The Method for Optimum Design of Water Rocket Flight Stability Performance Conditions Using CAE with T Method and Robust Parameter Design

A water rocket is a rocket system that obtains thrust by injecting water with compressed air of up to about 8 atmospheres. It is usually manufactured using a pressure-resistant PET bottle. The mechanical elements and principles contained in the water rocket have much in common with the actual small rocket system, and are suitable as educational and research teaching materials in the field of mechanics. Especially in the field of disaster prevention and mitigation, the use of water rockets is being researched and developed as a rescue tool in the event of a flood or earthquake as a disaster countermeasure. However, since the water rocket is a flying object based on the mechanical principle, it is important to ensure the accuracy and stability of the flight path. In this paper, a mechanical simulator is developed with a numerical calculation program based on the mechanical consideration of water rocket flight performance. In addition, the correlation between the flight distance obtained in the simulation and the estimated flight distance is analyzed by applying a multivariate analysis method and verifying the validity of the flight distance calculated from the result. Based on the verification results, we will apply a statistical optimization method to approach the optimization of flight stability performance conditions for water rockets.

A New Result on Regular Designs under Baseline Parameterization

The study on designs for the baseline parameterization has aroused attention in recent years. This paper focuses on two-level regular designs for the baseline parameterization. A general result on the relationship between K-aberration and word length pattern is developed.

Review of Design of Process Parameters for Squeeze Casting

Squeeze casting(SC)is an advanced net manufacturing process with many advantages for which the quality and properties of the manufactured parts depend strongly on the process parameters.Unfortunately,a universal efficient method for the determination of optimal process parameters is still unavailable.In view of the shortcomings and development needs of the current research methods for the setting of SC process parameters,by consulting and analyzing the recent research literature on SC process parameters and using the CiteSpace literature analysis software,manual reading and statistical analysis,the current state and characteristics of the research methods used for the determination of SC process parameters are summarized.The literature data show that the number of pub-lications in the literature related to the design of SC process parameters generally trends upward albeit with signifi-cant fluctuations.Analysis of the research focus shows that both“mechanical properties”and“microstructure”are the two main subjects in the studies of SC process parameters.With regard to materials,aluminum alloys have been extensively studied.Five methods have been used to obtain SC process parameters:Physical experiments,numeri-cal simulation,modeling optimization,formula calculation,and the use of empirical values.Physical experiments are the main research methods.The main methods for designing SC process parameters are divided into three categories:Fully experimental methods,optimization methods that involve modeling based on experimental data,and theoreti-cal calculation methods that involve establishing an analytical formula.The research characteristics and shortcomings of each method were analyzed.Numerical simulations and model-based optimization have become the new required methods.Considering the development needs and data-driven trends of the SC process,suggestions for the develop-ment of SC process parameter research have been proposed.

Uncertainty analysis for the calculation of marine environmental design parameters in the South China Sea

The calculation results of marine environmental design parameters obtained from different data sampling methods,model distributions,and parameter estimation methods often vary greatly.To better analyze the uncertainties in the calculation of marine environmental design parameters,a general model uncertainty assessment method is necessary.We proposed a new multivariate model uncertainty assessment method for the calculation of marine environmental design parameters.The method divides the overall model uncertainty into two categories:aleatory uncertainty and epistemic uncertainty.The aleatory uncertainty of the model is obtained by analyzing the influence of the number and the dispersion degree of samples on the information entropy of the model.The epistemic uncertainty of the model is calculated using the information entropy of the model itself and the prediction error.The advantages of this method are that it does not require many-year-observation data for the marine environmental elements,and the method can be used to analyze any specific factors that cause model uncertainty.Results show that by applying the method to the South China Sea,the aleatory uncertainty of the model increases with the number of samples and then stabilizes.A positive correlation was revealed between the dispersion of the samples and the aleatory uncertainty of the model.Both the distribution of the model and the parameter estimation results of the model have significant effects on the epistemic uncertainty of the model.When the goodness-of-fit of the model is relatively close,the best model can be selected according to the criterion of the lowest overall uncertainty of the models,which can both ensure a better model fit and avoid too much uncertainty in the model calculation results.The presented multivariate model uncertainty assessment method provides a criterion to measure the advantages and disadvantages of the marine environmental design parameter calculation model from the aspect of uncertainty,which is of great significance to analyze the uncertainties in the calculation of marine environmental design parameters and improve the accuracy of the calculation results.

A global solution for robust parameter design of aeronautical electrical apparatus based on interactions analysis and polynomial fitting

Robust Parameter Design(RPD) has been widely applied for improving quality and reliability of products.One of the key drawbacks of applying RPD using Taguchi method is that the stable factors may not be independent of the adjustment factors, resulting in unsatisfactory design.Moreover, the Taguchi method cannot guarantee global optimality since the levels set in the experiment are usually discrete to ensure orthogonal design.In this paper, robust solutions of the stable factors are obtained via a nonlinear model based on polynomial fitting;while the adjustment factors are obtained via interactions analysis so that they are independent of the stable factors.In particular, the values of the adjustment factors are determined by output offset compensation so as to achieve robustness of the design scheme.An example on the design of an aeronautical electrical apparatus is presented to illustrate the procedure.The results show that the proposed method can take full advantage of the nonlinearity in the response and achieve the desired outcome.

3D structure parameterization design and modeling for irregular structure of stope bottom

Stope mining design is a very important and complicated task in daily production design and technical management of an underground mine.Based on workface technology and human-computer interaction technology,this study introduces a method of 3D parametric design for the irregular structure of stope bottoms,and focuses on solving technical problems in surface modeling of stope bottom structure.Optimization of the minimum span length algorithm(MSLA) and the shortest path search algorithm(SPSA) is conducted to solve the problem of contour-line based instant modeling of stope bottom structures,which makes possible the 3D parametric design for irregular structure of stope bottom.Implementation process and relevant methods of the proposed algorithms are also presented.Feasibility and reliability of the proposed modeling method are testified in a case study.In practice,the proposed 3 D parameterization design method for irregular structure stope bottom proves to be very helpful to precise 3D parametric design.This method is capable of contributing to improved efficiency and precision of stope design,and is worthy of promotion.

Parameterized design of nonlinear feedback controllers for servo positioning systems

To achieve fast, smooth and accurate set point tracking in servo positioning systems, a parameterized design of nonlinear feedback controllers is presented, based on a so-called composite nonlinear feedback (CNF) control technique. The controller designed here consists of a linear feedback part and a nonlinear part. The linear part is responsible for stability and fast response of the closed-loop system. The nonlinear part serves to increase the damping ratio of closed-loop poles as the controlled output approaches the target reference. The CNF control brings together the good points of both the small and the large damping ratio cases, by continuously scheduling the damping ratio of the dominant closed-loop poles and thus has the capability for superior transient performance, i.e. a fast output response with low overshoot. In the presence of constant disturbances, an integral action is included so as to remove the static bias. An explicitly parameterized controller is derived for servo positioning systems characterized by second-order model. Practical application in a micro hard disk drive servo system is then presented, together with some discussion of the rationale and characteristics of such design. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this control design methodology.

Optimization of design parameters for controlled rocking steel braced dual-frames

A controlled rocking concentrically steel braced frame(CR-CSBF)is introduced as an alternative to conventional methods to prevent major structural damage during large earthquakes.It is equipped with elastic post-tensioned(PT)cables and replaceable devices or fuses to provide overturning resistance and dissipate energy,respectively.Although CR-CSBFs are not officially legalized in globally valid codes for new buildings,it is expected to be presented in them in the near future.The main goal of this study is to determine the optimal design parameters consist of the yield strength and modulus of elasticity of the fuse,the initial force of the PT cable,and the gravity load on the rocking column,considering different heights of the frame,spanning ratios and ground motion types for dual-configuration CR-CSBF.Nonlinear time-history analyses are performed in OpenSees.This study aims to define the optimal input variables as effective design parameters of CR-CSBFs by comparing four seismic responses consisting of story drift,roof displacement,roof acceleration and base shear,and also using the Euclidean metric optimization method.Despite the previous research,this study is innovative and first of its kind.The results demonstrate that the optimal design parameters are variable for various conditions.

Development of six sigma concurrent parameter and tolerance design method based on response surface methodology

Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), an optimizing model of concurrent parameter and tolerance design is proposed where response mean equals its target in the target being best. The optimizing function of the model is the sum of quality loss and tolerance cost subjecting to the variance confidence region of which six sigma capability can be assured. An example is illustrated in order to compare the differences between the developed model and the parameter design with minimum variance. The results show that the proposed method not only achieves robustness, but also greatly reduces cost. The objectives of high quality and low cost of product and process can be achieved simultaneously by the application of six sigma concurrent parameter and tolerance design.

基于Revit二次开发的渡槽正向参数化智能建模方法

针对渡槽工程在前期设计阶段单纯依靠Revit软件进行三维翻模,难以与渡槽工程实际建造节奏相匹配的问题,对Revit软件进行定制化开发,提出渡槽正向参数化智能建模方法,包括渡槽正向设计智能管理平台、渡槽构件模型参数化创建和渡槽钢筋参数化建模三部分。该方法的建立实现了对渡槽水力参数、结构参数等的设计与分类管理,简化了繁琐的建模步骤,缩短了设计人员建模时间,提高了设计效率。结合具体渡槽工程实例,对渡槽正向参数化智能建模方法的准确性及实用性进行验证,前期设计阶段的工作效率得到显著提高,为BIM正向设计在水利工程领域进行推广应用提供了新的解决方案。

Design of Full-Ocean-Depth Self-Floating Sampler and Analysis of Factors Affecting Core Penetration Depth

The hadal zone(ocean depths of 6 – 11 km) is one of the least-understood habitats on Earth because of its extreme conditions such as high pressure, darkness, and low temperature. With the development of deep-sea vehicles such as China's 7000 m manned submersible Jiaolong, abyssal science has received greater attention. For decades, gravity-piston corers have been widely used to collect loose subsea-sediment long-core samples. However, the weight and length of the gravity sampler cables and the operating environment limit sampling capacity at full ocean depths. Therefore, a new self-floating sediment sampler with a spring-loaded auto-trigger release and that incorporates characteristics from traditional gravity-driven samplers is designed. This study analyzes the process by which a gravity-piston corer penetrates the sediment and the factors that affect it. A formula for obtaining the penetration depth is deduced. A method of optimizing the sampling depth is then developed based on structure design and parametric factor modeling. The parameters considered in the modeling include the sampling depth, balance weight, ultimate stress friction coefficient, dimensions of the sampler, and material properties. Thus, a new deep-sea floating parametric sampler designed based on virtual prototyping is proposed. Accurate values for all the design factors are derived from calculations based on the conservation of energy with penetration depth, analyses of the factors affecting the penetration depth, and analyses of the pressure bar stability. Finally, experimental data are used to verify the penetration-depth function and to provide theoretical guidance for the design of sediment samplers.

Integrated Robust Design Method Based on Maximum Tolerance Region

Traditionally,parameter design is carried out prior to tolerance design. However, this two-step design strategy cannot guarantee optimal robustness for products' quality. The proposed integrated robust design method determined the optimal parameter and tolerance simultaneously by calculating the maximum tolerance region,thereby improving the quality of products. In addition,the proposed method did not need uncertainty analysis to obtain the maximum tolerance region,so that the calculation cost could be decreased. And the method avoided the difficulty of gaining costtolerance function as maximum tolerance region represented both demand of cost and robust. Finally,an amplifier circuit case was conducted for verification purpose. Based on the results, the proposed approach could provide robust solution with optimal maximum tolerance region.

环绕式涡桨进气道主流道设计及优化方法

为研究环绕式涡桨进气道主流道设计方法,使用环形截面设计方法进行参数化设计,使用型线方程和3次B样条曲线构建进气道气动型面。使用数值模拟的方法,开展不同上、下型线参数方程和圆心扩展角变化规律对进气道性能影响的研究,通过调整参数得到进气道优化后的构型。结果表明:优化后得到的进气道模型相较于初始模型总压恢复系数提高0.13%,总压畸变降低8.4%。

涡轮叶片气动设计软件BladeDesign

涡轮叶片气动设计软件BladeDesign将涡轮气动设计中迭代最频繁的叶栅几何设计、S1流面计算、叶片积叠三个环节集成起来,极大地提高了涡轮部件设计的效率。叶栅型线设计采用目前流行的Bezier曲线,叶栅造型方法充分考虑了工程实际。集成的S1流面计算网格划分采用ANSYS ICEM CFD 11.0,分析采用ANSYS CFX 11.0。软件提供了与ANSYS TurboGrid的接口,用于生成叶片排的全三维流场计算网格。

改良粽角榫的参数化设计方法

粽角榫结构复杂,当其零件尺寸变化时,内部榫卯尺寸应相应变化。多变的零件尺寸使结构设计工作效率低下,不适合榫卯数字化加工的发展。基于粽角榫结构间的尺寸关系,用参数化设计的方法提高粽角榫结构的加工效率很有必要。分析传统粽角榫和6种改良粽角榫的结构特点,选择最适合数字化加工的改良粽角榫结构。建立所选改良粽角榫的零件模型,确定榫卯形态、设定榫卯尺寸参数,并建立尺寸参数表。基于装配约束关系,建立粽角榫内部各尺寸参数间的函数关系,并区分驱动尺寸和从动尺寸;基于工艺约束关系,设定部分尺寸参数的合理取值范围和预设值。最后,整合自变量、预设参数、固定参数和因变量建立改良粽角榫尺寸参数系统及函数关系表,完成参数化设计的数据架构。通过改良粽角榫尺寸参数系统及函数关系表,结合数控加工设备的操作系统进行编程,可实现输入榫卯驱动尺寸后系统自动输出其他尺寸参数的作用,为零件尺寸不同的粽角榫结构设计提供了快速便捷的方法。家具榫卯内部有规律的结构关系可表达为榫卯尺寸参数间的函数关系,以此为基础建立的榫卯参数化设计方法为多变的家具结构设计提供了简化增效的途径。

支持Top-Down Design的内燃机参数化建模

以三维参数化特征造型软件Pro/Engineer为平台 ,结合SL1 1 2 6内燃机设计实例 ,介绍了基于参数化技术的自顶向下设计过程与实施方法 ,给出了自顶向下设计所涉及的关键技术 ,该设计思想和方法支持并行工程及协同设计。

落地扇风叶参数化气动优化设计研究

以某落地扇风叶为研究对象,建立风叶参数化模型,搭建多学科优化设计平台,以风扇风量和扭矩分别为目标开展单目标优化,优化设计变量为翼型安装角、翼型弦长、叶片弯度和叶片积叠线弯度及掠度。采用粒子群优化算法进行寻优,分别得到了不同指标下最优的扇叶配置,并确定了扇叶关键设计参数对扇叶气动性能的设计权重以及影响规律。对风量和扭矩影响最大的都是翼型安装角和弦长,随着翼型安装角和弦长的增大,风量增大,扭矩也增大。

基于SPD的参数化设计方法在船舶管系生产设计中的应用

基于SPD(Ship Product Design)软件中的参数化设计模块,开展船舶管系部件参数化建模方法研究。通过开展基于PpdL程序的参数化设计模块二次开发,实现管系部件的参数化设计。通过在多型船舶生产设计中应用该方法,证明其能有效提升管系数据库建库效率,提高船舶管系生产设计的精细化程度,提升设计效率和设计质量,取得显著的经济效益。

Design of flying vehicle control system by signal to noise ratio

Presents the new concept of ″Desired to be small″ based on the basic function of vehicle flight control system for an optimal design of flying vehicle control system, and the definition of S/N ratio and calculation formula for ″Desired to be small″ dynamic characteristics, and the S/N ratio method established for design of velicle flight control systems, by which, an orthogrnal table is used to arrange test schemes, and error facters are used to simulate various interferences, and the use of S/N ratio as a design criterion to synthesise the design of dynamic and static characteristics for definition of an optimal scheme, the application of S/N ratio method to the design of a type of vehicle control system and the single run success abtained in design of control system, technical evaluation test and design finalization flight test.