Objective: To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral intervention on plasma cortisol in patients with breast cancer PTSD before surgery. Methods: SCL-90, EPQ-N and cognitive behavior intervention were performe...Objective: To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral intervention on plasma cortisol in patients with breast cancer PTSD before surgery. Methods: SCL-90, EPQ-N and cognitive behavior intervention were performed on 30 patients with PTSD, 30 patients without PTSD and 30 normal subjects, and their fasting blood was collected to analyze cortisol in the morning. Results: The scores of SCL-90 and EPQ-N in patients with breast cancer PTSD were significantly higher than those in non-PTSD patients and normal subjects (P < 0.01). After cognitive behavioral intervention, the plasma cortisol level of breast cancer PTSD patients was significantly decreased (P Conclusion: Compared with non-PTSD breast cancer patients and normal control group, breast cancer PTSD patients had more serious psychological problems, worse emotional stability and higher plasma cortisol level. Cognitive-behavioral intervention can effectively reduce plasma cortisol levels in breast cancer patients with PTSD.展开更多
Background:Posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)has been associated with volumetric and white matter microstructural changes among general and veteran populations.However,regions implicated have greatly varied and often...Background:Posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)has been associated with volumetric and white matter microstructural changes among general and veteran populations.However,regions implicated have greatly varied and often conflict between studies,potentially due to confounding comorbidities within samples.This study compared grey matter volume and white matter microstructure among Australian combat veterans with and without a lifetime diagnosis of PTSD,in a homogenous sample assessed for known confounding comorbidities.Methods:Sixty-eight male trauma-exposed veterans(16 PTSD-diagnosed;mean age 69 years)completed a battery of psychometric assessments and underwent magnetic resonance and diffusion tensor imaging.Analyses included tractbased spatial statistics,voxel-wise analyses,diffusion connectome-based group-wise analysis,and volumetric analysis.Results:Significantly smaller grey matter volumes were observed in the left prefrontal cortex(P=0.026),bilateral middle frontal gyrus(P=0.021),and left anterior insula(P=0.048)in the PTSD group compared to controls.Significant negative correlations were found between PTSD symptom severity and fractional anisotropy values in the left corticospinal tract(R^(2)=0.34,P=0.024)and left inferior cerebellar peduncle(R^(2)=0.62,P=0.016).No connectome-based differences in white matter properties were observed.Conclusions:Findings from this study reinforce reports of white matter alterations,as indicated by reduced fractional anisotropy values,in relation to PTSD symptom severity,as well as patterns of reduced volume in the prefrontal cortex.These results contribute to the developing profile of neuroanatomical differences uniquely attributable to veterans who suffer from chronic PTSD.展开更多
Background: COVID-19 was declared a worldwide pandemic by the World Health Organization in 2020. Many pieces of research have been published on the virus’s pattern and transmission routes, and a few studies have been...Background: COVID-19 was declared a worldwide pandemic by the World Health Organization in 2020. Many pieces of research have been published on the virus’s pattern and transmission routes, and a few studies have been published on its psychological repercussions for the general public and health care workers in particular. We aimed in this study to figure out the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of health care workers in the Jazan region and compare it to non-health care workers. Results: There were 221 participants in this study conducted in the Jazan region KSA, during the first part of 2022. 117 participants were non-HCWs (Health Care Workers) and 104 participants were HCWs. 31.7% of HCWs had high score of PTSD symptoms which may suppress their immunity, PTSD was a clinical concern in 12.5%, 6.7% had probable PTSD, and 49% had no PTSD. The average PTSD score in HCWs was 26.14. In contrast, the great majority of non-HCWs (69.2%) had no PTSD;PTSD was a clinical concern in 16.2%, 11.1% had a score indicating PTSD had the potential for immunosuppression, and 3.4% had probable PTSD. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic did not affect just those who were infected with the virus, nor was it restricted to the mental health of those afflicted;rather, the influence expanded until it reached the general public and, in particular, those who had contact with patients, such as health care workers. As a result, mental health investigation, follow-up, and therapy are required to preserve the mental health of health care workers as well as the general population.展开更多
It is established in the psychological literature that pre-displacement stressors,PTSD symptoms,and psycholo-gical distress are associated among internally displaced persons.However,existing studies have not demonstra...It is established in the psychological literature that pre-displacement stressors,PTSD symptoms,and psycholo-gical distress are associated among internally displaced persons.However,existing studies have not demonstrated the mechanism underlying these associations.This study compared two explanatory models;one with PTSD symptoms severity explaining the indirect association between pre-displacement stressors and psychological dis-tress,and the other with psychological distress explaining the indirect relationship between pre-displacement stressors and PTSD symptoms severity.In a cross-sectional design,631 women(Mean age=31.18±8.59)were conveniently and purposely selected from the displaced women harboured in two camps in Borno State,Nigeria,due to the Boko-Haram insurgency.Data were collected utilizing structured questionnaires and subjected to path analyses.Results demonstrated that PTSD symptoms severity and psychological distress indirectly explained their respective and independent association with pre-displacement stressors.However,PTSD symptoms had a statis-tically larger standardized indirect effect size,greater indirect effect percentage,and bigger kappa-squared(k2)effect size than psychological distress.PTSD symptoms and psychological distress may have a reciprocal influence on each other from pre-displacement stressors.However,PTSD symptoms can better explain the association between pre-displacement stressors and psychological distress than the other way around.These outcomes have important implications for the psychological treatment of displaced persons.展开更多
Background: Workplace violence (WV) towards psychiatric staff has commonly been associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, prospective studies have shown that not all psychiatric staff who experien...Background: Workplace violence (WV) towards psychiatric staff has commonly been associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, prospective studies have shown that not all psychiatric staff who experience workplace violence experience post-traumatic stress. Purpose: We want to examine the longitudinal trajectories of PTSD in this population to identify possible subgroups that might be more at risk. Furthermore, we need to investigate whether certain risk factors of PTSD might identify membership in the subgroups. Method: In a sample of psychiatric staff from 18 psychiatric wards in Denmark who had reported an incident of WV, we used Latent Growth Mixture Modelling (LGMM) and further logistic regression analysis to investigate this. Results: We found three separate PTSD trajectories: a recovering, a delayed-onset, and a moderate-stable trajectory. Higher social support and negative cognitive appraisals about oneself, the world and self-blame predicted membership in the delayed-onset trajectory, while higher social support and lower accept coping predicted membership in the delayed-onset trajectory. Conclusion: Although most psychiatric staff go through a natural recovery, it is important to be aware of and identify staff members who might be struggling long-term. More focus on the factors that might predict these groups should be an important task for psychiatric departments to prevent posttraumatic symptomatology from work.展开更多
文摘Objective: To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral intervention on plasma cortisol in patients with breast cancer PTSD before surgery. Methods: SCL-90, EPQ-N and cognitive behavior intervention were performed on 30 patients with PTSD, 30 patients without PTSD and 30 normal subjects, and their fasting blood was collected to analyze cortisol in the morning. Results: The scores of SCL-90 and EPQ-N in patients with breast cancer PTSD were significantly higher than those in non-PTSD patients and normal subjects (P < 0.01). After cognitive behavioral intervention, the plasma cortisol level of breast cancer PTSD patients was significantly decreased (P Conclusion: Compared with non-PTSD breast cancer patients and normal control group, breast cancer PTSD patients had more serious psychological problems, worse emotional stability and higher plasma cortisol level. Cognitive-behavioral intervention can effectively reduce plasma cortisol levels in breast cancer patients with PTSD.
基金RSL Queensland funded this study as part of the PTSD Initiative at the Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation.The Australian Government Department of Veterans’Affairs provided transport for eligible participants。
文摘Background:Posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)has been associated with volumetric and white matter microstructural changes among general and veteran populations.However,regions implicated have greatly varied and often conflict between studies,potentially due to confounding comorbidities within samples.This study compared grey matter volume and white matter microstructure among Australian combat veterans with and without a lifetime diagnosis of PTSD,in a homogenous sample assessed for known confounding comorbidities.Methods:Sixty-eight male trauma-exposed veterans(16 PTSD-diagnosed;mean age 69 years)completed a battery of psychometric assessments and underwent magnetic resonance and diffusion tensor imaging.Analyses included tractbased spatial statistics,voxel-wise analyses,diffusion connectome-based group-wise analysis,and volumetric analysis.Results:Significantly smaller grey matter volumes were observed in the left prefrontal cortex(P=0.026),bilateral middle frontal gyrus(P=0.021),and left anterior insula(P=0.048)in the PTSD group compared to controls.Significant negative correlations were found between PTSD symptom severity and fractional anisotropy values in the left corticospinal tract(R^(2)=0.34,P=0.024)and left inferior cerebellar peduncle(R^(2)=0.62,P=0.016).No connectome-based differences in white matter properties were observed.Conclusions:Findings from this study reinforce reports of white matter alterations,as indicated by reduced fractional anisotropy values,in relation to PTSD symptom severity,as well as patterns of reduced volume in the prefrontal cortex.These results contribute to the developing profile of neuroanatomical differences uniquely attributable to veterans who suffer from chronic PTSD.
文摘Background: COVID-19 was declared a worldwide pandemic by the World Health Organization in 2020. Many pieces of research have been published on the virus’s pattern and transmission routes, and a few studies have been published on its psychological repercussions for the general public and health care workers in particular. We aimed in this study to figure out the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of health care workers in the Jazan region and compare it to non-health care workers. Results: There were 221 participants in this study conducted in the Jazan region KSA, during the first part of 2022. 117 participants were non-HCWs (Health Care Workers) and 104 participants were HCWs. 31.7% of HCWs had high score of PTSD symptoms which may suppress their immunity, PTSD was a clinical concern in 12.5%, 6.7% had probable PTSD, and 49% had no PTSD. The average PTSD score in HCWs was 26.14. In contrast, the great majority of non-HCWs (69.2%) had no PTSD;PTSD was a clinical concern in 16.2%, 11.1% had a score indicating PTSD had the potential for immunosuppression, and 3.4% had probable PTSD. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic did not affect just those who were infected with the virus, nor was it restricted to the mental health of those afflicted;rather, the influence expanded until it reached the general public and, in particular, those who had contact with patients, such as health care workers. As a result, mental health investigation, follow-up, and therapy are required to preserve the mental health of health care workers as well as the general population.
基金the National Institutes of Health(NIH)/Fogarty International Centre(5D43TW007278-13).
文摘It is established in the psychological literature that pre-displacement stressors,PTSD symptoms,and psycholo-gical distress are associated among internally displaced persons.However,existing studies have not demonstrated the mechanism underlying these associations.This study compared two explanatory models;one with PTSD symptoms severity explaining the indirect association between pre-displacement stressors and psychological dis-tress,and the other with psychological distress explaining the indirect relationship between pre-displacement stressors and PTSD symptoms severity.In a cross-sectional design,631 women(Mean age=31.18±8.59)were conveniently and purposely selected from the displaced women harboured in two camps in Borno State,Nigeria,due to the Boko-Haram insurgency.Data were collected utilizing structured questionnaires and subjected to path analyses.Results demonstrated that PTSD symptoms severity and psychological distress indirectly explained their respective and independent association with pre-displacement stressors.However,PTSD symptoms had a statis-tically larger standardized indirect effect size,greater indirect effect percentage,and bigger kappa-squared(k2)effect size than psychological distress.PTSD symptoms and psychological distress may have a reciprocal influence on each other from pre-displacement stressors.However,PTSD symptoms can better explain the association between pre-displacement stressors and psychological distress than the other way around.These outcomes have important implications for the psychological treatment of displaced persons.
文摘Background: Workplace violence (WV) towards psychiatric staff has commonly been associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, prospective studies have shown that not all psychiatric staff who experience workplace violence experience post-traumatic stress. Purpose: We want to examine the longitudinal trajectories of PTSD in this population to identify possible subgroups that might be more at risk. Furthermore, we need to investigate whether certain risk factors of PTSD might identify membership in the subgroups. Method: In a sample of psychiatric staff from 18 psychiatric wards in Denmark who had reported an incident of WV, we used Latent Growth Mixture Modelling (LGMM) and further logistic regression analysis to investigate this. Results: We found three separate PTSD trajectories: a recovering, a delayed-onset, and a moderate-stable trajectory. Higher social support and negative cognitive appraisals about oneself, the world and self-blame predicted membership in the delayed-onset trajectory, while higher social support and lower accept coping predicted membership in the delayed-onset trajectory. Conclusion: Although most psychiatric staff go through a natural recovery, it is important to be aware of and identify staff members who might be struggling long-term. More focus on the factors that might predict these groups should be an important task for psychiatric departments to prevent posttraumatic symptomatology from work.
