Precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution(PPP-AR)is a powerful tool for geodetic and time-constrained applications that require high precision.The performance of PPP-AR highly depends on the reliability of t...Precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution(PPP-AR)is a powerful tool for geodetic and time-constrained applications that require high precision.The performance of PPP-AR highly depends on the reliability of the correct integer carrier-phase ambiguity estimation.In this study,the performance of narrow-lane ambiguity resolution of PPP using the Least-squares AMBiguity Decorrelation(LAMBDA)and bootstrapping methods is extensively investigated using real data from 55 IGS stations over one-month in 2020.Static PPP with 24-,12-,8-,4-,2-,1-and½-h sessions using two different cutoff angles(7°and 30°)was conducted with three PPP modes:i.e.ambiguity-float and two kinds of ambiguity-fixed PPP using the LAMBDA and bootstrapping methods for narrow-lane AR,respectively.The results show that the LAMBDA method can produce more reliable results for 2 hour and shorter observation sessions com-pared with the bootstrapping method using a 7°cutoff angle.For a 30°cutoff angle,the LAMBDA method outperforms the bootstrapping method for observation sessions of 4 h and less.For long observation times,the bootstrapping method produced much more accurate coordinates compared with the LAMBDA method without considering the wrong fixes cases.The results also show that occurrences of fixing the wrong integer ambiguities using the bootstrapping method are higher than that of the LAMBDA method.展开更多
全球范围内大量布设的GNSS（Global Navigation Satellite System）参考网为精密定位、导航和授时等应用提供了丰富的数据资源.基于局域参考网,先后发展了若干侧重实现双频精密定位的技术,如NRTK（Network Real Time Kinematic）,PPP（P...全球范围内大量布设的GNSS（Global Navigation Satellite System）参考网为精密定位、导航和授时等应用提供了丰富的数据资源.基于局域参考网,先后发展了若干侧重实现双频精密定位的技术,如NRTK（Network Real Time Kinematic）,PPP（Precise Point Positioning）和PPP-RTK等.其中,PPP-RTK融合了NRTK和PPP的技术优势,是目前相关研究的热点.本文改进了利用局域参考网提取各类改正信息的算法,以便于实现单频PPP-RTK,具体步骤包括：1）逐参考站实施非组合PPP,并固定已知站星距和卫星钟差,预估电离层延迟、浮点模糊度等参数;2）联合所有参考站的PPP模糊度预估值,通过重新参数化,形成一组双差整周模糊度和接收机、卫星相位偏差;3）固定双差整周模糊度,精化求解卫星相位偏差和各参考站PPP电离层延迟.基于网解中用到的卫星轨道和钟差,以及网解所提供的卫星相位偏差和（内插的）电离层延迟,参考网内的单频流动站即可实施PPP-RTK.基于澳大利亚某连续运行参考站网和流动站的实测数据,考察了：1）参考网数据处理中,双差模糊度的固定成功率（98.89%）和卫星相位偏差估值的时间稳定性（各连续弧段优于0.2周）;2）流动站处电离层延迟的内插精度（优于10cm）;3）单天内任一历元起算,固定静态（动态）单频PPP整周模糊度所需时长（均不超过10min）;4）模糊度固定前后,单频动态PPP的定位精度（模糊度固定后,平面和天顶RMS分别优于5cm和10cm;模糊度固定前,相应RMS仅为28～53cm）.展开更多
模糊度固定是提升精密单点定位精度和快速收敛的主要因素之一,相位偏差、硬件延迟与模糊度参数无法正确分离是导致模糊度非整数特性的主要原因。采用德国地学研究中心(GFZ)公开发布的包含相位偏差的整数钟产品GBM,并基于全球分布的5个M...模糊度固定是提升精密单点定位精度和快速收敛的主要因素之一,相位偏差、硬件延迟与模糊度参数无法正确分离是导致模糊度非整数特性的主要原因。采用德国地学研究中心(GFZ)公开发布的包含相位偏差的整数钟产品GBM,并基于全球分布的5个MGEX连续跟踪站年积日290~296的观测数据,对比分析单伽利略卫星导航系统(Galileo)精密单点定位(Precise Point Positioning,PPP)在固定解模式和浮点解模式下的定位精度和模糊度固定率。实验结果表明,模糊度固定模式下的定位精度,5个测站E方向提升都在83%以上,N方向提升在55%以上,U方向除了MATG测站,其他在65%以上,模糊度固定率方面,除了MATG站以外都优于60%。展开更多
Traditional positioning methods,such as conventional Real Time Kinematic(cRTK)rely upon local reference networks to enable users to achieve high-accuracy positioning.The need for such relatively dense networks has sig...Traditional positioning methods,such as conventional Real Time Kinematic(cRTK)rely upon local reference networks to enable users to achieve high-accuracy positioning.The need for such relatively dense networks has significant cost implications.Precise Point Positioning(PPP)on the other hand is a positioning method capable of centimeter-level positioning without the need for such local networks,hence providing significant cost benefits especially in remote areas.This paper presents the state-of-the-art PPP method using both GPS and GLONASS measurements to estimate the float position solution before attempting to resolve GPS integer ambiguities.Integrity monitoring is carried out using the Imperial College Carrier-phase Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring method.A new method to detect and exclude GPS base-satellite failures is developed.A base-satellite is a satellite whose measurements are differenced from other satellite’s measurements when using between-satellite-differenced measurements to estimate position.The failure detection and exclusion methods are tested using static GNSS data recorded by International GNSS Service stations both in static and dynamic processing modes.The results show that failure detection can be achieved in all cases tested and failure exclusion can be achieved for static cases.In the kinematic processing cases,failure exclusion is more difficult because the higher noise in the measurement residuals increases the difficulty to distinguish between failures associated with the base-satellite and other satellites.展开更多
文摘Precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution(PPP-AR)is a powerful tool for geodetic and time-constrained applications that require high precision.The performance of PPP-AR highly depends on the reliability of the correct integer carrier-phase ambiguity estimation.In this study,the performance of narrow-lane ambiguity resolution of PPP using the Least-squares AMBiguity Decorrelation(LAMBDA)and bootstrapping methods is extensively investigated using real data from 55 IGS stations over one-month in 2020.Static PPP with 24-,12-,8-,4-,2-,1-and½-h sessions using two different cutoff angles(7°and 30°)was conducted with three PPP modes:i.e.ambiguity-float and two kinds of ambiguity-fixed PPP using the LAMBDA and bootstrapping methods for narrow-lane AR,respectively.The results show that the LAMBDA method can produce more reliable results for 2 hour and shorter observation sessions com-pared with the bootstrapping method using a 7°cutoff angle.For a 30°cutoff angle,the LAMBDA method outperforms the bootstrapping method for observation sessions of 4 h and less.For long observation times,the bootstrapping method produced much more accurate coordinates compared with the LAMBDA method without considering the wrong fixes cases.The results also show that occurrences of fixing the wrong integer ambiguities using the bootstrapping method are higher than that of the LAMBDA method.
基金国家自然科学重点基金(41231064)国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB825604)+3 种基金国家高技术研究发展计划(2012AA121803)国家自然科学基金(41374043)大地测量与地球动力学国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLGED2013-1-6-E)the Positioning Program Project 1.19 "Multi-GNSS PPP-RTK Network Processing" of the Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information(CRC-SI)联合资助
文摘全球范围内大量布设的GNSS（Global Navigation Satellite System）参考网为精密定位、导航和授时等应用提供了丰富的数据资源.基于局域参考网,先后发展了若干侧重实现双频精密定位的技术,如NRTK（Network Real Time Kinematic）,PPP（Precise Point Positioning）和PPP-RTK等.其中,PPP-RTK融合了NRTK和PPP的技术优势,是目前相关研究的热点.本文改进了利用局域参考网提取各类改正信息的算法,以便于实现单频PPP-RTK,具体步骤包括：1）逐参考站实施非组合PPP,并固定已知站星距和卫星钟差,预估电离层延迟、浮点模糊度等参数;2）联合所有参考站的PPP模糊度预估值,通过重新参数化,形成一组双差整周模糊度和接收机、卫星相位偏差;3）固定双差整周模糊度,精化求解卫星相位偏差和各参考站PPP电离层延迟.基于网解中用到的卫星轨道和钟差,以及网解所提供的卫星相位偏差和（内插的）电离层延迟,参考网内的单频流动站即可实施PPP-RTK.基于澳大利亚某连续运行参考站网和流动站的实测数据,考察了：1）参考网数据处理中,双差模糊度的固定成功率（98.89%）和卫星相位偏差估值的时间稳定性（各连续弧段优于0.2周）;2）流动站处电离层延迟的内插精度（优于10cm）;3）单天内任一历元起算,固定静态（动态）单频PPP整周模糊度所需时长（均不超过10min）;4）模糊度固定前后,单频动态PPP的定位精度（模糊度固定后,平面和天顶RMS分别优于5cm和10cm;模糊度固定前,相应RMS仅为28～53cm）.
文摘将网络RTK(NRTK)与精密单点定位(PPP)技术优势融合的PPP-RTK技术,已经成为目前精密定位研究的热点.本文提出一种将模糊度快速固定的解决方案,优化了PPP-RTK的模糊度固定解的算法,使得模糊度估计可靠性提高.在实验中,利用国际GNSS服务(IGS)测站的实测数据进行了PPP-RTK定位解算.结果统计表明:利用该算法对静态数据进行定位处理,其中数据收敛时间达到厘米级需要20 min,其中在平面位置方向的定位精度优于3 cm,在高程方向上的定位精度优于5 cm.
文摘模糊度固定是提升精密单点定位精度和快速收敛的主要因素之一,相位偏差、硬件延迟与模糊度参数无法正确分离是导致模糊度非整数特性的主要原因。采用德国地学研究中心(GFZ)公开发布的包含相位偏差的整数钟产品GBM,并基于全球分布的5个MGEX连续跟踪站年积日290~296的观测数据,对比分析单伽利略卫星导航系统(Galileo)精密单点定位(Precise Point Positioning,PPP)在固定解模式和浮点解模式下的定位精度和模糊度固定率。实验结果表明,模糊度固定模式下的定位精度,5个测站E方向提升都在83%以上,N方向提升在55%以上,U方向除了MATG测站,其他在65%以上,模糊度固定率方面,除了MATG站以外都优于60%。
文摘Traditional positioning methods,such as conventional Real Time Kinematic(cRTK)rely upon local reference networks to enable users to achieve high-accuracy positioning.The need for such relatively dense networks has significant cost implications.Precise Point Positioning(PPP)on the other hand is a positioning method capable of centimeter-level positioning without the need for such local networks,hence providing significant cost benefits especially in remote areas.This paper presents the state-of-the-art PPP method using both GPS and GLONASS measurements to estimate the float position solution before attempting to resolve GPS integer ambiguities.Integrity monitoring is carried out using the Imperial College Carrier-phase Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring method.A new method to detect and exclude GPS base-satellite failures is developed.A base-satellite is a satellite whose measurements are differenced from other satellite’s measurements when using between-satellite-differenced measurements to estimate position.The failure detection and exclusion methods are tested using static GNSS data recorded by International GNSS Service stations both in static and dynamic processing modes.The results show that failure detection can be achieved in all cases tested and failure exclusion can be achieved for static cases.In the kinematic processing cases,failure exclusion is more difficult because the higher noise in the measurement residuals increases the difficulty to distinguish between failures associated with the base-satellite and other satellites.
