A patch-clamp study on human sperm Cl^- channel reassembled into giant liposome

Aim: To record the single-channel currents and characterize the electrophysiological properties of the Cl^- channels inhuman sperm membrane. Methods: The membrane proteins extracted from the human sperm were reassembled intoliposome bilayer, and the liposomes were fused into giant liposomes with a diameter more than 10μm by dehydration-rehydration procedure. The giant liposomes were used to study the Cl^- channel activities by patch-clamp technique.Results: By patch clamping the giant liposome in an asymmetric NMDG (N-methyl-D-glucamine)-Cl (bath 100//pipette 200 mmol/L) solution system, three kinds of single-channel events with unit conductances of (74.1 ± 8.3) pS,(117.0±5.7) pS and (144.7±4.5) pS, respectively, were detected. Their activities were voltage-dependent and allwere blocked by SITS (4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanato-stilbene-2', 2'-disulfonic acid) in a concentration-dependentmanner. By constructing the open and close dwell time distribution histograms and then fitting them with exponentialfunction, two time constants were obtained in both the open and the close states. The burst activity and conductancesubstate of the channels were observed. Conclusion; There exist three kinds of Cl^- channels with different conduc-tance in human sperm membrane at least. (Asian J Androl 2001 Sep; 3: 185 - 191)

Action Mechanism Research of Lanthanons to Slow Vacuolar Ion Channels in Raphanus Satirus L.(Xinlimei) Radish by Patch-Clamp

We used whole-vacuolar patch-clamp recording mode to study the action mechanism of La3+ to Slow Vacuolar (SV) channels for the first time. We recorded SV channel currents of Xinlimei (Raphanus satirus L.) vacuolars. The minimum activation potentials of voltage-dependent SV channels tied in 25+/-5 mV. The increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ led to enhancement of SV-type currents. It was found that the threshold potential of activation shifted towards more depolarized values whenever cytoplasmic Ca2+ was increased. When 10(-10) mol/L free La3+ was added to the bath, SV-type current was suppressed by 60 similar to 75%. These data showed La3+ reduced ion permeabilities of Xinlimei root vacuolar membrane.

Induction of pancreatic duct cells of neonatal rats into insulin-producing cells with fetal bovine serum: A natural protocol and its use for patch clamp experiments

AIM: To induce the pancreatic duct cells into endocrine cells with a new natural protocol for electrophysiological study.METHODS: The pancreatic duct cells of neonatal rats were isolated, cultured and induced into endocrine oells with 15% fetal bovine serum for a period of 20 d. During this period, insulin secretion, MTT value, and morphological change of neonatal and adult pancreatic islet cells were comparatively investigated. Pancreatic β-cells were identified by morphological and electrophysiological characteristics, while ATP sensitive potassium channels(KATP), voltage-dependent potassium channels (KV), and voltage-dependent calcium channels (KCA) in β-cells were identified by patch clamp technique.RESULTS: After incubation with fetal bovine serum, the neonatal duct cells budded out, changed from duct-like cells into islet clusters. In the first 4 d, MTT value and insulin secretion increased slowly (MTT value from 0.024±0.003 to0.028±0.003, insulin secretion from 2.6±0.6to 3.1±0.8 mIU/L). Then MTT value and insulin secretion increased quickly from d 5 to d 10 (MTT value from 0.028±0.003 to 0.052±0.008, insulin secretion from 3.1±0.8to 18.3±2.6 mIU/L), then reached high plateau (MTT value ＞0.052±0.008, insulin secretion ＞18.3±2.6 mIU/L).In contrast, for the isolated adult pancreatic islet cells,both insulin release and MTT value were stable in the first 4 d (MTT value from 0.029±0.01 to 0.031±0.011,insulin secretion from 13.9±3.1 to 14.3±3.3 mIU/L), but afterwards they reduced gradually (MTT value ＜0.031±0.011, insulin secretion ＜8.2±1.5 mIU/L), and the pancrearic islet cells became dispersed, broken or atrophied correspondingly. The differentiated neonatal cells were identified as pancreatic islet cells by dithizone staining method, and pancreatic β-cells were further identified by both morphological features and electrophysiological characteristics, i.e. the existence of recording currents from KATP KV, and KCA.CONCLUSION: Islet cells differentiated from neonatal pancreatic duct cells with the new natural protocol are more advantageous in performing patch clamp study over the isolated adult pancreatic islet cells.

Study of Oligonucleotide Fixation on Bilayer Lipid Membranes by Patch-clamp Pipette Support

One kind of novel BLMs was fabricated by patch-clamp pipette technology characterized in considerably sensitive to changes of electrochemical parameters.Detectiye currents and voltage presented linear relationship when BLMs was formed and it could be confirmed by Gramicidin method.Ion current was increased by dihexyl (C_ (12)) modified ssDNA fixed on the BLMs and also indicated linear relationship to ssDNA's concentration due to the interaction of (C_ 12)-ssDNA and BLMs.Further more,the regression equations were different from BLMs fixed with ssDNA probe and a blank control BLM in the same experimental conditions.The ssDNA probe was successfully fixed on patch-clamp pipette supported-BLMs.Based on our studies,a biosensor with reactive element of patch-clamp pipette-supported BLMs has been established.

The Reconstructing of Low Signal-noise Ratio Single Ion Channel Signal from Patch-clamp Recordings Sampled in the Colored Background Noise

The single ion channel signal is an ionic current that can be recorded by the patch clamp technique. Hidden Markov model (HMM) algorithm has been used to convert the low signal noise ratio (SNR) noisy recording into an idealized quantal one in the case of white background noise. The traditional HMM algorithm is extended and adapted to the colored background noise. A new algorithm called EHMM (Extended HMM) algorithm is proposed, and mainly validated by simulation. Results show that it’s effective.

Feasibility and limitation of patch-clamp recordings on neonatal rat cardiac ventricular slices

To attempt to the feasibility of whole-cell patch-clamp recordings on the cardiac ventricular slices of newborn (P3-P7) Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats and find a good substitute of the single cardiac myocytes with enzymatic treatment. High resistance seals (】1 GΩ) could be obtained in the cardiac ventricle tissue on this preparation without enzymatic treatment. Then, the cell-attached and whole-cell patch-clamp techniques can be achieved in the thin (200μm) cardiac slices. Averaged sodium current (n=ll cells) was recorded in cell-attached mode, displayed similar features to that previously reported from isolated rat ventricular myocytes. The outward potassium current, Hyperpolarization-activated cation channel or If channel (HCN channel) and action potential (AP) were recorded in whole-cell configuration (n=2 cells) and the similar properties can be seen from the cardiac slices. Cell-attached mode is a stable and reliable mode to record the ion treatment. Resting potential for cardiac slice, measured from Current-clamp recording in whole-cell mode, is about -50 - - 70 mV. The resting potential value from the cardiac slice has similar property except that it is positive to the isolated cardiomyocytes by enzymes. Application of patch-clamp techniques to cardiac slices allows single channel recordings without complicated procedures of cell isolation. Moreover, possible alteration of channel properties caused by proteolytic enzymes can be avoided. In this paper, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings could be achieved on the cardiac slice and we affirmed the feasibility and values of the both recording modes on it. At the same time, there is difficulty and limitation of the application of whole-cell patch-clamp on the cardiac slice for the existence of large mount of connective tissue even in the newborn rats.

Loose-patch方法及其诱发的钙火花

目的 :采用Loose patch方法在心室肌单细胞上诱发出钙火花并探讨其主要特征 ,并与以往有关的研究结果作比较分析 .方法 :Loose patch方法 ,即非紧密封接的细胞贴附式低阻抗膜片钳制技术和共聚焦显微镜钙成像技术相结合的方法 .结果 :Loose patch方法可以较高的概率 (72 .2 % )成功地诱发钙火花 ;其诱发的平均钙火花的幅度为 (1 .0 7± 0 .0 6 )(单位为△F/F0 ,其中F0 为静息时的钙荧光强度 ) ;空间范围为 (1 .4 4± 0 .0 3) μm ;n =1 2 4 .结论 :Loose patch方法可在保证膜上的L型钙通道与胞内相邻近的Ryanodine受体之间正常的信息耦联关系的前提下 ,定点诱发钙火花 ,并通过共聚焦显微镜钙成像技术实现实时准确记录 .这对于明确钙火花的特征 ,准确理解兴奋

神经营养因子3-壳聚糖载体诱导神经干细胞分化为神经元的亚型及其电生理特性

背景:前期研究已证实神经营养因子3-壳聚糖载体可支持神经干细胞的存活和增殖,同时可高效诱导神经干细胞向神经元方向分化。目的:观察神经营养因子3-壳聚糖载体对神经元发育进程、发育各阶段电生理特性及发育成熟神经元亚型的影响。方法:取第3代新生大鼠脊髓神经干细胞,分4组培养:空白对照组加入神经干细胞培养基,壳聚糖组加入含壳聚糖的神经干细胞培养基,NT3组加入含神经营养因子3的神经干细胞培养基,NT3-壳聚糖组加入含神经营养因子3-壳聚糖载体的神经干细胞培养基。利用免疫荧光染色观察神经干细胞发育各阶段标志物表达情况,借助全细胞膜片钳技术评价神经干细胞发育过程中电生理特性的变化情况,利用免疫荧光染色观察神经干细胞分化21 d后中间神经元的亚型。结果与结论:①Nestin、DCX、Tuj1及MAP2免疫荧光染色显示,神经营养因子3-壳聚糖载体维持了神经干细胞池的稳态,并且通过加速神经母细胞的发育进程来促进神经元发育成熟;②全细胞膜片钳记录发育过程中的细胞发现,营养因子神经营养因子3和神经营养因子3-壳聚糖在发育早期对神经干细胞膜功能以及细胞膜上离子通道的发育成熟具有一定的促进作用,但是仅有神经营养因子3-壳聚糖可将这一优势维持到发育中后期,即分化后7-14 d;③免疫荧光染色显示,神经干细胞分化21 d后,NT3-壳聚糖组成熟神经元可表达运动神经元特异性标记物HB9、V1类型中间神经元FOXP1、V2类型中间神经元特异性标记物LHX3,以及调控机械性痛觉感觉中间神经元的特异性标记物VGLUT3;④结果显示,神经营养因子3-壳聚糖载体促进了神经干细胞向神经母细胞的发育,在发育早期对细胞膜功能及细胞膜上的离子通道发育成熟具有一定的促进作用,可诱导发育成熟的神经元亚型多样化。

In vivo patch clamp recording technique in the study of neurophysiology

The patch clamp recording technique in vivois a blind patch clamp recording methods to record the current of the spinal or cereral neurons of anaes：hesia （ or awake） animals. This technique can be used to study the synaptic function and plasticity in central nervous system in vivoin order to understand the physiological properties of the ion channels from an integrated point of view. The advantage of this technique have already presented itself in the study of the synaptic transmission and nervous network. Nowadays, in vivo patch whole-cell recording technique in combination with other techniques is becoming a common method in the research fields.

1-甲基海因对慢性疼痛大鼠钠离子通道蛋白Nav1.8的干预作用

旨在研究1-甲基海因(1-methylhydantoin,MH)对钠离子通道(Nav channels,Navs)1.8的干预作用,为临床科学治疗疼痛提供理论依据,为实现“疼痛最小化”终极目标拓宽途径。选取60只SPF级SD大鼠通过随机分组设计,各组分别使用1-甲基海因(MH组)、利多卡因(L组)、氨溴索(A组)处理,第21和28天使用蛋白免疫印记法检测大鼠L4~L6段背根神经节(dorsal root ganglia,DRG)Nav1.8的蛋白表达,采用全细胞膜片钳技术检测MH作用下的Nav1.8通道峰电流。结果表明,与M组相比,MH能使Nav1.8表达显著下降(P<0.05)。MH对Nav1.8通道峰电流具有一定抑制作用,10和100μmol·L^(-1)MH对Nav1.8的电流抑制率分别为6.34%±3.13%和14.6%±1.52%,具有量效关系。提示MH能够下调慢性疼痛大鼠DRG中Nav1.8的表达,同时抑制Nav1.8电流,进而产生镇痛作用。

马钱子碱抑制豚鼠心室肌细胞钠电流的作用研究

目的本研究旨在分析马钱子碱(brucine)对分离的单个豚鼠心室肌细胞钠电流(INa+)的作用,并探索其抗心律失常的可能机制。方法共选取24只健康的成年豚鼠作为实验对象,雌雄不拘,随机分为4组,每组6只:第1组是未接受任何处理的对照组,之后通过微量加样器使培养皿中brucine药物的终浓度分别达到3μmol/L、10μmol/L、30μmol/L。采用急性酶解法分离获得单个豚鼠心室肌细胞,通过全细胞膜片钳技术测量离子通道电流,以检测不同浓度的brucine对豚鼠心室肌细胞INa+的影响。结果正常的对照组没有明显的INa+电流峰值的变化,而brucine 3μmol/L组给药前后基本不影响INa+电流峰值,当brucine的浓度增加到10μmol/L时,给药前后INa+电流峰值显著下降(P<0.05),在30μmol/L组给药前后INa+电流峰值大幅度减少(P<0.01),并且这种抑制作用呈浓度依赖性。正常对照组及brucine 3μmol/L剂量组中,电流-电压曲线(Ⅰ~Ⅴ曲线)并未受到显著的影响;然而,10μmol/L、30μmol/L剂量组与对照组比较,INa+的Ⅰ~Ⅴ曲线上移,无平行移动,且曲线形状不变。结论Brucine能够通过抑制心室肌细胞钠通道电流发挥抗心律失常作用。

环状RNA mmu_circ_0005019影响小鼠心肌细胞钙激活钾通道电流及动作电位

目的 探索环状RNA mmu_circ_0005019调控小电导钙激活钾(small-conductance calcium-activated potassium, SK)通道蛋白亚基SK3编码基因Kcnn3的表达,以及对小电导钙激活钾通道电流(IK,Ca)和动作电位时程(action potential duration, APD)的影响。方法 在小鼠HL-1细胞中分别构建mmu_circ_0005019过表达和干扰模型,分为过表达组(n=3)、空质粒组(n=3)、干扰1组(n=3)、干扰2组(n=3)、对照组(n=3),通过RT-qPCR、Western blot分析mmu_circ_0005019调节Kcnn3表达的分子机制,应用膜片钳技术电流钳模式记录全细胞的IK,Ca,并用电压钳模式记录APD。结果 成功构建了环状RNA mmu_circ_0005019过表达和干扰的HL-1细胞模型。过表达组的Kcnn3基因表达与空质粒组相比明显上调(P<0.05);干扰1组和干扰2组的Kcnn3基因表达与对照组相比均明显下调(P<0.05)。电生理发现过表达mmu_circ_0005019增加了HL-1细胞IK,Ca电流密度,APD显著缩短;相反,干扰mmu_circ_0005019减少了IK,Ca电流密度,APD显著延长。结论 mmu_circ_0005019可以上调小鼠HL-1细胞Kcnn3的表达水平,从而改变IK,Ca和APD,提示环状RNA mmu_circ_0005019可能在房颤发生中起到促进作用。

无镁诱导仓鼠原代皮质神经元电生理学特性

目的无镁细胞外液建立癫痫放电模型,利用全细胞膜片钳技术,检测仓鼠原代皮质神经元的电生理学特性。方法采用生后1~2 d新生叙利亚仓鼠,分离大脑皮质培养原代神经元培养至第12天,分别予有镁细胞外液(有镁组)和无镁细胞外液(无镁组)孵育3 h,3 h后均更换为正常孵育液继续培养24 h。利用全细胞膜片钳技术,电压钳模式下记录神经元兴奋性突触后电流(excitatory postsynaptic currents,EPSC),电流钳模式下记录神经元兴奋性突触后电位(excitatory postsynaptic potentials,EPSP)。结果与有镁组相比,无镁组仓鼠原代皮质神经元EPSC[(124.38±75.15)Hz vs.(33.93±22.32)Hz,P<0.001]及EPSP[(37.05±38.37)Hz vs.(5.63±9.52)Hz,P<0.01]的频率升高,且差异有统计学意义;而两组之间EPSC及EPSP的振幅、曲线下面积和半宽度的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论无镁处理后仓鼠原代皮质神经元兴奋性升高,仓鼠原代皮质神经元可用于构建癫痫细胞模型。

大黄素对豚鼠单个心室肌细胞胞浆游离钙浓度及L-型钙电流的影响

目的 研究大黄素 (emodin)对豚鼠心室肌细胞钙信号的影响。方法 酶解法分离豚鼠单个心室肌细胞 ,应用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜联合全细胞膜片钳技术测量豚鼠心室肌细胞钙信号的变化。结果 在静息状态下 ,1～10 0 μmol·L- 1 大黄素对 [Ca2 +]i 均无影响 ;对 6 0mmol·L- 1 KCl诱导的外钙内流引起的胞浆钙升高有不同的影响 ,1μmol·L- 1 表现为促进作用 ;10 μmol·L- 1 无作用 ;10 0 μmol·L- 1 则表现为抑制作用。膜片钳研究结果表明 ,1μmol·L- 1 大黄素可明显促进L 型钙电流 ,10 μmol·L- 1 对L 型钙电流无影响 ;10 0 μmol·L- 1 明显抑制L 型钙电流。结论 大黄素对心肌细胞内钙及L

大蒜素对大鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙通道的影响

目的:探讨大蒜素对大鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙通道的作用。方法:用急性酶解法获得大鼠的单个心肌细胞,用标准的全细胞膜片钳技术记录钙通道电流。结果:5、50、250和500μmol/L大蒜素分别抑制钙电流4.4%、26.91%、38.06%、72.90%。250μmol/L大蒜素能使心肌细胞钙电流-电压曲线明显上移,峰电流密度从(7.17±0.65)pA/pF减少至(4.44±0.52)pA/pF(n=15,P<0.05),但激活电位、峰电位和翻转电位无明显改变(P>0.05)。大蒜素能使钙电流失活曲线明显左移(P<0.05)。大蒜素对钙电流激活曲线、失活再复活曲线和频率依赖性无明显影响(P>0.05)。结论:大蒜素呈浓度依赖性地抑制心肌细胞L-型钙通道。

丹参酮Ⅱ-A抑制豚鼠单个心肌细胞L型钙电流和缩短动作电位时程效应的相关性分析

目的旨在探讨药物阻断L型钙电流与其缩短心肌细胞动作电位时程（APD）效应之间的相互关系。方法采用膜片钳全细胞式记录方法，同时观察了丹参酮Ⅱ-A（DST）对豚鼠同一个心室肌细胞跨膜电位和L型钙电流的影响，并对药物的有关效应作相关分析。结果DST显著缩短豚鼠心肌单细胞的动作电位时程（APD），呈剂量依赖关系（r=-0.987）;10、20、和40μmol·L-1DST可使L型钙内向峰电流分别减少35.2％、57.7％和74.7％，亦呈浓度依赖方式（r=-0.948）。经相关性分析证实，在本实验采用的DST相应浓度作用下，APDS50、APD90和APD50～10的缩短与L型钙电流峰值的减少之间呈高度正相关（r分别为0.9870、0.9867和0.9896）。结论DST缩短心肌细胞APD和阻断L型钙电流的效应是高度一致的，且以APD50～10表示平台期的长短更合理。

银杏苦内酯B对豚鼠心室肌细胞动作电位及L-型钙通道的影响

目的 研究银杏苦内酯B(BN 5 2 0 2 1)对豚鼠心室肌细胞动作电位 (AP)和L 型钙通道的影响。方法 全细胞膜片箝技术。AP记录采用电流箝方式 ,电流记录采用电压箝方式。结果 BN 5 2 0 2 1明显缩短动作电位时程 (APD) ,在10 -6mol·L-1浓度 ,APD90 缩短 9% (P <0 0 5 )。在 10 -5mol·L-1浓度 ,APD90 缩短 12 % (P <0 0 1)。 10 -6mol·L-1以上浓度BN 5 2 0 2 1还明显缩短APD50 ,最大缩短达 14% (P <0 0 5 )。较高浓度 (10 -5mol·L-1)的BN 5 2 0 2 1可使静息电位增加 (P <0 0 5 )。BN 5 2 0 2 1浓度依赖性减少L 型钙电流(L ICa)。 10 -6mol·L-1浓度下 ,峰值L ICa降低 2 4 7% (P<0 0 1) ,10 -5mol·L-1浓度下 ,峰值L ICa降低 36 9% (P <0 0 1)。随着药物浓度的增加 ,I U关系曲线逐渐上移 ,但其峰值电压保持不变。结论 BN 5 2 0 2 1明显缩短APD ,抑制L ICa,且具有明显的浓度依赖关系。

15-HETE对缺氧兔肺动脉平滑肌钾离子通道的影响(英文)

用肺动脉环和全细胞膜片钳技术研究15-羟化二十烷四烯酸(15-HETE)对缺氧兔肺动脉平滑肌钾离子通道的影响。新出生的幼兔分两组,一组放入吸氧分数为0.12 的低氧舱内;另一组保持正常氧环境。9 d 后, 称重、取肺动脉进行细胞培养并制作肺动脉环。分别加入4-氨基吡啶(4-aminopyridione, 4-AP)、四乙胺(tetraethylammonium, TEA)、glyburide(GLYB)三种特异性钾离子通道阻断剂, 观察15-HETE 对兔肺动脉平滑肌钾离子通道的作用变化,同时采用全细胞膜片钳测定钾电流。结果显示: 5 mmol/L 4-AP 阻断KV通道后可以抑制15-HETE 诱导的缺氧兔肺动脉收缩;TEA和GLYB 分别阻断大电导型钙激活钾通道(BKCa)和KATP通道后并不影响15-HETE诱导的缺氧兔肺动脉收缩; 15-HETE可降低兔肺动脉平滑肌细胞钾电流幅度。上述结果提示: 缺氧兔肺动脉中,15-HETE阻断电压依赖钾通道(KV通道), 引起膜去极化, 可能是缺氧性肺血管收缩的机制之一。

5-HT_2和5-HT_3受体在外周初级感觉神经末梢痛反应和痛调制中的相互作用

目的:探讨5-HT2和5-HT3受体亚型在5-HT引起外周痛反应和痛调制中的相互作用及其机制;方法:在大鼠三叉神经节神经元标本上应用全细胞膜片钳技术记录5-羟色胺激活电流(I5-HT),并结合痛行为实验进行观察。结果:在大多数受检细胞(54/88,61.4%)特别是中、小型细胞外加5-HT可引起一快去敏感的内向电流,此内向电流能被5-HT3受体特异性激动剂2-甲基-5-羟色胺所模拟,被5-HT3受体拮抗剂ICS250-930可逆性阻断,而5-HT2受体激动剂α-甲基-5-羟色胺则有明显增强I5-HT的作用,5-HT1受体激动剂R-(+)-UH301无明显反应。在进一步的整体清醒动物的行为学试验中我们观察到,大鼠后肢掌底皮下注射5-HT(10-5,10-4和10-3mol/L)引起浓度依赖性的痛行为反应,而用5-HT2和5-HT3受体特异性拮抗剂Cyproheptadine和ICS250-930分别阻断相应受体亚型后,5-HT引起的痛行为反应的强度序列为:5-HT>5-HT+ICS>5-HT+Cyp。结论:本文结果提示:5-HT所引起的痛反应中,在初级感觉神经元水平5-HT3受体可能仅起着启始作用,而5-HT2受体则在伤害性信息的维持和调制过程中发挥更大的作用。

神经示踪染料DiI影响溃疡性结肠炎小鼠背根神经节神经元电学特性

目的:探究在神经示踪结合膜片钳全细胞记录的实验中,示踪染料DiI是否会对小鼠背根神经节(dorsal root ganglion,DRG)神经元兴奋性产生影响。方法:采用SPF级雄性C57BL/6J小鼠,经5%葡聚糖硫酸钠(dextran sulfate sodium,DSS)诱导溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)模型,在T12~L2皮节多点注射DiI逆向示踪躯体感觉神经元,分离全组织DRG并进行全细胞膜片钳记录。结果:HE染色结果显示模型诱导成功。膜片钳记录未经标记的小鼠DRG神经元,模型组小鼠膜电位兴奋性高于正常组小鼠。两组小鼠示踪后,正常示踪组和模型示踪组DiI+神经元兴奋性均低于本组DiI-神经元;与两未示踪组的神经元相比较,两示踪组的DiI-神经元兴奋性分别升高。结论:本实验结果明确了示踪剂DiI会降低DRG神经元的兴奋性,提示相关实验设计中应注意示踪剂的应用对神经元兴奋性的影响,以保证实验结果的可靠性。