针对现有的M通道过采样图滤波器组整体性能较差的问题,该文提出一种过采样图滤波器组设计的新算法。在新算法中,分两步来设计图滤波器组。首先,从频谱特性方面考虑来设计分析滤波器,以分析滤波器的通带波纹和阻带能量为目标函数,以3 d ...针对现有的M通道过采样图滤波器组整体性能较差的问题,该文提出一种过采样图滤波器组设计的新算法。在新算法中,分两步来设计图滤波器组。首先,从频谱特性方面考虑来设计分析滤波器,以分析滤波器的通带波纹和阻带能量为目标函数,以3 d B约束为约束条件,通过半正定规划求解出频谱选择性较好的分析滤波器;然后,从完全重构特性方面考虑来设计综合滤波器,以综合滤波器的阻带能量为目标函数,以完全重构条件为约束函数。上述两个约束优化问题都是半正定规划问题,都可有效地求解。新算法综合考虑了滤波器组的重构特性和频率特性,因此可以设计得到整体性能良好的M通道双正交过采样的图滤波器组。仿真对比表明,与已有的设计算法相比,新算法设计所得的图滤波器组具备更小的重构误差。展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC) is fourth most common cancer in men and third in women worldwide. Developing a diagnostic panel of sensitive and specific biomarkers for the early detection of CRC is recognised as to be crucial...Colorectal cancer(CRC) is fourth most common cancer in men and third in women worldwide. Developing a diagnostic panel of sensitive and specific biomarkers for the early detection of CRC is recognised as to be crucial for early initial diagnosis, which in turn leads to better long term survival. Most of the research on novel potential CRC biomarkers in the last 2 decades has been focussed on stool DNA analysis. In this paper, we describe the recent advances in non-invasive CRC screening and more specifically in molecular assays for aberrantly methylated BMP3 and NDRG4 promoter regions. In several research papers these markers showed superior rates for sensitivity and specificity in comparison to previously described assays. These tests detected the majority of adenomas ≥ 1 cm in size and the detection rates progressively increased with larger adenomas. The methylation status of the BMP3 and NDRG4 promoters demonstrated effective detection of neoplasms at all sites throughout the colon and was not affected by common clinical variables. Recently, a multitarget stool DNA test consisting of molecular assays for aberrantly methylated BMP3 and NDRG4 promoter regions, mutant KRAS and immunochemical assay for human haemoglobin has been made commercially available and is currently reimbursed in the United States. Although this is the most sensitive noninvasive CRC screening test, there is the need for further research in several areas- establishment of the best timeframe for repeated DNA stool testing; validation of the results in populations outside of North America; usefulness for surveillance and prognosis of patients; cost-effectiveness of DNA stool testing in real-life populations.展开更多
文摘针对现有的M通道过采样图滤波器组整体性能较差的问题,该文提出一种过采样图滤波器组设计的新算法。在新算法中,分两步来设计图滤波器组。首先,从频谱特性方面考虑来设计分析滤波器,以分析滤波器的通带波纹和阻带能量为目标函数,以3 d B约束为约束条件,通过半正定规划求解出频谱选择性较好的分析滤波器;然后,从完全重构特性方面考虑来设计综合滤波器,以综合滤波器的阻带能量为目标函数,以完全重构条件为约束函数。上述两个约束优化问题都是半正定规划问题,都可有效地求解。新算法综合考虑了滤波器组的重构特性和频率特性,因此可以设计得到整体性能良好的M通道双正交过采样的图滤波器组。仿真对比表明,与已有的设计算法相比,新算法设计所得的图滤波器组具备更小的重构误差。
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is fourth most common cancer in men and third in women worldwide. Developing a diagnostic panel of sensitive and specific biomarkers for the early detection of CRC is recognised as to be crucial for early initial diagnosis, which in turn leads to better long term survival. Most of the research on novel potential CRC biomarkers in the last 2 decades has been focussed on stool DNA analysis. In this paper, we describe the recent advances in non-invasive CRC screening and more specifically in molecular assays for aberrantly methylated BMP3 and NDRG4 promoter regions. In several research papers these markers showed superior rates for sensitivity and specificity in comparison to previously described assays. These tests detected the majority of adenomas ≥ 1 cm in size and the detection rates progressively increased with larger adenomas. The methylation status of the BMP3 and NDRG4 promoters demonstrated effective detection of neoplasms at all sites throughout the colon and was not affected by common clinical variables. Recently, a multitarget stool DNA test consisting of molecular assays for aberrantly methylated BMP3 and NDRG4 promoter regions, mutant KRAS and immunochemical assay for human haemoglobin has been made commercially available and is currently reimbursed in the United States. Although this is the most sensitive noninvasive CRC screening test, there is the need for further research in several areas- establishment of the best timeframe for repeated DNA stool testing; validation of the results in populations outside of North America; usefulness for surveillance and prognosis of patients; cost-effectiveness of DNA stool testing in real-life populations.
