Petrogenesis of Late Cretaceous Jiangla＇angzong I-Type Granite in Central Lhasa Terrane, Tibet, China： Constraints from Whole-Rock Geochemistry, Zircon U-Pb Geochronology, and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf Isotopes

The Jiangla＇angzong granite in the northern part of the Central Lhasa Terrane is composed of syenogranite and adamellite. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb analyses suggest that syenogranite has a weighted mean 2±6pb/23SU age of 86±1 Ma （mean square weighted deviation=0.37）, which is in accordance with the muscovite Ar-Ar age （85±1 Ma） of Cu-Au ore-bearing skarns and the zircon U-Pb age （84±1 Ma） of adamellite. This suggests that the Jiangla＇angzong magmatism and Cu-Au mineralization events took place during the Late Cretaceous. The granite contains hornblende, biotite, and pyroxene, and does not contain Al-bearing minerals, such as muscovite, cordierite, and garnet. It has high contents of SiO2 （65.10 -70.91wt%）, K20 （3.44-5.17wt%）, and total K20＋Na20 （7.13-8.15wt%）, and moderate contents of A12Oa （14.14-16.45wt%） and CaO （2.33-4.11wt%）, with a Reitman index （δ43） of 2.18 to 2.33, and A/ CNK values of 0.88 to 1.02. The P205 contents show a negative correlation with SiO2, whereas Pb contents show a positive correlation with SiO2. Th and Y contents are relatively low and show a negative correlation with the Rb contents. These characteristics suggest that the Jiangla＇angzong granite is a high K calc-alkaline metaluminous I-type granite. It is enriched in light rare earth elements （LREE） and large ion lithofile elements （LILE）, and depleted in heavy rare earth elements （HREE） and high field strength elements （HFSE）, with LREE/HREE ratios of 11.7 to 18.1. The granite has negative Eu anomalies of 0.58 to 0.94 without obvious Ce anomalies （δCe=l.00-1.04）. The relatively low initial a7Sr/a6Sr ratios of 0.7106 to 0.7179, positive ε±nt（t） values of 1.0 to 4.1, and two-stage Hf model ages （TDM2） ranging from 889 Ma to 1082 Ma, These geochemical features indicate that the granite derived from a juvenile crust. The （143Nd/144Nd）t values from the Jiangla＇angzong granite range from 0.5121 to 0.5123, its eNd（t） values range from -10.17 to -6.10, its （^206pb /^204pb）t values range from 18.683 to 18.746, its （^207pb /^204pb）t values range from 15.695 to 15.700, and its （^208pb /^204pb）t values range from 39.012 to 39.071. These data indicate that the granite was formed by melting of the upper crust with the addition of some mantle materials. We propose that the Jiangla＇angzong granite was formed during the post- collision extension of the Qiangtang and Lhasa terranes.

Devonian alkaline magmatism in the northern North China Craton:Geochemistry,SHRIMP zircon U-Pb geochronology and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes

The Wulanhada pluton is among the rare suite of Devonian alkaline plutons occurring along the northern margin of the North China Craton（NCC）.The intrusion is mainly composed of quartz-monzonite.Here we report zircon SHRIMP U-Pb data from this intrusion which shows emplacement age of ca.381.5 Ma.The rock is metaluminous with high（Na2O ＋ K2O） values ranging from 8.46 to 9.66 wt.%.The REE patterns of the rocks do not show any Eu anomaly whereas the primitive-mantle-normalized spider diagram shows strong positive Sr and Ba anomalies.The Wulanhada rocks exhibit high initial values of（87Sr/86Sr）t = 0.70762-0.70809,low εNd（t） =-12.76 to-12.15 values and negative values of εHf（t） =-23.49 to-17.02 with small variations in（176Hf/177Hf）,（0.281873-0.282049）.These geochemical features and quantitative isotopic modeling results suggest that the rocks might have been formed through the partial melting of Neoarchean basic rocks in the lower crust of the NCC.The Wulanhada rocks,together with the Devonian alkaline rocks and mafic-ultramafic complex from neighboring regions,constitute a post-collisional magmatic belt along the northern NCC.

Geochronology, Geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf Isotopes of No. I Complex from the Shitoukengde Ni–Cu Sulfide Deposit in the Eastern Kunlun Orogen, Western China: Implications for the Magmatic Source, Geodynamic Setting and Genesis

The Shitoukengde Ni-Cu deposit, located in the Eastern Kunlun Orogen, comprises three mafic-ultramafic complexes, with the No. I complex hosting six Ni-Cu orebodies found recently. The deposit is hosted in the small ultramafic bodies intruding Proterozoic metamorphic rocks. Complexes at Shitoukengde contain all kinds of mafic-ultramafic rocks, and olivine websterite and pyroxene peridotite are the most important Ni-Cu-hosted rocks. Zircon U-Pb dating suggests that the Shitoukengde Ni-Cu deposit formed in late Silurian （426-422 Ma）, and their zircons have ~Hf（t） values of-9.4 to 5.9 with the older TDMm ages （0.80-1.42 Ga）. Mafic-ultramafic rocks from the No. I complex show the similar rare earth and trace element patterns, which are enriched in light rare earth elements and large ion iithophile elements （e.g., K, Rb, Th） and depleted in heavy rare earth elements and high field strength elements （e.g., Ta, Nb, Zr, Ti）. Sulfides from the deposit have the slightly higher ~34S values of 1.9-4.3%o than the mantle （0 ~ 2%o）. The major and trace element characteristics, and Sr-Nd-Pb and Hf, S isotopes indicate that their parental magmas originated from a metasomatised, asthenospheric mantle source which had previously been modified by subduction-related fluids, and experienced significant crustal contamination both in the magma chamber and during ascent triggering S oversaturation by addition of S and Si, that resulted in the deposition and enrichment of sulfides. Combined with the tectonic evolution, we suggest that the Shitoukengde Ni-Cu deposit formed in the post-collisional, extensional regime related to the subducted oceanic slab break-off after the Wanbaogou oceanic basalt plateau collaged northward to the Qaidam Block in late Silurian.

Geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb Isotopes of the Granites from the Hashitu Mo Deposit of Inner Mongolia, China： Constraints on Their Origin and Tectonic Setting

The Hashitu molybdenum deposit is located in the southern part of the Great Hinggan Range, NE China. Molybdenum mineralization is hosted by and genetically associated with monzogranite and porphyritic syenogranite. Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes of the intrusions show that the porphyritic syenogranite has initial ^87Sr/^86Sr ratios of 0.70418-0.70952, ENd（t） values of 1.3 to 2.1 （t=143 Ma）, ^206Pb/^204Pb ratios of 19.191-19.573, ^207Tpb/^204pb ratios of 15.551-15.572, and ^208Pb/^204Pb ratios of 38.826-39.143. The monzogranite has initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.70293-0.71305, εNd（t） values of 1.1 to 2.0 （t=-147 Ma）, ^206Pb/^204pb ratios of 19.507-20.075, ^207Pb/^204Pb ratios of 15.564-15.596, and ^208Pb/^204Pb ratios of 39.012-39.599. The calculated Nd model ages （TDM） for monzogranite and porphyritic syenogranite range from 866 to 1121 Ma and 795 to 1020 Ma, respectively. The granitic rocks in the Hashitu area have the same isotope range as granites in the southern parts of the Great Hinggan Range. The isotope composition indicates that these granites are derived from the partial melting of a juvenile lower crust originating from a depleted mantle with minor contamination by ancient continental crust. The integrating our results with published data and the Late Mesozoic regional tectonic setting of the region suggest that the granites in the Hashitu area formed in an intra-continent extensional setting, and they are related to the thinning of the thickened lithosphere and upwelling of the asthenosphere.

Geochemistry, U-Pb Geochronology and Sr-Nd-Hf Isotopes of the Early Cretaceous Volcanic Rocks in the Northern Da Hinggan Mountains

Whole-rock geochemical, zircon U-Pb geochronological and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic data are presented for the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks from the northern Da Hinggan Mountains. The volcanic rocks generally display high SiO2 （73.19-77.68 wt%） and Na20＋K20 （6.53-8.98 wt%） contents, with enrichment in Rb, Th, U, Pb and LREE, and depletion in Nb, Ta, P and Ti. Three rhyolite samples, one rhyolite porphyry sample, and one volcanic breccia sample yield weighted mean 206pb/23SU ages of 135.1±1.2 Ma, 116.5±1.1 Ma, 121.9±1.0 Ma, 118.1±0.9 Ma and 116.9±1.4 Ma, respectively. All these rocks have moderate （STSr/S6Sr）i values of 0.704912 to 0.705896, slightly negative eNd（t） values of -1.4 to -0.1, and positive Cur（t） values of 3.7 to 8. Their zircon Hf and whole-rock Nd isotopic model ages range from 594 to 1024 Ma. These results suggest that the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks were originated from melting of subducted oceanic crust and associated sediments during the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.

Mafic Dyke Records of Paleoproterozoic Mantle Plume Activity in the Karelian Craton: U-Pb Baddeleyite/Zircon Geochronology and Sr-Nd Isotopic Data

Mafic dykes preserved important information on mantle melting regimes in the early Earth history.Despite the fact that a large volume of geochronological data for mafic dykes was recently received,several important issues

A Study of REE and Pb, Sr and N d Isotopes in Garnet-Lherzolite Xenoliths from Mingxi, Fujian Province

The REE and Pb ,Sr,Nd isotopes in three xenoliths from limburgite and scoria-breccias,including spinel-lherzolite,spinel-gamet-1herzolite and phlogopite-gamet-1herzolite,were analysed.The REE contentso of the xenoliths are 1.3 to 3.3 times those of the chondrites with their REE pattems characterized by weak LREE depletion.The ^143Nd/^144Nd values of whole rocks and minerals range from 0.51306 to 0.51345 with εNd=+8.2-+15.8,^206Pb/^204Pb<18.673,and ^207Pb/^204Pb<15.574,All this goes to show that the upper mantle in Mingxi at the depth of 67-82km is a depleted mantle of MORB type,with ^87Sr/^86Sr ratios 0.70237-0.70390.In Nd-Sr diagram the data points of whole rocks are all out of the mantle array,implying that the xenoliths from Mingxi have more radiogenic Sr isotopes than those of the mantle array.

Zircon U–Pb dating,geochemical,and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotopic constraints on the age and origin of intermediate to felsic igneous rocks at South Altyn,Xinjiang,China

As a part of a giant trending fault system in the Asian continent and one where a strong zone of left strikeslip fault is present,the Altyn Orogenic belt(AOB)has become an important focus for research.Magmatic rocks are widely distributed across the AOB.However,many investigations have focused primarily on Paleozoic igneous rocks;discussion of Mesozoic related igneous activity is often ignored.Here we present the result of studies of representative diorite and granite rocks outcropping in the AOB,within the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,South Altyn,China.We present new zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb age,geochemical,and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopic data for these sample suites,identifying them as typical igneous rocks formed between 238±1.5 and 238.8±1.1 Ma.The rocks that we studied fall into the alkaline series,also enriched in light rare earth elements(LREE),some large ion lithophile elements(LILE;e.g.,Rb,Ba,Sr,and K),Pb,Th and U,and depleted in heavy rare earth elements(HREE),Nb,Ta,Hf,and Ti.The granite and diorite have high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios(0.7062-0.7114),negativeεNd(t)values(-8.8 to-11.3),εHf(t)values(-8.7 to-18.7),and relatively constant Pb isotopic ratios((206-Pb/204Pb)i=6.74-17.884,(207Pb/204Pb)i=15.51-15.58,and(208Pb/204Pb)i=35.36-38.04),respectively.This suggests that the magmas parental to these rocks were generated from the partial melting of the ancient crust.The parental magmas to these rocks experienced a degree of fractionation of plagioclase,K-feldspar,and hornblende,possibly during rapid magma ascent.Based on these studies,we propose a reasonable model for the origin of the investigated rocks from the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of South Altyn,which involves crustal thickening,lithospheric extension,and asthenosphere upwelling,that induced crustal melting.

Petrogenesis of the Xihuashan Granite in Southern Jiangxi Province,South China:Constraints from Zircon U-Pb Geochronology,Geochemistry and Nd Isotopes

Mesozoic granitic intrusions are widely distributed in the Nanling region, South China. Yanshanian granites are closely connected with the formation of tungsten deposits. The Xihuashan granite is a typical representative of tungsten-bearing granite. The Xihuashan granite consists mainly of medium-grained porphyritic biotite granite, medium-grained biotite granite and fine-grained twomica granite, which correspond to LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages of 555.5±0.4 Ma, 553.0±0.6 Ma and 552.8±0.9 Ma, respectively. Rocks from the Xihuashan mining area displays high SlOe （73.85% to 76.49%） and NaeO＋K20 contents （8.09% to 9.43%）, belonging to high-K calc-alkaline series. They are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous with A/CNK values ranging from 0.96 to 5.06. All granites in this study area are rich in Rb, Th, U and Pb, and depleted in Ba, Sr, P, Ti, Nb and Eu, especially depleted in medium-grained biotite granite and fine-grained two-mica granite. The medium-grained porphyritic biotite granites usually have high LREE concentrations, whereas medium-grained biotite granite and fine-grained two-mica granite displays high HREE contents. Our geochemical data reveal that the studied rocks are highly fractionated I-type granite. The magma underwent strong magma differentiation with decreasing temperature and increasing oxygen fugacity, which may explain the formation of three types of distinct granites. Variations of Rb, Sr and Ba concentrations in different type granites were controlled by fractional crystallization of biotite and feldspar. Fractional crystallization of monazite, allanite and apatite resulted in LREE changes in granite, and formation of garnet mainly caused HREE changes. Granites from the Xihuashan mining area have relatively high εd（t） values （-9.77 to -55.46）, indicating that they were probably generated by partial melting of underlying Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks with minor addition of juvenile crust or mantlederived magmas.

K-Ar age, geochemical, and Sr-Pb Isotopic compositions of keban magmatics, elazig, EasternAnatolia, Turkey

Keban magmatics consist of plutonic rocks of acidic and intermediate compositions with diffe rent phases. They are the equivalent of surface rocks. In the current study on plutonic rocks, general petrographic features, disequilibrium textures such as skeletal formation in minerals, poikilitic texture, oscillatory zoning, and mineral fragmentation, and growth states are observed. Besides these microscopic properties, the existence of rounded mafic enclaves of various sizes, petrographic synplutonic dykes, and field data support the idea that mafic and felsic magmas are mixed. Keban magmatics have I-type, metaluminous-peraluminous characteristics. Diorites and quartz diorites have low-K tholeiitic features, whereas tonalites have low-K calcalkaline features. Compared with diorites, tonalites are richer in terms of LREE (Rock/ Chondrite);Rb, Sr, and Ba (LILE);and Hf, Zr, Th, and U (HFSE) elements. LILE enrichment, which signals the crustal contamination of mantle- originated magmas, is particularly observable in tonalites. In both rock groups, the negative anomaly of Nb is a sign of similarity of pluton to the subduction zone magma series. Based on the K-Ar geochronology dating of amphibole minerals, the ages of these rocks are found to be 75.65 ± 1.5 and 59.77 ± 1.2 Ma in tonalites and 84.76 ± 1.8 and 84.35 ± 1.7 Ma in diorite and quartz diorites. The 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios in tonalites are 0.705405 and 0.706053, whereas these ratios are 0.704828 and 0.704754 in dioritic rocks. Pb isotope ratios are similar in both rock types.

华北克拉通南缘大庄铌-稀土矿床地质、地球化学和Sr、Nd、Pb同位素特征

碱性岩型铌-稀土矿床是重要的铌-稀土矿资源类型。河南省方城县大庄铌-稀土矿位于华北克拉通南缘,是近年来新发现的一例赋存于霞石正长岩中的,具有中型规模的碱性岩型矿床。大庄矿区内共圈定17个NW—SE向带状展布的,呈囊状、不规则状、透镜状产出的铌-稀土矿体。铌-稀土矿石主要赋存于角闪霞石正长岩和黑云母正长岩中。矿石矿物主要为烧绿石、氟碳铈镧矿、褐钇铌矿和富铌榍石等。矿石的结构主要有斑状结构、他形粒状结构、半自形粒状结构、包含结构、交代结构、共生结构、伟晶结构等。矿石构造分为块状、脉状和片麻状构造等。热液蚀变包括萤石化、绢云母化、绿帘石化和绿泥石化等。碱性岩样品具有低SiO2、富碱、高铝的特征,稀土元素总量较高,轻重稀土分异明显,具有明显的负Eu异常,富集Nb、Ta、Th、U、Zr、Hf等高场强元素,明显亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti等元素。碱性岩全岩(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.68158~0.71090,εNd(t)=―1.11~―0.37,两阶段模式年龄(tDM2)为1601~1540 Ma,(206Pb/204Pb)i=16.018~17.502、(207Pb/204Pb)i=15.358~15.489、(208Pb/204Pb)i=36.684~40.340。地球化学特征显示方城地区碱性岩的岩石类型为A型岩套A1亚型,岩浆演化主要受分离结晶控制,其原始岩浆形成于富金云母的地幔源区。总体上看,华北克拉通南缘大庄铌-稀土矿成矿主体受岩浆结晶分异控制,Nb、REE在岩浆结晶晚期大量富集,后期热液活动对铌-稀土成矿有一定的制约作用。方城地区碱性岩形成于板内拉张的构造背景,推测是Rodinia超大陆裂解的响应。

Pb, Sr AND Nd-ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS OF PALEO AND NEO-TETHYAN OCEANIC CRUSTS IN THE EASTERN TETHYAN DOMAIN: IMPLICATION FOR THE INDIAN OCEAN-TYPE ISOTOPIC SIGNATURE

The isotopic signature of mid\|ocean ridge basalts (MORB) from the Indian Ocean is different from that of MORB from the Pacific and North\|Atlantic oceans.. The Indian MORB is characterized by lower 206 Pb/ 204 Pb, hi gher 87 Sr/ 86 Sr, and lower 206 Pb/ 204 Pb for given 143 Nd/ 144 Nd than the latter (Hart, 1984; Castillo, 1988; Mahoney et al., 1998). Why the Indian Ocean mantle domain is different from the Pacific and North\|Atlantic ocean mantle domain is still unclear. Two general classes of hypotheses have been proposed to explain the origin of Indian mantle (Mahoney et al., 1998). The first one is that the components of the Indian Ocean mantle domain are a fairly young mantle end\|member created during the processes of breakup of the Gondwana continent to form the Indian Ocean. The second hypothesis posits that the Indian MORB\|type isotopic signature is a long\|lived mantle domain that existed prior to the formation of the present Indian Ocean. Thus it appears that one of the keys to a better understanding of origin of the Indian Ocean\|type isotopic signature depends on its age. Although some studies (Mahoney et al., 1998; Weis and Frey, 1997) showed that the isotopic signature was as old as the Indian ocean crust (140Ma), basalts investigated in the Indian Ocean region do not prove or disprove the existence of the Indian MORB\|type isotopic signature prior to the Indian Ocean because they were taken from the Indian ocean basin itself.

Characteristics of Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic compositions of hydrothermal Si-Fe-Mn-oxyhydroxides at the PACMANUS hydrothermal field, Eastern Manus Basin

Si-Fe-Mn-oxyhydroxides dredged at the PACMANUS （Papua New Guinea-Australia-Canada-Manus） hydrothermal field, Eastern Manus Basin, have 87Sr/SSSr=0.708 079-0.708 581; eNd=5.149 833-6.534 826; 208pb/204pb=38.245-38.440; 207pb/204pb=lS.503-15.560; 206pb/204pb=lS.682-18.783. s7sr/sSSr isotope ratios are relatively homogeneous and close to the value of the surrounding seawater （0.709 16）. The content of Sr in the samples contributed by seawater was estimated to be 76.7%-83.1% of total amount. The mixing temperature of hydrothermal fluids and seawater were ranging from 53.2℃ to 72.2℃ and the hydrothermal activities were unstable when the samples precipitated. The eNd values of all the samples are positive, which differ from the values of ferromanganese nodules （crusts） with hydrogenic origin. Nd was mainly derived from substrate rocks leached by hydrothermal circulation and preserved the hydrothermal signature. Ph isotopic compositions of most samples show minor variability except Sample #9-2 that has relatively high values of Pb isotopes. The Pb may be derived from the Eastern Manus Basin rocks leached by the hydrothermal fluid. The slightly lower 28pb/204pb and 207pb/204pb values of the samples indicated that the hydrothermal circulation in PACMANUS was not entire and sufficient, or that hydrothermal circulation had transient changes in the past. Si-Fe-Mn-oxyhydroxides in the samples preserved the heterogeneities of local rocks.

Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating and Sr-Nd isotope study of the Guposhan granite complex, Guangxi, China

Zircon U-Pb dating by the LA-ICP-MS method was applied to determining the ages of different units of the Guposhan granite complex, among which the East Guposhan unit is 160.8±1.6 Ma, the West Guposhan unit is 165.0±1.9 Ma, and the Lisong unit is 163.0±1.3 Ma in age. Much similarity in ages of the three units has thus proved that the whole Guposhan granite complex was formed in the same period of time. They were the products of large-scale granitic magmatism through crust-remelting in the first stage of the Middle Yanshanian in South China. However, the three units have differences both in petrology and in geochemistry. Besides the differences in major, trace and rare-earth elements, they are distinct in their Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopic compositions. The East Guposhan unit and Lisong unit and its enclaves have a similar (87Sr/86Sr)i value of 0.7064 with an average of εNd(t)=-3.03, indicating that more mantle material was evolved in the magma derivation; whereas the West Guposhan unit has a higher (87Sr/86Sr)i value of 0.7173 but a lower εNd(t) value of -5.00, and is characterized by strong negative Eu anomalies and higher Rb/Sr ratios, suggesting that its source materials were composed of relatively old crust components and new mantle-derived components. In addition, an inherited zircon grain in the East Guposhan unit (GP-1) yielded a 206Pb/238U age of 806.4 Ma, which is similar to the ages of the Jiulin cordierite granite in northern Jiangxi and of the Yinqiao migmatic granite in Guangxi in the HZH granite zone. All this may provide new evidence for Late Proterozoic magmatism in the HZH granite zone.

南秦岭土地岭早古生代粗面质火山岩成因:来自锆石U-Pb年龄、元素及Sr-Nd同位素证据

南秦岭土地岭地区火山岩因富含铌钽等稀有金属元素而受到广泛关注,但目前对该类火山岩成因的研究还较为薄弱。通过对土地岭典型粗面质火山岩进行锆石U-Pb年代学、主‒微量元素及Sr-Nd同位素地球化学研究,探讨岩石成因及成岩构造背景。土地岭富铌钽火山岩主要岩石类型有霓石粗面岩、含晶屑粗面质凝灰熔岩、晶屑粗面质熔结凝灰岩、粗面质晶屑凝灰岩及沉凝灰岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明,该火山岩成岩年龄为445±10 Ma,形成于早志留世。地球化学特征表明,火山岩样品具高硅(SiO_(2)=55.97%~66.71%)富碱(K_(2)O+Na_(2)O=8.64%~16.74%)的特征,为一套碱性火山岩;轻稀土元素显示相对富集特征((La/Yb)N=11.2~93.6)。火山岩(87Sr/^(86)Sr)i主体为0.7034~0.7057,ε_(Nd)(t)值为2.2~2.7,相应的Nd模式年龄tDM为0.77~0.89 Ga。土地岭火山岩Sr-Nd同位素组成具有洋岛玄武岩(OIB)特征,可能来自于HIMU,EMⅠ和EMⅡ的混合源区。结合其较高的Nb/U值(10.8~106.1)以及主量元素CaO、MgO、Fe_(2)O)(3)^(T)、TiO_(2)与SiO_(2)均显示负相关关系特征,土地岭赋矿火山岩应该为富集地幔来源岩浆结晶分异作用的产物,可能形成于早古生代华南板块北缘的被动大陆边缘环境。

太行山麻棚地区高Ba-Sr花岗质侵入岩的地球化学、锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征及其地质意义

华北克拉通经历了长期而复杂的地质过程,中生代时期在太行山地区构造岩浆活动强烈,形成了一系列中酸性岩体。麻棚岩体位于太行山北段,侵位于新太古代片麻岩和表壳岩中,由中心向边缘分别出露似斑状二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩和石英闪长岩。前人已经对麻棚岩体进行过岩石学、岩石化学、岩体成因类型和年代学等多方面的研究,其花岗岩类型仍存有争议。本文对麻棚岩体进行了系统的岩石地球化学、锆石SHRIMP U-Pb同位素年代学分析和Lu-Hf同位素组成研究,进一步探讨了麻棚岩体的地球化学类型、形成时代和岩浆源区性质。岩石地球化学特征表明麻棚岩体具有较高的SiO_(2)、Na_(2)O+K_(2)O、Ba、Sr、LREE含量和K_(2)O/Na_(2)O值,较低的Al_(2)O_(3)、MgO、Rb、Nb、Ta、Th、U、Y、HREE含量和Mg^(#)值,无明显的Eu异常,明显亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素,属于高Ba-Sr花岗岩。新获得的3个不同相带岩石的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb同位素206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为129.4±1.4、131.2±2.2和129.5±1.3 Ma,且具有相似主量元素组成及稀土和微量元素分布模式,反映了麻棚岩体为同一期岩浆活动产物。Lu-Hf同位素测试分析数据计算获得麻棚岩体岩浆锆石的εHf(t)值为-27.00~-15.44,二阶段模式年龄t_(DM2)为2 358~1 765 Ma。麻棚岩体是前寒武纪变质基底部分熔融形成的岩浆与幔源岩浆混合作用的结果。

东昆仑浪木日镁铁质-超镁铁质岩成因:锆石U-Pb年代学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素特征

浪木日镁铁质-超镁铁质岩体位于东昆仑造山带东段,临近昆中断裂,主要由橄榄岩、橄榄辉石岩、辉石岩和辉长岩组成,且局部发育星点状和浸染状硫化物矿化。辉石岩和橄榄辉石岩获得的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(421.2±1.2)Ma和(421.10±0.96)Ma,表明岩体侵位于晚志留世。岩石地球化学特征显,浪木日镁铁质-超镁铁质岩具有较高的Mg#(Mg#>80),富集LILE(Rb、Th、U等),亏损HFSE(Nb、Ta、Ti等),轻、重稀土元素分馏程度较强((La/Yb)N=6.28~50.91,(La/Sm)N=1.45~4.15,(Gd/Yb)N=1.43~9.71),具有弱的负Eu异常(δEu=0.226~0.824)。锆石Lu-Hf(εHf(t)=-2.9~-10)和全岩Sr-Nd(εNd(t)=-10.3~-8.9)同位素特征显示,其岩浆源区主要来自富集地幔,与俯冲洋壳脱水交代上覆地幔楔活动有关。综合研究表明,浪木日镁铁质-超镁铁质岩体是原特提斯洋洋壳俯冲晚期的产物,随着俯冲的深入,板片最终断离形成板片窗,导致软流圈上涌促使地幔楔发生部分熔融形成镁铁质-超镁铁质岩浆,岩浆上升过程中与地壳发生混染最终形成浪木日岩体。

热电离质谱计测定国家标准火成岩粉末Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成

文章以美国地质调查局制备的标准岩石粉末(BCR-2玄武岩、BHVO-2玄武岩、AGV-2安山岩)作为参考物质,运用同位素稀释法和热电离质谱计同位素比值测量方法,分析中国三种火成岩标准粉末(GSR-1花岗岩、GSR-2安山岩、GSR-3玄武岩)Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成,观察其同位素组成及均一性特征。分析结果表明:这三种火成岩岩石标准粉末都具有均一的Sr和Nd同位素组成;相比GSR-1花岗岩,GSR-2安山岩和GSR-3玄武岩的Pb同位素组成相对均一。GSR-1花岗岩的Pb同位素组成有较大的变化范围,不均一性特征可能受高U和高Th矿物的放射性成因Pb同位素组成叠加影响。根据测量结果,作者认为三种国家火成岩标准粉末适合作为Sr和Nd同位素组成分析的参考物质,GSR-2安山岩和GSR-3玄武岩也是理想的Pb同位素组成分析的参考物质。

北京房山岩体锆石U-Pb年龄和Sr、Nd、Pb同位素与微量元素特征及成因探讨

本文首次用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年法获得房山岩体主期侵入岩-花岗闪长岩的年龄为130．7±1．4Ma,证明房山岩体主体岩石形成于早白垩世。综合该岩体两期侵入宕的常量、微量、稀土元素和同位素及构造环境特征,发现房山岩体侵入岩具有许多与埃达克岩(adakite)极其相似的独特的岩石地球化学特征,但又与Defant和Drummond(1990)定义的典型埃达克岩(O型)有明显差别,与中国东部C型埃达克岩更为接近,或也称之为中国东部燕山期高Sr低Y型中酸性火成岩。本文通过房山岩体Sr、Nd、Pb同位素的系统研究,发现在143Nd／144Nd-87Sr／86Sr图解上,两期岩石投影点均落在EM Ⅰ型富集地幔范围之内,暗示其物质来源与富集地幔有关;钾长石Pb同位素特征也说明房山岩体岩浆来源与EM Ⅰ型富集地幔和下地壳关系密切。结合前人的碳、氢、氧同位素研究成果,认为房山岩体物质来源较深,与上地幔和下地壳有关。此外,发现房山岩体两期侵入岩的εNd(t)值(-13．6--14．2)远高于华北地台区古老下地壳的εNd(t)值(-32--44),而与汉诺坝二辉麻粒岩包体的εNd(t)值(-8--18)近似。由于现有的研究已确证汉诺坝二辉麻粒岩包体是由幔源基性岩浆在晚古生代-中生代时底侵到下地壳底部构成的年青下地壳的一部分,故推测房山岩体的物质来源与华北地台古老下地壳关系不大,而可能与年青下地壳关系密切。在此基础上,提出房山岩体两期岩石形成的两阶段模式:第一阶段可能发生于中生代早期,由于软流体 (层)上涌导致富集岩石圈地幔部分熔融生成带有富集地幔印记的玄武岩浆,该岩浆底侵到下地壳底部,冷却成为年青下地壳的一部分;第二阶段发生于中生代晚期,由于当时软流圈呈蘑菇云状大规模上升,热侵蚀面抬升到壳-幔过渡带,导致早中生代新底侵的玄武质下地壳在榴辉岩-麻粒岩相条件下部分熔融生成C型埃达克质岩浆(也即高Sr低Y型中酸性火成岩浆) 并上侵而成为房山岩体。

西藏冈底斯厅宫铜矿侵入岩成因:LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学及Sr—Nd—Pb同位素证据

西藏厅宫斑岩铜钼矿床是冈底斯成矿带上最早开发的斑岩铜矿之一,矿区大面积分布的黑云母花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、钾长花岗岩均为容矿岩体,因此详细开展这几套岩体的评价工作,对于今后的找矿勘探工作具有重要的指导意义。本文通过分析上述三类岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,全岩主微量、稀土元素,Rb-Sr、Sm-Nd、Pb同位素,结果显示三类岩体锆石结晶年龄分别为50.32 Ma、48.34 Ma、49.41 Ma,早于成矿事件,与成矿事件无关。三类岩体均属高钾钙碱性,弱过铝质I型花岗岩,稀土元素呈轻稀土富集的右倾V型模式图,重稀土分馏不明显,明显负δEu,δEu随SiO2含量的升高而降低,推测与岩浆结晶分异的程度有关,微量元素均明显亏损高场强元素Ba、Nb、Sr、Ti,富大离子亲石元素Th、U、K、Cs、Rb。Pb同位素结果表明初始n（^206Pb）/n（^204Pb）、n（^207Pb）/n（^204Pb）、n（^208Pb）/n（^204Pb）计算值较为分散,分别为18.414～18.5137、15.616～15.7039、38.6394～39.0029,放射成因Pb含量较高。初始n（^87Sr）/n（^86Sr）同位素较为均一,主要介于0.70320～0.70477之间。初始n（^143Nd）/n（^144Nd）同位素介于0.51260～0.51265之间,计算得出的εNd（t）为0.51～1.44,均大于0。上述分析结果表明,厅宫矿区大面积分布的容矿始新世岩体并非为成矿岩体,上述岩体具有同源复式侵入特征,岩浆起源与特提斯洋发生的板片前端的拖拽作用造成板片的回旋、断离有关,岩浆起源于新生下地壳/地幔,并在岩浆侵位过程中经历过AFC过程。