Diagnostic Accuracy of Computerized Bowel Sound Analysis with Non-Invasive Devices for Irritable Bowel Syndrome:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective To assess the diagnostic accuracy of bowel sound analysis for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)with a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods We searched MEDLINE,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and IEEE Xplore databases until September 2023.Cross-sectional and case-control studies on diagnostic accuracy of bowel sound analysis for IBS were identified.We estimated the pooled sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio,negative likeli-hood ratio,and diagnostic odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval(CI),and plotted a summary receiver operat-ing characteristic curve and evaluated the area under the curve.Results Four studies were included.The pooled diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio,nega-tive likelihood ratio,and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.94(95%CI,0.87‒0.97),0.89(95%CI,0.81‒0.94),8.43(95%CI,4.81‒14.78),0.07(95%CI,0.03‒0.15),and 118.86(95%CI,44.18‒319.75),respectively,with an area under the curve of 0.97(95%CI,0.95‒0.98).Conclusions Computerized bowel sound analysis is a promising tool for IBS.However,limited high-quality data make the results'validity and applicability questionable.There is a need for more diagnostic test accuracy studies and better wearable devices for monitoring and analysis of IBS.

Alleviative effects of Bacillus coagulans strains on irritable bowel syndrome-unraveling strain specificity through physiological and genomic analysis

The high intraspecies heterogeneity of Baciillus coagulans leads to significant phenotypic differences among different strains.Thus,6 B.coagulans strains were tested in the present study using an irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)animal model to determine whether the IBS-alleviating effects of B.coagulans strains are strain-specific.The results of this study showed that the ingestion of B.coagulans GBI-30,6086,and B.coagulans CCFM1041 significantly alleviated IBS symptoms in mice.In contrast,other B.coagulans strains showed no or limited alleviating effects on IBS symptoms.According to our experimental results,the two main common features of these strains were as follows:1)The resistance of vegetative cells to bile salts,and 2)ability to synthesize specific lipids and secondary metabolites.Screening strains based on these two indicators may greatly reduce costs and provide a basis for mining new functional B.coagulans strains.Our results also suggest that administration of B.coagulans could significantly regulate microbiota dysbiosis in animal models.Moreover,the close relationships between the gut microbiota,gut microbiota metabolites,and IBS were further confirmed in this study.

Analysis on Heredity and Variation of the ORF_5 Gene of Prevalence Strains Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

[ Objective] The aim was to analyze the reason and epidemic trend of PRRSV, and provide theoretical basis for preventing and controlling PRRS. [Methed]According to the sequence of ATCC VR-2332 strain porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus published by the GenBank, the primers were designed and synthesized. ORF5 gene sequences of seven prevalence strains were amplified by RT-PCR. The sequences of ORF5 genes were analyzed by DNAStar and compared with those of ATCC VR-2332, CH-1 a, B J-4, LV-M96262 and MLV vaccine strains, phylogenetic tree among isolates was analyzed. [Result] Analysis of nucleotide sequence showed that the homology was 88.1% - 98.8%, 89.9% -95.2%, 85.6% -98.7% between ORF5 genes of seven prevalence strains and VR-2332, CH-1a, BJ-4, and the homology was 54.7% -56.9% between ORF5 genes and LV. Analysis of amino acid sequence showed that the homology was 88.1% -96.8%, 88.1% - 94.5%, 86.1% -96.5% between ORF5 genes of seven prevalence strains and VR-2332, CH-1a, bBJ-4, the homology was 54.7% -56.2% between the ORF5 genes and LV.[ Conclusion] The variation of prevalence strains was great in the ORF5 gene region, the homology of ORF5 gene sequence was higher and genetic relationship was nearer during prevalence strains in the same region, or was far in different regions.

Molecular Genetic Diagnostics of Prader-Willi Syndrome:a Validation of Linkage Analysis for the Chinese Population

Prader-Willi Syndrome （PWS） is a genetic disorder that is difficult to detect, particularly at an early age. PWS is caused by disruption of normal, epigenetically controlled gene function in the chromosome 15q11-q13 region. Clinical symptoms are difficult to diagnose in infants and only become clearer at later ages as the patients develop hyperphagia and morbid obesity. Molecular genetic tests are able to definitively diagnose PWS and allow early diagnosis of the syndrome. High resolution cytogenetic testing, methylation-specific PCR （MS-PCR）, and linkage analysis are routinely used to diagnose PWS. To establish a linkage analysis method for Chinese patients, this study identified a useful set of STR markers in the typical PWS deletion and adjacent area, for linkage analysis in two Chinese families with PWS offspring. Using this method, the authors confn＇rned that one patient had a paternal deletion in chromosome 15q 11-q 13 and the other patient had maternal uniparental heterodisomy of chromosome 15. MS -PCR and high resolution chromosome G-banding also confirmed this diagnosis. This linkage analysis method can detect both deletion and uniparental disomy, thus providing valuable information for genetic counseling and the opportunity to analyze the relationship between the genotype and phenotype of PWS.

Therapy of Rituximab in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy with Nephrotic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of rituximab(RTX) in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN) with nephrotic syndrome with a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods Pub Med, Embase, Cochrane Library and Clinical Trials(December 2016) were searched to identify researches investigating the treatment of RTX in adult patients with biopsy-proven IMN. Complete remission(CR) or partial remission was regarded as effective therapy, and the cumulated remission rate was calculated.Results Seven studies involved 120 patients(73% were men) were included in our systematic review and metaanalysis. All were prospective observation cohort studies or matched-cohort studies, mainly came from two medical centers, and one study was multi-centric(four nephrology units in northern Italy). The creatinine clearance was more than 20 ml/(min·1.73 m2) and persistent proteinuria higher than 3.5 g/d for at least 6 months. All patients received treatment previously [44(36.7%) had immunosuppressive treatment]. In 12-and 24-month, 56%(95%CI, 0.47-0.65) and 68%(95%CI, 0.41-0.87) patients could reach remission, while 15%(95%CI, 0.09-0.23) and 20%(95%CI, 0.12-0.32) patients could reach CR. The reduction in proteinuria was gradual and obvious, paralleled with upward trend of serum albumin level and decreasing serum cholesterol level. Renal functions were stable. Relapses happened in 24 months were around 8%. RTX related adverse events were mild and were mostly infusion-related reactions.Conclusions RTX treatment in IMN was efficient, well tolerated and safe. More than 60% patients can reach partial remission or CR in 24 months, and relapse is rare. Adverse events of RTX are mostly infusion-related reactions and generally mild.

Study on Epidemiological Profile, Clinical Profile, and Angiographic Patterns in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in a Tertiary Health Care Center in Haryana

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in India, with coronary artery disease (CAD) accounting for a majority of the deaths. There are few large registries on acute coronary syndrome (ACS) from India. Our aim is to study the clinical and epidemiological profile of ACS PATIENTS presenting to our institute, including their angiographic features. Methods: This hospital-based observational, single tertiary care center, prospective study was conducted on patients admitted in the Department of Cardiology at a tertiary care center in Haryana. The study included 400 patients aged greater than 18 years who were admitted with the diagnosis of ACS, and it was carried out for 1 year. The epidemiological profile, clinical history, risk factors, electrocardiogram findings, and angiographic pattern were studied and analyzed with appropriate statistical tools. Results: The mean age of the study population was 55.12 ± 11.78 years. Male and female ratio was 2.4:1. The majority of the patients came from rural background (80%);24% of the patients were illiterate. Smoking was the most common risk factor (51.5%) in our study population followed by hypertension (40%) and diabetes (28%). Unstable angina was the most common type of ACS, which was found in 68.25% of patients. Premature CAD was found in 27.8% of patients and obstructive CAD was found in 63% of patients. Coronary angiography revealed that 39% had single vessel disease (SVD), 23.5% had double vessel disease (DVD), and 27.5% had triple vessel disease (TVD). LAD was more commonly involved, followed by RCA and LCX. Within the first 24 hours, 67% of patients sought medical assistance and only 38.5% received definitive treatment, suggesting a delay in seeking definitive treatment in our study population. Conclusion: The study suggests that unstable angina is the most common form of ACS in the study population, which is mostly of rural background with significant delay in seeking medical help. Smoking is the most common risk factor in the study population.

Optimizing Spatial Pattern Analysis in Serial Remote Sensing Images through Empirical Mode Decomposition and Ant Colony Optimization

Serial remote sensing images offer a valuable means of tracking the evolutionary changes and growth of a specific geographical area over time.Although the original images may provide limited insights,they harbor considerable potential for identifying clusters and patterns.The aggregation of these serial remote sensing images(SRSI)becomes increasingly viable as distinct patterns emerge in diverse scenarios,such as suburbanization,the expansion of native flora,and agricultural activities.In a novel approach,we propose an innovative method for extracting sequential patterns by combining Ant Colony Optimization(ACD)and Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD).This integration of the newly developed EMD and ACO techniques proves remarkably effective in identifying the most significant characteristic features within serial remote sensing images,guided by specific criteria.Our findings highlight a substantial improvement in the efficiency of sequential pattern mining through the application of this unique hybrid method,seamlessly integrating EMD and ACO for feature selection.This study exposes the potential of our innovative methodology,particularly in the realms of urbanization,native vegetation expansion,and agricultural activities.

Weighted Correlation Network Analysis(WGCNA) of Japanese Flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus) Embryo Transcriptome Provides Crucial Gene Sets for Understanding Haploid Syndrome and Rescue by Diploidization

Artificial gynogenesis is of great research value in fish genetics and breeding technology. However, existing studies did not explain the mechanism of some interesting phenomena. Severe developmental defects in gynogenetic haploids can lead to death during hatching. After diploidization of chromosomes, gynogenetic diploids may dispense from the remarkable malformation and restore the viability, although the development time is longer and the survival rate is lower compared with normal diploids. The aim of this study was to reveal key mechanism in haploid syndrome of Japanese flounder, a commercially important marine teleost in East Asia. We measured genome-scale gene expression of flounder haploid, gynogenetic diploid and normal diploid embryos using RNA-Seq, constructed a module-centric co-expression network based on weighted correlation network analysis(WGCNA) and analyzed the biological functions of correlated modules. Module gene content analysis revealed that the formation of gynogenetic haploids was closely related to the abnormality of plasma proteins, and the up-regulation of p53 signaling pathway might rescue gynogenetic embryos from haploid syndrome via regulating cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and DNA repair. Moreover, normal diploid has more robust nervous system. This work provides novel insights into molecular mechanisms in haploid syndrome and the rescue process by gynogenetic diploidization.

Mutation analysis of related genes in hamartoma polyp tissue of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

BACKGROUND Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(PJS)is a rare disease with clinical manifestations of pigmented spots on the lips,mucous membranes and extremities,scattered gastrointestinal polyps,and susceptibility to tumors.The clinical heterogeneity of PJS is obvious,and the relationship between clinical phenotype and genotype is still unclear.AIM To investigate the mutation status of hereditary colorectal tumor-associated genes in hamartoma polyp tissue of PJS patients and discuss its relationship with the clinicopathological data of PJS.METHODS Twenty patients with PJS were randomly selected for this study and were treated in the Air Force Medical Center(former Air Force General Hospital)PLA between 2008 and 2017.Their hamartoma polyp tissues were used for APC,AXIN2,BMPR1A,EPCAM,MLH1,MLH3,MSH2,MSH6,MUTYH,PMS1,PMS2,PTEN,SMAD4,and LKB1/STK11 gene sequencing using next-generation sequencing technology.The correlations between the sequencing results and clinical pathological data of PJS were analyzed.RESULTS Fourteen types of LKB1/STK11 mutations were detected in 16 cases(80.0%),of which 8 new mutations were found(3 types of frameshift deletion mutations:c.243delG,c.363_364delGA,and c.722delC;2 types of frameshift insertions:c.144_145insGCAAG,and c.454_455insC;3 types of splice site mutations:c.464+1G>T,c.464+1G>A,and c.598-1G>A);9 cases(45.0%)were found to have 18 types of heterozygous mutations in the remaining 13 genes except LKB1/STK11.Of these,MSH2:c.792+1G>A,MSH6:c.3689C>G,c.4001+13C>CTTAC,PMS1:c.46C>t,and c.922G>A were new mutations.CONCLUSION The genetic mutations in hamartoma polyp tissue of PJS are complex and diverse.Moreover,other gene mutations in PJS hamartoma polyp tissue were observed,with the exception of LKB1/STK11 gene,especially the DNA mismatch repair gene(MMR).Colorectal hamartoma polyps with LKB1/STK11 mutations were larger in diameter than those with other gene mutations.

Numerical analysis for the effcacy of nasal surgery in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

In the present study, we reconstructed upper airway and soft palate models of 3 obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS） patients with nasal obstruction. The airflow distribution and movement of the soft palate before and after surgery were described by a numerical simulation method. The curative effect of nasal surgery was evaluated for the three patients with OSAHS. The degree of nasal obstruction in the 3 patients was improved after surgery. For 2 patients with mild OSAHS, the upper airway resistance and soft palate displacement were reduced after surgery. These changes contributed to the mitigation of respiratory airflow limitation. For the patient with severe OSAHS, the upper airway resistance and soft palate displacement increased after surgery, which aggravated the airway obstruction. The effcacy of nasal surgery for patients with OSAHS is determined by the degree of improvement in nasal obstruction and whether the effects on the pharynx are beneficial. Numerical simulation results are consistent with the polysomnogram（PSG） test results, chief complaints, and clinical findings, and can indirectly reflect the degree of nasal patency and improvement of snoring symptoms, and further,provide a theoretical basis to solve relevant clinical problems.

Analysis on the law of differentiating and treating insomnia by physicians based on cluster analysis of drug syndrome

Objective:To explore the general differentiation and treatment of insomnia by Professor Gao Ying through drug clustering and group correspondence analysis,and provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:Collect retrospective case data from outpatient system,use SPSS20.0 software to perform frequency and cluster analysis on high-frequency symptoms and drug data,and perform corresponding analysis on the clustered drug syndrome groups.Results:A total of 349 consultations in 204 patients were included.Cluster analysis of 35 symptoms and 40 flavors with a frequency of more than 10%resulted in a corresponding relationship between 7 symptom groups,6 drug groups and 5 drug syndrome groups.The medicine symptom group has a high degree of matching;the doctors distinguish and tre at insomnia with calming,clearing heat,nourishing yin,liver,spleen,qi and phlegm as the core treatment,with consistent decoction,two to pill,lily ground Huang Tang,Lily Zhimu Decoction,Wendan Decoction,Sini San,Xiao Chai Hu Tang,Xiaoyao San,etc.are commonly used prescriptions;the physician's experience is to add or subtract Danshen and Zao Ren drink,which has a wide range of applicability to various insomnia syndrome.Conclusion:Based on the cluster analysis of drug symptoms and group correspondence analysis,it can reveal the pathogenesis,treatment and class information hidden in the data of drug symptoms,which can reflect the general law of physicians'syndrome differentiation and treatment of insomnia.This method has a reference for the exploration of TCM clinical experience significance;The results of this study can provide feedback to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of insomnia.

Efficacy and safety of Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction on sick sinus syndrome： Ameta – analysis

Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction on sick sinus syndrome andprovide evidence for clinical practice. Methods： Randomized controlled trials of all the languages of MahuangFuzi Xixin Decoction on sick sinus syndrome were collected by computer search and manual retrieval. Theretrieval time was from January 2000 to January 2017. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 2reviewers independently selected and extracted data, then evaluated the quality, cross-checked the information andevaluated the quality of menthodology. Through discussion or third reviewer to help solve the divergence, RevMan5.3 software was used to perform meta analysis. Results： A total of 7 documents （n = 612） were finally enrolled,with 358 in Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction group （treatment group） and 254 in control group. Meta analysisshowed that the treatment （86.9%） was more effective than the control （70.1%）, the difference was statisticallysignificant （RR = 1.25, 95% CI：（1.15-1.37）, P 〈 0.001）; the treatment （17.0%） was safer than the control （49.8%）,the difference was statistically significant （RR=0.23,95% CI：（0.06-0.93）, P =0.04）. Conclusion： The existingclinical studies suggest that Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction on sick sinus syndrome is effective and safe; due to thelimited quality of the enrolled documents, the above conclusions need more high-quality randomized controlledtrials to be verified.

Association of the ADIPOQ Rs2241766 and Rs266729 Polymorphisms with Metabolic Syndrome in the Chinese Population:A Meta-analysis

Objective This meta-analysis was performed to summarize the association of the ADIPOQ rs2241766 and rs266729 polymorphisms with metabolic syndrome（MS） in the Chinese population.Methods We searched for articles in MEDLINE via PubM ed,EMBASE,HuG E Navigator,CNKI,and Wanfang databases and calculated odds ratios（ORs） with 95% confidence intervals（CIs） to determine the strength of associations in fixed-or random-effects models.Results We included 21 articles in the meta-analysis：17 reports of ADIPOQ rs2241766 with 3628 cases and 3000 controls and 8 of rs266729 with 2021 cases and 2226 controls.We found an increased risk of MS with the ADIPOQ rs2241766 polymorphism in some genetic models（allele model：OR=1.12,95% CI：1.03-1.21;dominant model：OR=1.15,95% CI：1.04-1.28;homozygote model：OR=1.22,95% CI：1.00-1.49） but no association with the ADIPOQ rs266729 polymorphism（allele model：OR=0.98,95% CI：0.82-1.17;dominant model：OR=0.90,95% CI：0.79-1.02;recessive model：OR=1.09,95% CI：0.85-1.39;homozygote model：OR=1.03,95% CI：0.80-1.33）.Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis suggest an association between the ADIPOQ rs2241766 polymorphism and MS in the Chinese population.G allele of ADIPOQ rs2241766 increases the risk of MS.Better designed studies with different ethnic populations and larger sample sizes are needed for assessing the relationship between ADIPOQ rs2241766 and rs266729 polymorphisms and MS in the future.

The Efficacy and Safety of Modified Xiaoyao San for Perimenopausal Syndrome (PMS): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of modified Xiaoyao San (XYS) for treating Perimenopausal syndrome (PMS). Methods: Literature searches were carried out on PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wan Fang Database, and VIP Database up to December 2018. Hand search for further references was conducted. Study selection, data extraction, quality assessment, and data analyses were performed as request of the Cochrane standards. Results: Nine publications in total were suitable for inclusion. There was evidence that modified XYS was tested to be more effective in improving overall symptoms compared with HRT (odds ratio 3.50, 95% CI 2.56 to 4.78). Whereas HRT was more sensitive and direct in decreasing FSH (WMD 6.69, 95% CI 5.60 to 9.52) and LH (WMD 7.00, 95% CI, 5.75 to 8.25) in comparison with XYS group. It was also strongly supported that XYS had less adverse effect than HRT (odds ratio 0.07, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.10). Conclusion: Modified XYS might be more effective and safer in treatment of perimenopausal syndrome. However, due to poor methodological quality in the majority of included studies, the potential benefit and safety about XYS need to be confirmed in rigorously designed, multi-centre, and large-scale trials.

Alcohol consumption and dry eye syndrome: a Metaanalysis

AIM：To quantify the association between alcohol consumption and dry eye syndrome（DES） with Meta-analysis of published case-control and cross-sectional studies. METHODS： Three databases were screened for potentially eligible studies through Nov.30,2015,Pub Med,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library.Odds ratios（ORs） were pooled with 95% confidence intervals（CIs） to evaluate the relationship between alcohol consumption and DES risk.Subgroup analyses were performed according to diagnostic criteria,publication year,sample size,alcohol intake and adjusted factors.RESULTS： A total of 10（9 case-control and 1 crosssectional） studies from 8 articles were included in this Meta-analysis.The pooled results showed that alcohol consumption would significantly increase the risk of DES（OR 1.15,95% CI： 1.02-1.30）,and the results were independent of smoking,hypertension,diabetes and thyroid disease history.And the results of subgroup analyses indicated an increased incidence of DES diagnosed by typical DES symptoms and positive objective tests together（OR 1.18,95% CI： 1.01-1.39）among drinkers,but not by typical DES symptoms alone（OR 1.11,95% CI： 0.94-1.32）.What＇s more,any drinkers were at higher risk of suffering from DES（OR 1.33,95%CI： 1.31-1.34）,while heavy drinkers not（OR 1.01,95% CI：0.86-1.18）.CONCLUSION： The present Meta-analysis suggests that alcohol consumption may be a significant risk factor for DES.Alcohol-induced peripheral neuropathymay falsely reduce the prevalence of DES among heavy drinkers.Future prospective studies of alcohol consumption and DES risk are needed to confirm our results.

Is there an association between Helicobacter pylori infection and irritable bowel syndrome? A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a prevalent and debilitating gastrointestinal condition.Research has reported persistent,low-grade mucosal inflammation and significant overlaps between patients with IBS and those with dyspepsia,suggesting a possible pathogenic role of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)in IBS.This study therefore aimed to provide the first systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between H.pylori infection and IBS.AIM To investigate the association between H.pylori infection and IBS.METHODS Using the keywords“H.pylori OR Helicobacter OR Helicobacter pylori OR infection”AND“irritable bowel syndrome OR IBS”,a preliminary search of PubMed,Medline,Embase,Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,Web of Science,Google Scholar and WanFang databases yielded 2924 papers published in English between 1 January 1960 and 1 June 2018.Attempts were also made to search grey literature.RESULTS A total of 13 clinical studies were systematically reviewed and nine studies were included in the final meta-analysis.Random-effects meta-analysis found a slight increased likelihood of H.pylori infection in patients with IBS,albeit this was not statistically significant(pooled odds ratio 1.47,95%confidence interval:0.90-2.40,P=0.123).It must also be acknowledged that all of the available studies reported only crude odd ratios.H.pylori eradication therapy also does not appear to improve IBS symptoms.Although publication bias was not observed in the funnel plot,there was a high degree of heterogeneity amongst the studies included in the meta-analysis(I2=87.38%).CONCLUSION Overall,current evidence does not support an association between IBS and H.pylori infection.Further rigorous and detailed studies with larger sample sizes and after H.pylori eradication therapy are warranted.

Association of interleukin-10 polymorphisms with risk of irritable bowel syndrome:A meta-analysis

AIM:To clarify the current understanding of the association between interleukin-10(IL-10)polymorphisms and the risk of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).METHODS:We searched for studies in any language recorded in PubMed,Embase and Cochrane library before August 2013.The associations under allele contrast model,codominant model,dominant model,and recessive model were analyzed.The strengths of the association between IL-10 polymorphisms and IBS risk were estimated using odds ratios(OR)with 95%confidence interval(CI).Fixed effects model was used to pool the result if the test of heterogeneity was not significant,otherwise the random-effect model was selected.RESULTS:Eight case-control studies analyzing three single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs1800870(-1082 A/G),rs1800871(-819C/T),and rs1800872(-592A/C)of the IL-10 gene,which involved 928 cases and 1363 controls,were eligible for our analysis.The results showed that rs1800870 polymorphisms were associated with a decreased risk of IBS(GG+GA vs AA:OR=0.80,95%CI:0.66-0.96),(AA+GA vs GG:OR=0.68,95%CI:0.52-0.90).Subgroup analysis revealed such association only existed in Caucasian ethnicity(AA+GA vs GG,OR=0.70,95%CI:0.55-0.89).The rs1800872 polymorphisms were associated with an increased risk of IBS in Asian ethnicity(CC vs GG:OR=1.29,95%CI:1.01-1.16).There were no associations between rs1800871 polymorphisms and the IBS risk.CONCLUSION:The results suggest that IL-10 rs1800870confers susceptibility to the risk of IBS in Caucasian ethnicity,and the rs1800872 may associate with IBS risk in Asians.However,no significant associations are found between rs1800871 and IBS risk.

Genotypic diagnosis of long QT syndrome by analysis of candidate genes

Objective To diagnose 6 LQTS families by genetic analysis.Methods A total aof 6 LQTS pedigrees with 43 family members were brought together for genetic diagnosis by using short-sequence tandem-repeat(STR)markers or sequencing.Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples by standard procedure.STR markers or KCNQ1,KCNH2 and SCN5A were amplified.The haplotype analysis for LQTS was performed.If the family got the negative haplotype analysis,the sequencing was performed.Results LQTS patients were always linkaged with the SCN5A gene in family 1.KCNH2 was linkaged with the disease in family 2 to 5.21 gene carriers were identified from these 5 families.A mutation(A561V-KCNH2)was only found in the proband of family 6 and an SNP(G1691A)was found in all the members of the family.Conclusion Genetic diagnosis can not only improve presymptomatic diagnosis,but also provide the basis for personal therapy and research on disease-causing mutations.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Phenotyping by Cluster Analysis: Typical Sleepy, Obese Middle-aged Men with Desaturating Events are A Minority of Patients in A Multi-ethnic Cohort of 33% Women

Objective Several clinical obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS)phenotypes associated with heterogeneous cardiovascular risk profiles have been recently identified.The purpose of this study was to identify clusters amongst these profiles that allow for the differentiation of patients.Methods This retrospective study included all moderate-to-severe OSAS patients referred to the sleep unit over a 5-year period.Demographic,symptom,comorbidity,polysomnographic,and continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)adherence data were collected.Statistical analyses were performed to identify clusters of patients.Results A total of 567 patients were included(67%men,54±13 years,body mass index:32±7 kg/m2,65%Caucasian,32%European African).Five clusters were identified:less severe OSAS(n=172);healthier severe OSAS(n=160);poorly sleeping OSAS patients with cardiometabolic comorbidities(n=87);younger obese men with sleepiness at the wheel(n=94);sleepy obese men with very severe desaturating OSAS and cardiometabolic comorbidities(n=54).Patients in clusters 3 and 5 were older than those in clusters 2 and 4(P=0.034).Patients in clusters 4 and 5 were significantly more obese than those in the other clusters(P=0.04).No significant differences were detected in terms of symptoms and comorbidities.Polysomnographic profiles were very discriminating between clusters.CPAP adherence was similar in all clusters but,among adherent patients,daily usage was more important in cluster 1(less severe patients)than in cluster 5.Conclusion This study highlights that the typical sleepy obese middle-aged men with desaturating events represent only a minority of patients in our multi-ethnic moderate-to-severe OSAS cohort of 33%females.

Proteomics analysis of liver proteins from rats with spleen-deficiency syndrome induced by chronic improper diet consumption and fatigue

Objective:To investigate a proteomics analysis of liver proteins from rats with spleen-deficiency syndrome (SDS) induced by chronic improper diet consumption and fatigue.Methods:This study used a liver proteomic profiling method to identify differentially expressed proteins and altered pathways involved in SDS rats.Specifically,we collected liver samples from a control group and a group with SDS induced by chronic improper diet consumption and fatigue for 4 weeks.The pooled liver proteins in each group were labeled with 8-plex isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation reagents.The labeled control and SDS group samples were pooled together and separated by high-pH reverse-phase liquid chromatography.The differentially expressed proteins from the liver proteomes were analyzed to identify potential biomarkers of SDS.Differentially expressed proteins were selected in conjunction with gene ontology and ingenuity pathway analysis.Results:We identified 2176 protein clusters with more than two peptides in the SDS group,with 141 proteins quantified as differentially expressed proteins.Of these,75 proteins were up-regulated,and 66 were down-regulated.Three activated signaling pathways,the thrombin,CXCR4 and synaptic long term depression signaling pathways,and a large multi-protein complex within the network were revealed in the liver proteomic analysis of SDS rats.Conclusions:This is the first report of a differential liver proteome under SDS conditions.The results suggest that the liver proteome partially reflects the pathological changes involved in SDS.The findings provide important information for comprehensively understanding the mechanisms of dysfunction or injury in the liver at the molecular level as a result of SDS.Furthermore,they provide a novel understanding of the connotation of SDS in the fleld of traditional Chinese Medicine.