Effects of Buyang Huanwu decoction and Astragalus mongholicus on platelet activating factor receptor activity in rabbits in vitro

BACKGROUND: The pharmacological action of traditional Chinese medicine compound is the comprehensive effect of the various ingredients, and the interactions of various ingredients are closely correlated with the final effect. In order to reveal the compatibility mechanism of BHD's prescription in treating and preventing ischemic cerebrovascular disease, we needed explore the effect and relation of ingredients in the prescription. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Buyang Huanwu decoction (BHD) and Astragalus mongholicus on the activity of platelet activating factor receptor (PAFR) in the platelet of rabbits in vitro, and investigate the mechanism of Astragalus mongholicus. DESIGN: A decomposed recipes study. SETTING: Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. MATERIALS: Five New Zealand rabbits, weighing 2-3 kg, both sexes, were used. BHD was composed of Sheng Huang Qi 120 g, Dang Gui Wei 6 g, Chi Shao 4.5 g, Chuan Xiong 3 g, Di Long 3 g, Tao Ren 3 g, Hong Hua 3 g. The prescription for activating blood circulation consisted of Dang Gui Wei 6 g, Chi Shao 4.5 g, Chuan Xiong 3 g, Di Long 3 g, Tao Ren 3 g and Hong Hua 3 g. The prescription for invigorating qi consisted of 120 g Sheng Huang Qi. The prepared herbal pieces were purchased from the traditional Chinese medicine Dispensary of Foshan Second People's Hospital, and appraised by Professor Xu from Science of Chinese Materia Medica College, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 3H-PAF was supplied by Amersham Co., Ltd. (specific activity: 6. 475 TBq/mmol; batch number: 200402); PAF standard by Biomol Co., Ltd. (batch number: P1318V). METHODS: The experiments were carried out in the Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September to December 2004. ① Injections of BHD, prescriptions for activating blood circulation and invigorating qi were prepared by the decoction and alcohol sedimentation technique. Rabbit common carotid artery blood (40 mL) was drawn via intubation to prepare platelet suspension of (0.8-1.0)×1010 L-1. ② Determination of 3H-PAF and washed PAFR binding: The general combination tube (T) contained washed platelet-rich plasma (WPRP) 380 μL + 3H-PAF (0.35 nmol/L)10 μL+distilled water 5 μL; The nonspecific binding tube (P) contained WPRP 380 μL+3H-PAF(0.35 nmol/L)10 μL+cold PAF (1 μmol/L) 5 μL; The sample tube (Y) contained WPRP 380 μL+3H-PAF(0.35 nmol/L)10 μL+experimental medicine (injection of BHD, prescriptions for activating blood circulation or invigorating qi) 5 μL. The test was conducted for three times for each sample in the same way as mentioned above. The samples were shaken on the oscillator for 30 s, then bathed at 25 ℃ for 40 minutes, and the reaction was terminated with cold Tris buffer containing 0.1% BSA, multichannel cell detachment separator was used for vacuum suction to filter the separated free 3H-PAF, and the filter paper was washed with cold Tris buffer for four times, then dried in the baking oven (80 ℃) for 1 hour, and placed in xylol liquid scintillator, and the radioactivity was determined automatically by the liquid scintillation detector. The mean of the three parallel tubes was calculated. The specific binging inhibition rate was calculated: SBIR=[(T-Y)/(T-P)]×100%]. ③ Univariate analysis of variance was conducted. And for comparison of each paired groups, the q test was adopted. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Effect of BHD whole prescription, prescriptions for activating blood circulation and invigorating qi on the specific binding inhibition rate of 3H-PAF and PAFR. RESULTS: BHD, prescriptions for activating blood circulation and invigorating qi were all able to inhibit the specific binding of 3H-PAF to PAFR, the specific blinding inhibition rates were (45.90±7.50)%, (97.90±1.84)% and (26.75±2.48)%, respectively, and there were significant differences between every two groups (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Single Astragalus mongholicus (120 g) can inhibit the specific blinding of PAFR in the platelet of the rabbit with 3H-PAF, but the combination of Astragalus mongholicus with the drugs for activating blood circulation in BHD can significantly decrease the inhibiting action of the latter on PAFR activity of the platelet, reflecting the combined mechanism of 'removing blood stasis without injuring the vital qi' in BHD.

Effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on Platelet Activating Factor Content in Arterial Blood Preand Post-Arterial Thrombosis in Rats

To explore the effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BHD) on platelet activating factor (PAF) content in arterial blood pre- and post-arterial thrombosis in rats, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, the medicine group treated with BHD, the control group with dexamethasone liquid, and the blank group with distilled water. Oral administration was given for 14 consecutive days, once daily. Model of arterial thrombosis was established in the animals 2 hours after final medication, the blood content of PAF, dry weight (DW) and occlusion time (OT) of thrombus, and dry weight of thrombus/body weight (TW/BW) ratio were observed. Results indicated that BHD could markedly lower the arterial blood content of PAF after thrombosis, increase the OT of thrombus, reduce the dry weight of thrombus and the TW/BW ratio (P

EFFECT OF ANTITUMOR DRUGS ON THE ACTIVITY OF DNA TOPOISOMERASE I

The activity of DNA topoisomerase Ⅱ prepared from either normal or tumor tissues were compared. It was found that the unknotting activity of the enzyme in malignant tumor cells was higher than that in normal cells. We selected some antitumor drugs including Chinese traditional medicine, and observed their effects on the unknotting activity of topoisomerase Ⅱ. The results showed that inhibition of the unknotting activity of the enzyme required very low concentrations of drugs, but much higher concentrations were required for other tested. Some antitumor drugs had no effect on the enzyme were also proved. It is interesting that carrageenan, an antiviral drug, strongly blocked the unknotting activity although its antitumor activity has not been reported.

<i>In-Vitro</i>Inhibitory Effect of Methanol Extracts of Chinese Herbal Drugs on Supercoiling Activity of Bacterial DNA Gyrase

A large number of Chinese herbal drugs (CHDs) exhibit antibacterial activities both in vivo and in vitro, but until now little is known regarding their inhibitory mechanisms. Bacterial DNA gyrase is a proven target for antibacterial agents. Aim of this study was to investigate the in-vitro inhibitory effect of methanol extracts of CHDs against supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase. Fifteen CHDs were selected and extracted with methanol, respectively. Inhibitory effect of the extracts on DNA gyrase was tested using gel-based DNA supercoiling assay. Among fifteen CHDs tested, methanol extracts of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (S2), Taraxaci Herba (S7), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (S8) demonstrated an obvious inhibitory effect against supercoiling activity of DNA gyrase, and the others were either less active or could not be determined with the present method. Moreover, it was likely that S7 and S8 inhibit gyrase in a concentration-dependent manner. In conclusion, DNA supercoiling assay is a promising method to study the inhibitory activity of CHDs on bacterial DNA gyrase. Some CHDs do have gyrase-inhibitory activity as proposed. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the inhibition mechanism of these CHDs on supercoiling activity of gyrase.

绿原酸抗菌作用及机制的研究进展

绿原酸是植物体在有氧呼吸过程中经莽草酸途径合成的一种苯丙素类物质,自然存在于多种中药材和食物中,杜仲、金银花和咖啡等植物中含量较高,具有抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化、抗癌和免疫调节等多种药理活性。近年来,绿原酸作为研究活性物质的焦点之一,因其抗菌谱广,对多种细菌和真菌均有较好的抗菌活性,故绿原酸对临床菌株的抗菌作用逐渐被重视和研究。本文综述了近年来国内外关于绿原酸对多种致病菌的抗菌作用及机制的研究进展,旨在为绿原酸抗菌作用的深入研究提供参考,为临床抗感染治疗和控制带来新思路,有助于绿原酸在医药领域的开发。

靶向血小板的抗肿瘤药物研究进展

血小板长期以来一直被认为是止血和血栓形成的关键参与者;然而,越来越多的证据表明,它们也与癌症有关。临床前和临床研究表明,血小板可以通过血小板和癌细胞之间的各种串扰来促进肿瘤发生和转移。血小板在肿瘤发生的各个阶段,包括肿瘤生长、肿瘤细胞外渗和转移中都发挥着积极的作用。此外,癌症患者的血小板增多与患者不良生存率相关。由于大量的微粒和外泌体,血小板还能够很好地协调局部和远处的肿瘤-宿主之间的相互作用。因此,以血小板为靶点的抗肿瘤药物具有很大的开发与应用前景。以下将对靶向血小板的抗肿瘤药物研究进展进行综述。

补肾活血中药联合孕三烯酮用于子宫内膜异位症术后治疗的系统评价和Mate分析

目的采用Meta分析方法系统评价补肾活血中药联合孕三烯酮用于子宫内膜异位症术后治疗的效果和安全性。方法计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、PubMed、Embase和Web of Science等数据库从建库至2022年11月有关补肾活血中药联合孕三烯酮用于子宫内膜异位症术后治疗的临床随机对照试验(RCT),制定纳入和排除标准,筛选符合标准的文献。以给予补肾活血中药联合孕三烯酮治疗的患者作为试验组,单纯给予孕三烯酮治疗的患者作为对照组,提取相关资料运用RevMan 5.4.1软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入7项RCT研究,涉及患者816例。Meta分析结果显示:与对照组相比,试验组的总有效率[比值比(OR)=2.35,95%CI(1.47,3.77),P=0.0004]、妊娠率[OR=2.34,95%CI(1.62,3.38),P<0.00001]显著增高,复发率[OR=0.38,95%CI(0.24,0.59),P<0.0001]、FSH水平[均数差(MD)=-1.53,95%CI(-1.87,-1.20),P<0.00001]、糖类抗原125(CA125)水平[MD=-13.53,95%CI(-16.78,-10.28),P<0.00001]及LH水平[MD=-1.64,95%CI(-1.86,-1.42),P<0.00001]显著降低;两组的不良反应发生率及E 2水平变化无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论与单纯使用孕三烯酮比较,补肾活血中药联合孕三烯酮用于子宫内膜异位症术后治疗在提高治疗有效率及妊娠率、降低复发率等方面可能更有优势,但因为本研究纳入文献的数量及质量有限,后续仍需要更多高质量的RCT研究进一步验证。

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定调节三高类保健食品中59种非法添加药物

本实验建立了调节三高类保健食品中59种非法添加药物的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。样品经甲醇提取,QuEChERS净化,氮吹至近干,1 mL 40%甲醇溶液(体积分数)复溶,以乙腈和0.1%甲酸溶液(5 mmol/L乙酸铵)为流动相,经ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3反相柱梯度分离,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱在正、负离子模式下多反应监测,采用基质外标法定量。结果表明:59种非法添加药物在线性范围内,决定系数(R^(2))均大于0.980,回收率在60.2%~119.5%之间,相对标准偏差在1.2%~15.0%之间。该方法具有前处理较简单、分析时间较短、灵敏度好、准确度高、杂质干扰小等特点,可以用于调节三高类保健食品中多种非法添加药物的检测。

苍山18种地衣体外抗菌活性及联合药敏研究

本研究旨在探究18种苍山地衣体外抗菌活性及其天然活性产物与抗生素联用对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)的协同效应。采用打孔法测定18种地衣对6种食源性致病菌的体外抗菌活性,并以MRSA为示踪,采用棋盘法测定活性地衣与7种常用抗生素的联合作用,并进行体外杀菌曲线、防突变浓度及抗生素后效应的测定。结果显示18种地衣中有10种地衣具备体外抗MRSA活性,以白边岛衣的抗菌活性最强,达到了极度敏感(抑菌圈直径为22.0 mm)。其中,光肺衣、寸石蕊与哌拉西林具有协同抗菌作用,二者与哌拉西林联用可以显著降低MRSA的菌体浓度(P<0.05),增强细菌防突变的能力,延长了哌拉西林的后效应。本试验结果表明多种苍山地衣提取物对MRSA具有较好的抗菌活性,且寸石蕊、光肺衣与哌拉西林具有协同抗MRSA的作用,具有进一步开发为抗生素及抗生素佐剂的潜力。

替罗非班对进展性脑梗死患者血小板活性的影响及应用效果分析

目的观察替罗非班对进展性脑梗死(progressive cerebral infarction,PCI)患者血小板活性的影响及临床应用效果。方法本研究为随机对照试验,前瞻性选取2021年1月至2023年3月南阳医学高等专科学校附属中医院收治的106例PCI患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为常规组和试验组,每组53例。常规组男30例、女23例,年龄(60.11±5.27)岁,予以常规药物治疗;试验组男31例、女22例,年龄(61.25±5.33)岁,采用替罗非班配合治疗。对比两组患者治疗前后血小板功能、炎症反应及神经功能改善情况,评估两组用药安全性。采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果治疗前,两组患者血小板活性、血小板功能、炎症指标、神经功能比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。治疗后,试验组β-血小板球蛋白(β-TG)、颗粒膜蛋白CD62P、CD63、血小板聚集率(PAgT)、血小板黏附率(PAdT)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、IL-8、C-反应蛋白(CRP)均低于常规组[(15.44±5.16)μg/L比(18.25±5.27)μg/L、(55.25±10.47)%比(61.45±10.46)%、(10.33±3.41)%比(12.28±3.16)%、(35.22±10.17)%比(42.11±10.48)%、(28.33±5.14)%比(31.45±5.16)%、(60.44±10.28)ng/L比(67.62±10.35)ng/L、(10.15±3.22)ng/L比(12.37±3.19)ng/L、(7.66±2.11)mg/L比(8.82±2.14)mg/L],差异均有统计学意义(t=2.774、3.050、3.054、3.435、3.119、3.583、3.566、2.810,均P<0.05)。治疗3 d、7 d、14 d后,试验组美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分均低于常规组[(30.25±5.14)分比(33.47±5.26)分、(24.33±5.18)分比(27.85±5.61)分、(20.12±5.41)分比(23.36±5.41)分],差异均有统计学意义(t=3.188、3.356、3.083,均P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者药物相关不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论替罗非班能有效抑制PCI患者血小板活性,对改善血小板功能、减轻炎症反应并改善神经功能均有积极意义,联合应用此药未明显增加药物不良反应发生风险,安全性较高。

脑电生物反馈辅助治疗慢性精神分裂症的效果

目的:探讨慢性精神分裂症经脑电生物反馈辅助治疗后的疗效及对认知、社会功能的影响。方法:选取2022年1月至2023年9月我院确诊并接受治疗的慢性精神分裂症患者60例为本次研究的对象,其中30例患者接受抗精神病药物治疗,归为对照组,另30例在抗精神病药物基础上进行脑电生物反馈疗法,归为观察组。比较两组的临床疗效(临床疗效总评量表-疾病严重程度(Clinical Global Impression-SI,CGI-SI))、脑电活动特征(异常不自主运动量表(Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale,AIMS))、症状改善情况(现状精神病症状检查(Present State Examination,PSE))、生活质量(日常生活评定量表(Activity of Daily Living Scale,ADL))及社会功能(社会功能缺点挑选量表(Social Disability Screening Schedule,SDSS))。结果:治疗后两组CGI-SI评分、AIMS评分、PSE各维度评分、ADL评分及SDSS评分均显著改善(P<0.05),且观察组各项评分均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:通过对比分析发现,脑电生物反馈疗法联合药物治疗后,患者临床表现、不自主运动症状及认知功能均可得到明显缓解,而且其生活能力及社会功能也得到不同程度的改善,可作为慢性精神分裂症的有效治疗方案。

Treating inflammatory bowel disease by adsorptive leucocytapheresis:A desire to treat without drugs

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are the major phenotypes of the idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which afflicts millions of individuals throughout the world with debilitating symptoms, impairing function and quality of life. Current medications are aimed at reducing the symptoms or suppressing exacerbations. However, patients require life-long medications, and this can lead to drug dependency, loss of response together with adverse side effects. Indeed, drug side effects become additional morbidity factor in many patients on long-term medications. Nonetheless, the efficacy of anti-tumour necrosis factors (TNF)-α biologics has validated the role of inflammatory cytokines notably TNF-α in the exacerbation of IBD. However, inflammatory cytokines are released by patients’ own cellular elements including myeloid lineage leucocytes, which in patients with IBD are elevated with activation behaviour and prolonged survival. Accordingly, these leucocytes appear logical targets of therapy and can be depleted by adsorptive granulocyte/monocyte apheresis (GMA) with an Adacolumn. Based on this background, recently GMA has been applied to treat patients with IBD in Japan and in the European Union countries. Efficacy rates have been impressive as well as disappointing. In fact the clinical response to GMA seems to define the patients’ disease course, response to medications, duration of active disease, and severity at entry. The best responders have been first episode cases (up to 100%) followed by steroid naïve and patients with a short duration of active disease prior to GMA. Patients with deep ulcers together with extensive loss of the mucosal tissue and cases with a long duration of IBD refractory to existing medications are not likely to benefit from GMA. It is clinically interesting that patients who respond to GMA have a good long-term disease course by avoiding drugs including corticosteroids in the early stage of their IBD. Additionally, GMA is very much favoured by patients for its good safety profile. GMA in 21st century reminds us of phlebotomy as a major medical practice at the time of Hippocrates. However, in patients with IBD, there is a scope for removing from the body the sources of pro-inflammatory cytokines and achieve disease remission. The bottom line is that by introducing GMA at an early stage following the onset of IBD or before patients develop extensive mucosal damage and become refractory to medications, many patients should respond to GMA and avoid pharmacologics. This should fulfill the desire to treat without drugs.

PLATELET ACTIVATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PULMONARY HEART DISEASE EFFECT OF DIPYRIDAMOLE TREATMENT

Plasma levels of /f-thromboglobulin (/?-TG), platelet fac-tor 4(P and platelet aggregation rate (PAR) were measured in remission phase of 15 patients affected with chronic pulmonary heart disease (CPHD). 0-TG, /?-TG / PF4, PF4 and PAR were significantly higher in the patients than in controls (/3<0.01 and 0.05, respectively). After 10 days of treatment with Dipyridamole lOOtng tid, fi-TG, /?-TG / PF4 and PF4 decreased significantly compared with pretreatment values (/><0.01 and 0.05, respectively). The results suggest that in vivo platelet activation is indeed present in patients with CPHD and that dipyridamole can antagonize platelet activation in vivo.

应用微流控方法体外评估抗血小板药物疗效

目的发展一种可用于评估抗血小板药物对病理性高剪切诱导的血小板活化和聚集抑制效果的微流控芯片分析方法。方法采用软光刻工艺加工聚二甲基氧烷(polydimethylsiloxane,PDMS)-玻璃微通道芯片。将抗凝人外周全血以1500 s^(-1)剪切率流过微通道芯片,应用荧光倒置显微镜拍摄血小板在狭窄通道下游的聚集行为,通过图像分析得到血小板聚集覆盖率、聚集总面积、血栓平均尺寸和血栓数量。收集流过微流控芯片的全血,通过流式细胞技术分析血小板表面活化标志物(P-选择素和PAC-1)的表达,并评估抗血小板药物(阿司匹林、替格瑞洛、替罗非班)对狭窄下游血小板聚集和活化的抑制能力。结果随着输入剪切率的提高,血小板聚集能力逐渐增强。阿司匹林不能抑制病理性高剪切诱导的血小板活化和聚集,替格瑞洛和替罗非班能够显著抑制血小板活化和聚集。结论本研究发展的微流控芯片模型,可用于模拟动脉狭窄血管的局部特征,研究不同剪切力梯度对血小板聚集功能的影响,并在病理性高剪切力条件下评估抗血小板药物对血小板活化和聚集功能的抑制效能。区别于传统的比浊法及血栓弹力图仪等在静止条件下对血小板功能的检测,本研究结果为临床提供了一种更接近动脉血栓性疾病患者体内真实流动环境的体外模型,为经皮冠状动脉介入术后或动脉粥样硬化患者的血小板功能检测提供相关的分析方法。

基于小陷胸汤在心血管疾病中的相关研究特点论精简经典名方研究现状

小陷胸汤出自《伤寒论》,为医圣张仲景所创之方,由黄连、半夏、瓜蒌3味中药组成,具有清热化痰、宽胸散结的功效,临床研究中多以其合方或化裁方应用于多种心血管疾病。所谓精简经典名方,是指药味组成为4味及4味以下、虽药味精简却配伍精妙、临床应用广泛、疗效久经考验、对后世影响较大的方剂,小陷胸汤当归属此类。基于相关文献报道,从小陷胸汤在心血管疾病中的临床研究特点、小陷胸汤与心血管疾病相关的有效成分药理研究及小陷胸汤与心血管疾病相关的动物实验研究等方面对小陷胸汤相关研究进行概述;并以小陷胸汤研究特点为参照,总结精简经典名方研究中的共性问题,对其研究现状作相应见解论述,为今后精简经典名方深入研究提供参考。

桂枝茯苓胶囊辅助治疗子宫内膜异位症对血小板及血管生成的影响

目的:探讨桂枝茯苓胶囊辅助治疗子宫内膜异位症(EMS)对血小板及血管生成的影响。方法:选取2020年1月-2022年3月本院确诊的120例EMS患者,随机数字表分为联合组和对照组各60例,对照组采取西医基础疗法,联合组在对照组基础上加用桂枝茯苓胶囊辅助治疗,疗程均为3个月经周期,对比两组治疗前后中医证候评分、痛经症状积分、血清糖类抗原125(CA125)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、血管生成素-2(Ang-2)、血小板活化因子(CD62P、CD41)。结果:治疗后,两组中医证候主证、次证及总分均降低,联合组(8.63±2.20分、4.66±0.86分、13.29±2.50分)低于对照组(9.71±2.45分、5.42±1.34分、15.13±2.84分);血清CA125、VEGF、Ang-2水平均降低,且联合组(41.77±7.40 U/ml、154.3±17.5 ng/ml、43.96±6.57 ng/ml)低于对照组(45.84±7.95 U/ml、168.7±19.2 ng/ml、48.81±8.32 ng/ml);CD62P、CD41均降低,且联合组(11.62±3.54、42.75±7.04)%低于对照组(13.84±3.81、46.33±7.71)%;痛经VAS评分均降低,且联合组(3.85±0.92分)低于对照组(4.62±1.17分)(均P<0.05)。结论:桂枝茯苓胶囊辅助治疗EMS较单纯西医治疗能更有效改善患者临床症状,降低血小板活化程度及血管形成速度。

替格瑞洛治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的近期抗血小板疗效及不良反应发生情况

【目的】替格瑞洛治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者的近期抗血小板疗效及不良反应发生情况。【方法】回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年6月本院收治的行急诊PCI治疗的85例急性STEMI患者的临床资料,根据抗血板治疗药物的不同将其分为替格瑞洛组和氯吡格雷组。比较两组患者的一般临床资料、血小板相关指标、血小板抑制率、TIMI分级、校正TIMI帧数计数,以及主要不良反应和终点事件发生情况。【结果】入院时、服药24 h后、服药7 d后,两组患者花生四烯酸抑制率(AA%)、AA诱导通路上残留的血小板活性(MA AA)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。服药24 h后、服药7 d后,替格瑞洛组二磷酸腺苷抑制率(ADP%)高于氯吡格雷组,ADP诱导通路上残留的血小板活性(MA ADP)低于氯吡格雷组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。服药7 d后,替格瑞洛组TIMI分级Ⅲ级患者所占比例高于氯吡格雷组,前降支、回旋支和右冠状动脉的校正TIMI帧数计数均低于氯吡格雷组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者呼吸困难、心动过缓、皮肤瘀斑、出血等不良反应发生情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者心源性死亡、再次心肌梗死和紧急冠脉血运重建等终点事件比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。【结论】替格瑞洛应用于行PCI治疗的STEMI患者中,其抑制血小板聚集的作用优于氯吡格雷,可减少无/慢回流的发生,且未增加不良反应和主要终点事件的发生率,安全性较好。

西洛他唑对急性缺血性脑卒中患者溶栓后的治疗效果及血清PAF、vWF水平的影响

目的 探讨西洛他唑对急性缺血性脑卒中患者溶栓后的治疗效果,并观察其对血清血小板活化因子(PAF)、血管性血友病因子(vWF)水平的影响。方法 选择2019年5月至2022年5月西安宝石花长庆医院收治的102例急性缺血性脑卒中患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数表法分为观察组和对照组各51例。两组患者均接受阿替普酶溶栓治疗,对照组患者溶栓后使用阿司匹林治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上联合西洛他唑治疗,两组均连续治疗2周。比较两组患者治疗2周后的临床疗效和治疗前后血清PAF、vWF、红细胞比容(HCT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平及美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分、日常生活能力(Brathel指数)的变化,并比较两组患者治疗期间出血事件发生情况。结果 治疗后,观察组患者临床疗效总有效率为90.20%,明显高于对照组的72.55%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组患者的血清PAF、vWF、HCT、FIB分别为(70.23±6.94) ng/L、(98.06±14.21)μg/L、(0.40±0.07)%、(3.48±0.63) g/L,明显低于对照组的(81.04±8.37) ng/L、(117.83±17.39)μg/L、(0.48±0.09)%、(4.02±0.71) g/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组患者的NIHSS评分、m RS评分分别为(7.35±1.35)分、(1.82±0.28)分,明显低于对照组的(9.08±1.42)分、(2.24±0.35)分,Barthel指数为(70.03±7.41)分,明显高于对照组的(62.16±6.28)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗期间的出血事件总发生率为11.76%,略高于对照组的9.80%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 西洛他唑在急性缺血性脑卒中患者溶栓后的应用可有效降低患者的血清PAF、vWF水平,改善神经功能,临床治疗效果显著。

犁头草抗菌活性及其有效部位研究

本实验将犁头草全草作为研究对象,采用不同方法对犁头草全草的有效成分进行提取,评价并比较各提取物的抗菌活性。并将粗提物按照极性高低分布在石油醚、乙酸乙酯和水相中,评价不同萃取相的抗菌活性。结果显示,乙醇回流法和甲醇冷浸法获得的提取物抗菌活性明显,而水煎煮得到的提取物几乎未见抗菌活性。此外,乙酸乙酯萃取相的抗菌作用要优于石油醚相,而水萃取相抗菌活性最小。甲醇冷浸法和乙醇回流法获得的乙酸乙酯萃取组对金葡菌ATCC 33591和金葡菌ATCC 43300的抗菌活性最佳,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值达到0.3125 mg/mL,对其他细菌的MIC值在0.3125~1.25 mg/mL之间;而其他萃取组分对金葡菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌以及耐药菌的MIC值大约在1.25~5 mg/mL之间。本研究确定了犁头草具有广谱的抗菌活性,尤其对耐甲氧西林金葡菌效果较好。研究发现乙醇回流与甲醇冷浸法可用于犁头草的抗菌物质提取,且它的抗菌有效部位为乙酸乙酯萃取相。

不同类型NOACs治疗老年房颤的效果及安全性研究

目的 观察不同新型口服抗凝药(NOACs)治疗老年心房颤动的效果及安全性。方法 本文为前瞻性研究,病例纳入信阳市中心医院2022年1月~2023年3月收治的109例老年房颤患者,采用电脑随机分组法将入组患者分为两组,分别列为达比加群酯组(55例)和利伐沙班组(54例),达比加群酯组按110mg/次,2次/d剂量服用达比加群酯治疗,利伐沙班组按2.5mg/次,2次/d剂量服用利伐沙班片治疗,比较两组患者的治疗效果及安全性。结果 在不同治疗方案下,达比加群酯组的活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)为(37.25±5.17)s,凝血酶原时间(PT)为(14.33±4.14)s,凝血酶时间(TT)为(14.39±4.25)s,略高于利伐沙班组[(36.44±5.11)s、(13.29±4.25)s、(13.66±4.11)s],差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。达比加群酯组的内皮素-1(ET-1)为(15.25±5.16)pg/ml,一氧化氮(NO)为(30.25±5.17)ppb,略低于利伐沙班组[(16.62±5.41)pg/ml、(31.33±5.51)ppb],差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。达比加群酯组的β-血小板球蛋白(β-TG)为(17.44±5.23)ng/ml,颗粒膜蛋白CD62P为(56.24±10.35)%,CD63为(10.22±3.18)%,低于利伐沙班组[(20.26±5.17)ng/ml、(60.38±10.25)%、(12.46±3.41)%],差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。达比加群酯组的栓塞性事件发生率为9.09%(5/55),出血性事件发生率为10.91%(6/55),均低于利伐沙班组[20.37%(11/54)、24.07%(13/54)],差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。达比加群酯组的药物相关副反应发生率为10.91%(6/55),略低于利伐沙班组14.81%(8/54),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 达比加群酯及利伐沙班均可用于治疗老年房颤,二者均不会对患者凝血时间及血管内皮功能造成明显影响且用药安全性较高;但相比之下,达比加群酯在抑制血小板活性及降低栓塞性事件、出血性事件发生风险方面更具优势,或可成为治疗房颤的主要NOCAs。