BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)is a common neoplasm with high rates of recurrence and metastasis,and its therapeutic efficacy is still not ideal.There is an unmet need to find new molecular therapeutic...BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)is a common neoplasm with high rates of recurrence and metastasis,and its therapeutic efficacy is still not ideal.There is an unmet need to find new molecular therapeutic targets for GIST.TATA-boxbinding protein-associated factor 15(TAF15)contributes to the progress of various tumors,while the role and molecular mechanism of TAF15 in GIST progression are still unknown.AIM To explore new molecular therapeutic targets for GIST and understand the biological role and underlying mechanisms of TAF15 in GIST progression.METHODS Proteomic analysis was performed to explore the differentially expressed proteins in GIST.Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis were used to verify the expression level of TAF15 in GIST tissues and cell lines.Cell counting kit-8,colony formation,wound-healing and transwell assay were executed to detect the ability of TAF15 on cell proliferation,migration and invasion.A xenograft mouse model was applied to explore the role of TAF15 in the progression of GIST.Western blotting was used to detect the phosphorylation level and total level of RAF1,MEK and ERK1/2.RESULTS A total of 1669 proteins were identified as differentially expressed proteins with 762 upregulated and 907 downregulated in GIST.TAF15 was selected for the further study because of its important role in cell proliferation and migration.TAF15 was significantly over expressed in GIST tissues and cell lines.Overexpression of TAF15 was associated with larger tumor size and higher risk stage of GIST.TAF15 knockdown significantly inhibited the cell proliferation and migration of GIST in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo.Moreover,the inhibition of TAF15 expression significantly decreased the phosphorylation level of RAF1,MEK and ERK1/2 in GIST cells and xenograft tissues,while the total RAF1,MEK and ERK1/2 had no significant change.CONCLUSION TAF15 is over expressed in GIST tissues and cell lines.Overexpression of TAF15 was associated with a poor prognosis of GIST patients.TAF15 promotes cell proliferation and migration in GIST via the activation of the RAF1/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.Thus,TAF15 is expected to be a novel latent molecular biomarker or therapeutic target of GIST.展开更多
Objective:Immature vasculature lacking pericyte coverage substantially contributes to tumor growth,drug resistance,and cancer cell dissemination.We previously demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15(TNF...Objective:Immature vasculature lacking pericyte coverage substantially contributes to tumor growth,drug resistance,and cancer cell dissemination.We previously demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15(TNFSF15)is a cytokine with important roles in modulating hematopoiesis and vascular homeostasis.The main purpose of this study was to explore whether TNFSF15 might promote freshly isolated myeloid cells to differentiate into CD11b^(+) cells and further into pericytes.Methods:A model of Lewis lung cancer was established in mice with red fluorescent bone marrow.After TNFSF15 treatment,CD11b^(+) myeloid cells and vascular pericytes in the tumors,and the co-localization of pericytes and vascular endothelial cells,were assessed.Additionally,CD11b^(+) cells were isolated from wild-type mice and treated with TNFSF15 to determine the effects on the differentiation of these cells.Results:We observed elevated percentages of bone marrow-derived CD11b^(+)myeloid cells and vascular pericytes in TNFSF15-treated tumors,and the latter cells co-localized with vascular endothelial cells.TNFSF15 protected against CD11b^(+)cell apoptosis and facilitated the differentiation of these cells into pericytes by down-regulating Wnt3a-VEGFR1 and up-regulating CD49e-FN signaling pathways.Conclusions:TNFSF15 facilitates the production of CD11b^(+) cells in the bone marrow and promotes the differentiation of these cells into pericytes,which may stabilize the tumor neovasculature.展开更多
丝裂原活化蛋白激酶15(mitogen-activated protein kinase 15,MAPK15),又称ERK7或ERK8,是MAPK家族的非典型新成员。MAPK15不同程度地促进不同肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移、自噬等细胞活动。本研究以MAPK15为靶点,筛选特异性的MAPK15纳米抗体,...丝裂原活化蛋白激酶15(mitogen-activated protein kinase 15,MAPK15),又称ERK7或ERK8,是MAPK家族的非典型新成员。MAPK15不同程度地促进不同肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移、自噬等细胞活动。本研究以MAPK15为靶点,筛选特异性的MAPK15纳米抗体,评估其是否能够作为免疫组织化学和Western印迹中的一抗用于其抗原表达的检测,并探究该纳米抗体在B16-F10黑色素瘤细胞中的作用。通过噬菌体展示技术从B16-F10黑色素瘤细胞纳米抗体文库中进行筛选,得到1株MAPK15特异性纳米抗体,命名为MAPK15-VHH;将该菌株构建原核表达载体,进行优化诱导表达条件时发现,0.6 nmol/L IPTG,15℃,100 r/min条件下该纳米抗体的上清表达量最高。通过竞争ELISA法检测MAPK15-VHH的亲和力,结果显示,该抗体KD值为0.9829。通过Western印迹和免疫组织化学检测脑组织中MAPK15在蛋白质水平的表达量及分布情况,结果表明,MAPK15-VHH可与组织中的MAPK15结合,用于检测MAPK15蛋白的表达情况。在B16-F10黑色素瘤细胞中过表达MAPK15后向其中添加MAPK15-VHH,通过CCK8、Western印迹以及实时荧光定量PCR检测其对该细胞增殖和自噬的影响,结果显示,该MAPK15-VHH能作为MAPK15的拮抗剂,抑制B16-F10细胞的增殖和自噬,从而抑制黑素瘤细胞的生长。综上所述,本研究成功得到一株亲和力较强的MAPK15纳米抗体,可用于Western印迹及免疫组织化学以检测MAPK15在蛋白质水平的表达及分布;此外,该MAPK15纳米抗体可以作为MAPK15拮抗剂,有效地抑制B16-F10细胞的增殖和自噬进程,为临床检测试剂和治疗药物的开发提供理论基础。展开更多
In this editorial,the roles of tata-box-binding protein-associated factor 15(TAF15)in oncogenesis,tumor behavior,and as a therapeutic target in cancers in the context of gastrointestinal(GI)tumors are discussed concer...In this editorial,the roles of tata-box-binding protein-associated factor 15(TAF15)in oncogenesis,tumor behavior,and as a therapeutic target in cancers in the context of gastrointestinal(GI)tumors are discussed concerning the publication by Guo et al.TAF15 is a member of the FET protein family with a comprehensive range of cellular processes.Besides,evidence has shown that TAF15 is involved in many diseases,including cancers.TAF15 contributes to carcinogenesis and tumor behavior in many tumors.Besides,its relationship with the mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK)signaling pathway makes TAF15 a new target for therapy.Although,the fact that there is few studies investigating the expression of TAF15 constitutes a potential limitation in GI system,the association of TAF15 expression with aggressive tumor behavior and,similar to other organ tumors,the influence of TAF15 on the MAPK signaling pathway emphasize that this protein could serve as a new molecular biomarker to predict tumor behavior and target therapeutic intervention in GI cancers.In conclusion,more studies should be performed to better understand the prognostic and therapeutic role of TAF15 in GI tumors,especially in tumors resistant to therapy.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81870453.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)is a common neoplasm with high rates of recurrence and metastasis,and its therapeutic efficacy is still not ideal.There is an unmet need to find new molecular therapeutic targets for GIST.TATA-boxbinding protein-associated factor 15(TAF15)contributes to the progress of various tumors,while the role and molecular mechanism of TAF15 in GIST progression are still unknown.AIM To explore new molecular therapeutic targets for GIST and understand the biological role and underlying mechanisms of TAF15 in GIST progression.METHODS Proteomic analysis was performed to explore the differentially expressed proteins in GIST.Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis were used to verify the expression level of TAF15 in GIST tissues and cell lines.Cell counting kit-8,colony formation,wound-healing and transwell assay were executed to detect the ability of TAF15 on cell proliferation,migration and invasion.A xenograft mouse model was applied to explore the role of TAF15 in the progression of GIST.Western blotting was used to detect the phosphorylation level and total level of RAF1,MEK and ERK1/2.RESULTS A total of 1669 proteins were identified as differentially expressed proteins with 762 upregulated and 907 downregulated in GIST.TAF15 was selected for the further study because of its important role in cell proliferation and migration.TAF15 was significantly over expressed in GIST tissues and cell lines.Overexpression of TAF15 was associated with larger tumor size and higher risk stage of GIST.TAF15 knockdown significantly inhibited the cell proliferation and migration of GIST in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo.Moreover,the inhibition of TAF15 expression significantly decreased the phosphorylation level of RAF1,MEK and ERK1/2 in GIST cells and xenograft tissues,while the total RAF1,MEK and ERK1/2 had no significant change.CONCLUSION TAF15 is over expressed in GIST tissues and cell lines.Overexpression of TAF15 was associated with a poor prognosis of GIST patients.TAF15 promotes cell proliferation and migration in GIST via the activation of the RAF1/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.Thus,TAF15 is expected to be a novel latent molecular biomarker or therapeutic target of GIST.
基金supported partly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82073064 and 81874167 to LYL,and 82073233 to ZQZ)Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Innovation Fund(Grant No.22HHXBSS00020 to LYL)Ministry of Education 111 Project(Grant No.B20016 to LYL)。
文摘Objective:Immature vasculature lacking pericyte coverage substantially contributes to tumor growth,drug resistance,and cancer cell dissemination.We previously demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15(TNFSF15)is a cytokine with important roles in modulating hematopoiesis and vascular homeostasis.The main purpose of this study was to explore whether TNFSF15 might promote freshly isolated myeloid cells to differentiate into CD11b^(+) cells and further into pericytes.Methods:A model of Lewis lung cancer was established in mice with red fluorescent bone marrow.After TNFSF15 treatment,CD11b^(+) myeloid cells and vascular pericytes in the tumors,and the co-localization of pericytes and vascular endothelial cells,were assessed.Additionally,CD11b^(+) cells were isolated from wild-type mice and treated with TNFSF15 to determine the effects on the differentiation of these cells.Results:We observed elevated percentages of bone marrow-derived CD11b^(+)myeloid cells and vascular pericytes in TNFSF15-treated tumors,and the latter cells co-localized with vascular endothelial cells.TNFSF15 protected against CD11b^(+)cell apoptosis and facilitated the differentiation of these cells into pericytes by down-regulating Wnt3a-VEGFR1 and up-regulating CD49e-FN signaling pathways.Conclusions:TNFSF15 facilitates the production of CD11b^(+) cells in the bone marrow and promotes the differentiation of these cells into pericytes,which may stabilize the tumor neovasculature.
文摘In this editorial,the roles of tata-box-binding protein-associated factor 15(TAF15)in oncogenesis,tumor behavior,and as a therapeutic target in cancers in the context of gastrointestinal(GI)tumors are discussed concerning the publication by Guo et al.TAF15 is a member of the FET protein family with a comprehensive range of cellular processes.Besides,evidence has shown that TAF15 is involved in many diseases,including cancers.TAF15 contributes to carcinogenesis and tumor behavior in many tumors.Besides,its relationship with the mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK)signaling pathway makes TAF15 a new target for therapy.Although,the fact that there is few studies investigating the expression of TAF15 constitutes a potential limitation in GI system,the association of TAF15 expression with aggressive tumor behavior and,similar to other organ tumors,the influence of TAF15 on the MAPK signaling pathway emphasize that this protein could serve as a new molecular biomarker to predict tumor behavior and target therapeutic intervention in GI cancers.In conclusion,more studies should be performed to better understand the prognostic and therapeutic role of TAF15 in GI tumors,especially in tumors resistant to therapy.
