污染物释放和转移登记(Pollutant Release and Transfer Register,PRTR)制度是国际上重要的化学品环境管理制度,对推动化学品环境安全管理、企业环境信息公开和污染减排具有重要作用.我国虽开展过相关试点工作,但尚未真正建立起PRTR制度...污染物释放和转移登记(Pollutant Release and Transfer Register,PRTR)制度是国际上重要的化学品环境管理制度,对推动化学品环境安全管理、企业环境信息公开和污染减排具有重要作用.我国虽开展过相关试点工作,但尚未真正建立起PRTR制度.借鉴国际经验,建立我国PRTR制度,对补齐有毒有害化学品环境管理短板以及构建多方共治的现代化环境管理体系十分必要.该研究选取国际上7个规模较大且相对完善的PRTR制度作为研究对象,并选择两种特定的化学物质--汞和含汞化合物以及苯,对研究对象的核心技术要素进行横向对比,结果表明:研究对象的共同点为按照一套工业分类系统界定出需要管理的行业范围,设置分类管控的化学品清单,以及对不同化学品设定具体的报告阈值;不同点为覆盖化学品种类和分类方式不同以及报告阈值表征方式不同,且同一特定化学品的阈值设定不同,甚至差别较大.基于对比研究结果,总结国际经验,提出了建立实施我国PRTR制度的相关建议:①制定完善的PRTR核心技术体系,包括按照《国民经济行业分类》界定覆盖行业范围,参考加拿大和墨西哥PRTR制度设置分类管控的化学品清单,结合使用释放量阈值、生产加工和以其他方式使用量(MPO)阈值、企业规模阈值等表征方式分类设置化学品报告阈值;②从法律政策、社会认知和试点实践等方面逐步推动建立PRTR制度;③加强与美国、加拿大、欧盟和经合组织(OECD)等国家和组织的沟通合作,强化我国PRTR制度设计的国际规范性.展开更多
The integration and application of remote sensing （RS） and geographic in-formation system （GIS） in the study of the Land Use and Land Cover Change （LUCC） were summarized, as wel as researches on the monitoring d...The integration and application of remote sensing （RS） and geographic in-formation system （GIS） in the study of the Land Use and Land Cover Change （LUCC） were summarized, as wel as researches on the monitoring dynamic changes in LUCC, driving force and application examples of the integration and the application of RS and GIS in simulation research. The methods and technical ap-proaches of RS and GIS in LUCC research were discussed. Views on the existing problems of the integration and the application of RS and GIS were put forward, and the future developing direction of LUCC technology was forecasted.展开更多
Owing to the dramatic mobile IP growth,the emerging Internet of Things,and cloud-based applications,wireless networking is witnessing a paradigm shift.By fully exploiting spatial degrees of freedom,massive multiple-in...Owing to the dramatic mobile IP growth,the emerging Internet of Things,and cloud-based applications,wireless networking is witnessing a paradigm shift.By fully exploiting spatial degrees of freedom,massive multiple-input-multiple-output(MIMO) systems promise significant gains in data rates and link reliability.Although the research community has recognized the theoretical benefits of these systems,building the hardware of such complex systems is a challenge in practice.This paper presents a time division duplex(TDD)-based 128-antenna massive MIMO prototype system from theory to reality.First,an analytical signal model is provided to facilitate the setup of a feasible massive MIMO prototype system.Second,a link-level simulation consistent with practical TDDbased massive MIMO systems is conducted to guide and validate the massive MIMO system design.We design and implement the TDDbased 128-antenna massive MIMO prototype system with the guidelines obtained from the link-level simulation.Uplink real-time video transmission and downlink data transmission under the configuration of multiple single-antenna users are achieved.Comparisons withstate-of-the-art prototypes demonstrate the advantages of the proposed system in terms of antenna number,bandwidth,latency,and throughput.The proposed system is also equipped with scalability,which makes the system applicable to a wide range of massive scenarios.展开更多
Genome-wide and candidate gene association studies have identified several variants that predispose indi- viduals to developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）. However, the gene that has been consis- tentl...Genome-wide and candidate gene association studies have identified several variants that predispose indi- viduals to developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）. However, the gene that has been consis- tently involved in the genetic susceptibility of NAFLD in humans is patatin-like phospholipase domain contain- ing 3 （PNPLA3, also known as adiponutrin）. A nonsyn- onymous single nucleotide polymorphism in PNPLA3 （rs738409 C/G, a coding variant that encodes an amino acid substitution I148M） is significantly associated with fatty liver and histological disease severity, not only in adults but also in children. Nevertheless, how PNPLA3 influences the biology of fatty liver disease is still an open question. A recent article describes new aspects about PNPLA3 gene/protein function and suggests that the I148M variant promotes hepatic lipid synthesis due to a gain of function. We revise here the published data about the role of the I148M variant in lipogen- esis/lipolysis, and suggest putative areas of future research. For instance we explored in silico whether the rs738409 C or G alleles have the ability to modify miRNA binding sites and miRNA gene regulation, and we found that prediction of PNPLA3 target miRNAs shows two miRNAs potentially interacting in the 3＇ UTR region （hsa-miR-769-3p and hsa-miR-516a-3p）. In addition, interesting unanswered questions remain to be explored. For example, PNPLA3 lies between two CCCTC-binding factor-bound sites that could be tested for insulator activity, and an intronic histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation peak predicts an enhancer element, cor- roborated by the DNase I hypersensitivity site peak. Finally, an interaction between PNPLA3 and glycerol- 3-phosphate acyltransferase 2 is suggested by data miming.展开更多
To better improve the emergency communication and location-based services of disaster information reporting network for serious natural response and relieL disaster emergency the national natural disaster reduction ap...To better improve the emergency communication and location-based services of disaster information reporting network for serious natural response and relieL disaster emergency the national natural disaster reduction application platform based on BeiDou navigation satellite system is constructed. The administrative distributed platform is integrated with BeiDou positioning and multiple communication ways so as to achieve main disaster reduction application services, including disaster information acquisition and monitoring, emergency relief for trapped people, on-site emergency relief command service, relief supplies＇ transportation monitoring, and disaster information publishing service. By the platform, serious disaster information reporting time may be reduced to one hour and the emergency decision-making information service for serious natural disasters can be effectively improved, and it will be helpful to provide technical references for the industrial application and promotion of BeiDou inte- grated disaster reduction.展开更多
This paper describes the fundamentals of cloud computing and current big-data key technologies. We categorize big-da- ta processing as batch-based, stream-based, graph-based, DAG-based, interactive-based, or visual-ba...This paper describes the fundamentals of cloud computing and current big-data key technologies. We categorize big-da- ta processing as batch-based, stream-based, graph-based, DAG-based, interactive-based, or visual-based according to the processing technique. We highlight the strengths and weaknesses of various big-data cloud processing techniques in order to help the big-data community select the appropri- ate processing technique. We also provide big data research challenges and future directions in aspect to transportation management systems.展开更多
Compared with traditional aggregates,spherical aggregates with high flowability,easy control of particle size distribution and favor of dense packing and so on,are expected to replace traditional aggregates as importa...Compared with traditional aggregates,spherical aggregates with high flowability,easy control of particle size distribution and favor of dense packing and so on,are expected to replace traditional aggregates as important raw materials for future high performance refractories. Therefore,investigation of effects of spherical aggregates addition on properties of refractories becomes very meaningful. Using A70 mullite traditional aggregates and A70 mullite spherical aggregates, bauxite homogenization powder,microsilica,and calcium aluminate cement as raw materials,different AlO-SiOsystem low cement castables were prepared by replacing conventional aggregates with spherical aggregates. The effect of spherical aggregates addition on workability and mechanical properties of castables after heated at different temperatures was researched,and microstructure of the specimen was analyzed by SEM. Compared with traditional irregularly shaped aggregates,spherical aggregates endow castables with better flowability and easy pump ability. By introduction of spherical aggregates into the castables,flowability and pumpability are significantly improved,and water addition and ball completely sunk time are reduced. The introduction of spherical aggregates is favorable to density and cold crushing strength of castables,but unfavorable to CMOR. The effect of spherical aggregates addition on HMOR at1 400 ℃ can be negligible. Microstructure analysis showsthat the boundary bonding between spherical aggregates and matrix is strong,similar to the traditional aggregates.展开更多
AIM:To investigate morphological changes of intestinal smooth muscle contractile fibres in small bowel atresia patients.METHODS:Resected small bowel specimens from small bowel atresia patients(n = 12) were divided int...AIM:To investigate morphological changes of intestinal smooth muscle contractile fibres in small bowel atresia patients.METHODS:Resected small bowel specimens from small bowel atresia patients(n = 12) were divided into three sections(proximal,atretic and distal).Standard histology hematoxylin-eosin staining and enzyme immunohistochemistry was performed to visualize smooth muscle contractile markers-smooth muscle actin(SMA) and desmin using conventional paraffin sections of the proximal and distal bowel.Small bowel from agematched patients(n = 2) undergoing Meckel's diverticulum resection served as controls.RESULTS:The smooth muscle coat in the proximal bowel of small bowel atresia patients was thickened compared with control tissue,but the distal bowel was unchanged.Expression of smooth muscle contractile fibres SMA and desmin within the proximal bowel was slightly reduced compared with the distal bowel and control tissue.There were no major differences in the architecture of the smooth muscle within the proximal bowel and the distal bowel.The proximal and distal bowel in small bowel atresia patients revealed only minimal differences regarding smooth muscle morphology and the presence of smooth muscle contractile filament markers.CONCLUSION:Changes in smooth muscle contractile filaments do not appear to play a major role in postoperative motility disorders in small bowel atresia.展开更多
An artificial neural networks(ANNs) based gear material selection hybrid intelligent system is established by analyzing the individual advantages and weakness of expert system (ES) and ANNs and the applications in mat...An artificial neural networks(ANNs) based gear material selection hybrid intelligent system is established by analyzing the individual advantages and weakness of expert system (ES) and ANNs and the applications in material select of them. The system mainly consists of tow parts: ES and ANNs. By being trained with much data samples, the back propagation (BP) ANN gets the knowledge of gear materials selection, and is able to inference according to user input. The system realizes the complementing of ANNs and ES. Using this system, engineers without materials selection experience can conveniently deal with gear materials selection.展开更多
This paper deals with the time evolution of information entropy for a stochastic system with double singularities driven by quasimonochromatic noise. The dimension of the Fokker Planck equation is reduced by the linea...This paper deals with the time evolution of information entropy for a stochastic system with double singularities driven by quasimonochromatic noise. The dimension of the Fokker Planck equation is reduced by the linear transfor- mation. The exact expression of the time dependence of information entropy is obtained based on the definition of Shannon＇s information entropy. The relationships between the properties of dissipative parameters, system singularity strength parameter, quasimonochromatic noise, and their effects on information entropy are discussed.展开更多
文摘污染物释放和转移登记(Pollutant Release and Transfer Register,PRTR)制度是国际上重要的化学品环境管理制度,对推动化学品环境安全管理、企业环境信息公开和污染减排具有重要作用.我国虽开展过相关试点工作,但尚未真正建立起PRTR制度.借鉴国际经验,建立我国PRTR制度,对补齐有毒有害化学品环境管理短板以及构建多方共治的现代化环境管理体系十分必要.该研究选取国际上7个规模较大且相对完善的PRTR制度作为研究对象,并选择两种特定的化学物质--汞和含汞化合物以及苯,对研究对象的核心技术要素进行横向对比,结果表明:研究对象的共同点为按照一套工业分类系统界定出需要管理的行业范围,设置分类管控的化学品清单,以及对不同化学品设定具体的报告阈值;不同点为覆盖化学品种类和分类方式不同以及报告阈值表征方式不同,且同一特定化学品的阈值设定不同,甚至差别较大.基于对比研究结果,总结国际经验,提出了建立实施我国PRTR制度的相关建议:①制定完善的PRTR核心技术体系,包括按照《国民经济行业分类》界定覆盖行业范围,参考加拿大和墨西哥PRTR制度设置分类管控的化学品清单,结合使用释放量阈值、生产加工和以其他方式使用量(MPO)阈值、企业规模阈值等表征方式分类设置化学品报告阈值;②从法律政策、社会认知和试点实践等方面逐步推动建立PRTR制度;③加强与美国、加拿大、欧盟和经合组织(OECD)等国家和组织的沟通合作,强化我国PRTR制度设计的国际规范性.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program(2012BAD15B03)the Sino-German Cooperation Program for Agricultural Technology(16/10-11 CHN37)~~
文摘The integration and application of remote sensing （RS） and geographic in-formation system （GIS） in the study of the Land Use and Land Cover Change （LUCC） were summarized, as wel as researches on the monitoring dynamic changes in LUCC, driving force and application examples of the integration and the application of RS and GIS in simulation research. The methods and technical ap-proaches of RS and GIS in LUCC research were discussed. Views on the existing problems of the integration and the application of RS and GIS were put forward, and the future developing direction of LUCC technology was forecasted.
基金supported in part by the National Science Foundation(NSFC) for Distinguished Young Scholars of China with Grant 61625106the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61531011the Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China(2016YFE0123100)
文摘Owing to the dramatic mobile IP growth,the emerging Internet of Things,and cloud-based applications,wireless networking is witnessing a paradigm shift.By fully exploiting spatial degrees of freedom,massive multiple-input-multiple-output(MIMO) systems promise significant gains in data rates and link reliability.Although the research community has recognized the theoretical benefits of these systems,building the hardware of such complex systems is a challenge in practice.This paper presents a time division duplex(TDD)-based 128-antenna massive MIMO prototype system from theory to reality.First,an analytical signal model is provided to facilitate the setup of a feasible massive MIMO prototype system.Second,a link-level simulation consistent with practical TDDbased massive MIMO systems is conducted to guide and validate the massive MIMO system design.We design and implement the TDDbased 128-antenna massive MIMO prototype system with the guidelines obtained from the link-level simulation.Uplink real-time video transmission and downlink data transmission under the configuration of multiple single-antenna users are achieved.Comparisons withstate-of-the-art prototypes demonstrate the advantages of the proposed system in terms of antenna number,bandwidth,latency,and throughput.The proposed system is also equipped with scalability,which makes the system applicable to a wide range of massive scenarios.
基金Supported by Grants PICT 2008-1521 and PICT 2010 0441,from National Agency for Science and TechnologyUBACYT CM04,from Universidad de Buenos AiresSookoian S and Pirola CJ belong to National Council of Scientific and Technical Research
文摘Genome-wide and candidate gene association studies have identified several variants that predispose indi- viduals to developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）. However, the gene that has been consis- tently involved in the genetic susceptibility of NAFLD in humans is patatin-like phospholipase domain contain- ing 3 （PNPLA3, also known as adiponutrin）. A nonsyn- onymous single nucleotide polymorphism in PNPLA3 （rs738409 C/G, a coding variant that encodes an amino acid substitution I148M） is significantly associated with fatty liver and histological disease severity, not only in adults but also in children. Nevertheless, how PNPLA3 influences the biology of fatty liver disease is still an open question. A recent article describes new aspects about PNPLA3 gene/protein function and suggests that the I148M variant promotes hepatic lipid synthesis due to a gain of function. We revise here the published data about the role of the I148M variant in lipogen- esis/lipolysis, and suggest putative areas of future research. For instance we explored in silico whether the rs738409 C or G alleles have the ability to modify miRNA binding sites and miRNA gene regulation, and we found that prediction of PNPLA3 target miRNAs shows two miRNAs potentially interacting in the 3＇ UTR region （hsa-miR-769-3p and hsa-miR-516a-3p）. In addition, interesting unanswered questions remain to be explored. For example, PNPLA3 lies between two CCCTC-binding factor-bound sites that could be tested for insulator activity, and an intronic histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation peak predicts an enhancer element, cor- roborated by the DNase I hypersensitivity site peak. Finally, an interaction between PNPLA3 and glycerol- 3-phosphate acyltransferase 2 is suggested by data miming.
基金supported by National Bei Dou Special Project and National Science & Technology planning project of China (Grant No. 2014BAK12B04)
文摘To better improve the emergency communication and location-based services of disaster information reporting network for serious natural response and relieL disaster emergency the national natural disaster reduction application platform based on BeiDou navigation satellite system is constructed. The administrative distributed platform is integrated with BeiDou positioning and multiple communication ways so as to achieve main disaster reduction application services, including disaster information acquisition and monitoring, emergency relief for trapped people, on-site emergency relief command service, relief supplies＇ transportation monitoring, and disaster information publishing service. By the platform, serious disaster information reporting time may be reduced to one hour and the emergency decision-making information service for serious natural disasters can be effectively improved, and it will be helpful to provide technical references for the industrial application and promotion of BeiDou inte- grated disaster reduction.
基金supported in part by the National Basic Research Program(973 Program,No.2015CB352400)NSFC under grant U1401258U.S NSF under grant CCF-1016966
文摘This paper describes the fundamentals of cloud computing and current big-data key technologies. We categorize big-da- ta processing as batch-based, stream-based, graph-based, DAG-based, interactive-based, or visual-based according to the processing technique. We highlight the strengths and weaknesses of various big-data cloud processing techniques in order to help the big-data community select the appropri- ate processing technique. We also provide big data research challenges and future directions in aspect to transportation management systems.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( Grant No.51402089)the Plan of Young-backbone Teachers of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province ( Project No.2015GGJS-045)
文摘Compared with traditional aggregates,spherical aggregates with high flowability,easy control of particle size distribution and favor of dense packing and so on,are expected to replace traditional aggregates as important raw materials for future high performance refractories. Therefore,investigation of effects of spherical aggregates addition on properties of refractories becomes very meaningful. Using A70 mullite traditional aggregates and A70 mullite spherical aggregates, bauxite homogenization powder,microsilica,and calcium aluminate cement as raw materials,different AlO-SiOsystem low cement castables were prepared by replacing conventional aggregates with spherical aggregates. The effect of spherical aggregates addition on workability and mechanical properties of castables after heated at different temperatures was researched,and microstructure of the specimen was analyzed by SEM. Compared with traditional irregularly shaped aggregates,spherical aggregates endow castables with better flowability and easy pump ability. By introduction of spherical aggregates into the castables,flowability and pumpability are significantly improved,and water addition and ball completely sunk time are reduced. The introduction of spherical aggregates is favorable to density and cold crushing strength of castables,but unfavorable to CMOR. The effect of spherical aggregates addition on HMOR at1 400 ℃ can be negligible. Microstructure analysis showsthat the boundary bonding between spherical aggregates and matrix is strong,similar to the traditional aggregates.
文摘AIM:To investigate morphological changes of intestinal smooth muscle contractile fibres in small bowel atresia patients.METHODS:Resected small bowel specimens from small bowel atresia patients(n = 12) were divided into three sections(proximal,atretic and distal).Standard histology hematoxylin-eosin staining and enzyme immunohistochemistry was performed to visualize smooth muscle contractile markers-smooth muscle actin(SMA) and desmin using conventional paraffin sections of the proximal and distal bowel.Small bowel from agematched patients(n = 2) undergoing Meckel's diverticulum resection served as controls.RESULTS:The smooth muscle coat in the proximal bowel of small bowel atresia patients was thickened compared with control tissue,but the distal bowel was unchanged.Expression of smooth muscle contractile fibres SMA and desmin within the proximal bowel was slightly reduced compared with the distal bowel and control tissue.There were no major differences in the architecture of the smooth muscle within the proximal bowel and the distal bowel.The proximal and distal bowel in small bowel atresia patients revealed only minimal differences regarding smooth muscle morphology and the presence of smooth muscle contractile filament markers.CONCLUSION:Changes in smooth muscle contractile filaments do not appear to play a major role in postoperative motility disorders in small bowel atresia.
文摘An artificial neural networks(ANNs) based gear material selection hybrid intelligent system is established by analyzing the individual advantages and weakness of expert system (ES) and ANNs and the applications in material select of them. The system mainly consists of tow parts: ES and ANNs. By being trained with much data samples, the back propagation (BP) ANN gets the knowledge of gear materials selection, and is able to inference according to user input. The system realizes the complementing of ANNs and ES. Using this system, engineers without materials selection experience can conveniently deal with gear materials selection.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11102132)
文摘This paper deals with the time evolution of information entropy for a stochastic system with double singularities driven by quasimonochromatic noise. The dimension of the Fokker Planck equation is reduced by the linear transfor- mation. The exact expression of the time dependence of information entropy is obtained based on the definition of Shannon＇s information entropy. The relationships between the properties of dissipative parameters, system singularity strength parameter, quasimonochromatic noise, and their effects on information entropy are discussed.
