engineering to evaluate the lifetime of CBGA packages.

THRUST PACKAGES OF 1.68 Ga INDIAN SUPRA-CRUSTAL ROCKS IN THE MIOCENE SIWALIK BELT,CENTRAL NEPAL HIMALAYAS

The Siwalik Belt is a frontal fold\|thrust belt of the Himalayas and composed of thick sequence of foreland basin sediments derived from the Himalayas during the last 15 to 17 million years.From this Miocene belt in the central Nepal,we discovered exotic thrust packages of the Middle Proterozoic rocks,which has been regarded as the Siwalik Group or post\|collisional sediments correlatable with the Subathu or Murree Formation in India.The thrust belt,called the Bagmati Belt,is narrowly distributed in the Siwalik Belt,22km to the north of the Main Frontal Thrust (MFT or HFF) that is an active fault and considered to be the deformation front of the Himalayan orogen.The Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) which separates the Siwalik Belt from the Lesser Himalayan Belt runs 7km to the north of the thrust packages.Within the belt,tectonic slices of 400m to 1km in thickness are repeated three to five times due to thrusts,sandwiching a thin slice of the Siwalik beds.The thrust package consists of the pre\|Siwalik sedimetary rocks and sills of dolerite,and named as the Bagmati Group.The thickness is only about 800m due to tectonic repition by thrust,although the group has been considered to be a continuous sequence attaining 2200m in thickness.We divided the Bagmati Group into three formations,each of which shows an upward\|coarsening and thickening sequence of 200 to 350m in thickness.All sequence is composed of red\|brown orthoquartzite,pink quartzite,micaceous shale and thin sandstone interbed and rhythmite,mottled hematite and hematitic pisolite.We interpret that the Bagmati Group was deposited in shallow lacustrine and desert environments.

Discourse Analysis of packages in Chinese Cross Talk from Conceptual Integration Theory

Packages in Chinese cross talk are the origin of cross talk humor.By using the literature investigation method,the paper find the effect of humor when create the packages and unpack the packages,which is the process that audiences construct mental spaces and create mappings between mental spaces,but the detail process of mental spaces and the mappings of mental spaces is uncertain.Thus,the paper uses literature investigation and illustration as the main research methods.This paper means to make a better understanding of the humor of cross talk and can help to create more humor discourse.

Various Software Packages for Analysis of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Data

The magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS)results are greatly influenced by reconstruction of the spectrum and quantitative analysis.Because of this requirement a number of programs dedicated to MRS data analysis were developed.The selection and use of appropriate software is crucial not only in clinical procedures,but also while carrying out scientific research.The choice of the software to suit the user's needs should be based on the analysis of the functionality of the program.It is particularly important from the user's viewpoint to identify what data can be loaded and processed in the program.The specific programs allow the user different degree of control over analysis parameters.Moreover,the programs for MRS data analysis differ in terms of the applied signal processing algorithms.The aim of this work,therefore,is to review available packages designed for MRS data analysis,taking into account their capabilities and limitations.

Effects of gold plating on the resistance to high temperature discoloration of the cavity for ceramic packages

The effects of thickness and types of gold plating on the resistance to high temperature discoloration of gold plating on cavity surface of ceramic package were investigated. It was found that the thicker gold plating, the less discoloration degree for ceramic packages. Non-cyanide gold plating performed better resistance to high-temperature aging than cyanide gold plating. The relationship between the gold plating thickness and the amount of diffused Ni to the gold plating of ceramic packages with Au/Ni and Au/Ni-Co platings after heating at 420℃for 15 min was also studied. When the gold plating thickness reach 2.0 μm and 1.6 μm for Au/Ni and Au/Ni-Co plating systems, respectively, no discoloration was observed on the gold plating surface of cavity, and the corresponding diffused Ni amounts (mass fraction) are 1.0% and 0.4%, while the diffused Co to the gold plating is 0.04%.

Antibacterial Chitosan-Gelatin Microcapsules Modified with Green-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles for Food Packaging

Silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)are an effective antibacterial agent,but their application in food packaging is limited due to their easy agglomeration and oxidation.In this study,antibacterial microcapsules were fabricated using Ginkgo biloba essential oil(GBEO)as core material and chitosan and type B gelatin biopolymer as capsule mate-rials.These antibacterial microcapsules were then modified with green-synthesized Ag NPs,blended into the bio-polymer polylactic acid(PLA),and finally formed as films.Physicochemical properties and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)were evaluated.Results showed that the prepared antibacterial PLA films exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens.Its TVC exceeded the limit value of 7 log CFU/g at 7 days compared with the 5 days of pure PLA films.Therefore,these films can extend the shelf life of grass carp fillets by 2–3 days under refrigeration.

ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS OF THERMAL STRESS DISTRIBUTION IN PLASTIC ENCAPSULATED INTEGRATED CIRCUIT PACKAGES

Due to the mismatch in the coefficients of thermal expansion of slicon chip and the surrounding plastic encapsulation materials, the induced thermal stress is the main cause for die and encapsulant rupture. The corner geometry is simplified as the semi_infinite wedge. Then the two_dimensional thermal stress distribution around the corner was obtained explicitly. Based on the stress calculation, the strain energy density factor criterion is used to evaluate the strength of the structure, which can not only give the critical condition for the stresses, but also determine the direction of fracture initiation around the corner.