Purpose： In this contribution, we want to detect the document type profiles of the three prestigious journals Nature, Science, and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States （PNAS） with re...Purpose： In this contribution, we want to detect the document type profiles of the three prestigious journals Nature, Science, and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States （PNAS） with regard to two levels： journal and country. Design/methodology/approach： Using relative values based on fractional counting, we investigate the distribution of publications across document types at both the journal and country level, and we use （cosine） document type profile similarity values to compare pairs of publication years within countries. Findings： Nature and Science mainly publish Editorial Material, Article, News Item and Letter, whereas the publications of PNAS are heavily concentrated on Article. The shares of Article for Nature and Science are decreasing slightly from 1999 to 2014, while the corresponding shares of Editorial Material are increasing. Most studied countries focus on Article and Letter in Nature, but on Letter in Science and PNAS. The document type profiles of some of the studied countries change to a relatively large extent over publication years. Research limitations： The main limitation of this research concerns the Web of Science classification of publications into document types. Since the analysis of the paper is based on document types of Web of Science, the classification in question is not free from errors, and the accuracy of the analysis might be affected.Practical implications： Results show that Nature and Science are quite diversified with regard to document types. In bibliometric assessments, where publications in Nature and Science play a role, other document types than Article and Review might therefore be taken into account. Originality/value： Results highlight the importance of other document types than Article and Review in Nature and Science. Large differences are also found when comparing the country document type profiles of the three journals with the corresponding profiles in all Web of Science journals.展开更多
This paper presents in a concise way the main characteristics of life from the physical point of view and the most successful theories of biogenesis, together with a mathematical formulation and simulation of proto-bi...This paper presents in a concise way the main characteristics of life from the physical point of view and the most successful theories of biogenesis, together with a mathematical formulation and simulation of proto-biogenesis. We present here a calculation method for biochemical reactions based on the available reaction data base, and using this method, we calculate precise scenarios for the first life cycle, and for the first stages of terrestrial biological evolution.展开更多
根据西南医学中心研究人员进行的一项最新研究,将放射治疗和中性粒细胞刺激因子结合在一起能够增强抗肿瘤免疫。相关研究结果 2016年9月20日发表在国际学术期刊《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States...根据西南医学中心研究人员进行的一项最新研究,将放射治疗和中性粒细胞刺激因子结合在一起能够增强抗肿瘤免疫。相关研究结果 2016年9月20日发表在国际学术期刊《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》上。放射治疗是三种癌症核心疗法中的一种。研究人员发现靶向肿瘤的放射治疗能够作为＂癌症疫苗＂引起中性粒细胞介导的肿瘤细胞死亡,激发免疫系统对抗其他转移灶的癌细胞。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:L1524037)
文摘Purpose： In this contribution, we want to detect the document type profiles of the three prestigious journals Nature, Science, and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States （PNAS） with regard to two levels： journal and country. Design/methodology/approach： Using relative values based on fractional counting, we investigate the distribution of publications across document types at both the journal and country level, and we use （cosine） document type profile similarity values to compare pairs of publication years within countries. Findings： Nature and Science mainly publish Editorial Material, Article, News Item and Letter, whereas the publications of PNAS are heavily concentrated on Article. The shares of Article for Nature and Science are decreasing slightly from 1999 to 2014, while the corresponding shares of Editorial Material are increasing. Most studied countries focus on Article and Letter in Nature, but on Letter in Science and PNAS. The document type profiles of some of the studied countries change to a relatively large extent over publication years. Research limitations： The main limitation of this research concerns the Web of Science classification of publications into document types. Since the analysis of the paper is based on document types of Web of Science, the classification in question is not free from errors, and the accuracy of the analysis might be affected.Practical implications： Results show that Nature and Science are quite diversified with regard to document types. In bibliometric assessments, where publications in Nature and Science play a role, other document types than Article and Review might therefore be taken into account. Originality/value： Results highlight the importance of other document types than Article and Review in Nature and Science. Large differences are also found when comparing the country document type profiles of the three journals with the corresponding profiles in all Web of Science journals.
文摘This paper presents in a concise way the main characteristics of life from the physical point of view and the most successful theories of biogenesis, together with a mathematical formulation and simulation of proto-biogenesis. We present here a calculation method for biochemical reactions based on the available reaction data base, and using this method, we calculate precise scenarios for the first life cycle, and for the first stages of terrestrial biological evolution.
文摘根据西南医学中心研究人员进行的一项最新研究,将放射治疗和中性粒细胞刺激因子结合在一起能够增强抗肿瘤免疫。相关研究结果 2016年9月20日发表在国际学术期刊《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》上。放射治疗是三种癌症核心疗法中的一种。研究人员发现靶向肿瘤的放射治疗能够作为＂癌症疫苗＂引起中性粒细胞介导的肿瘤细胞死亡,激发免疫系统对抗其他转移灶的癌细胞。
