The compositions of Pb and Zn mixed rougher concentrates were studied. The process utilizes flotation and gravity flow sheet to separate Pb or Zn. Pb and Zn in the tailings were reclaimed by gravity more efficiently. ...The compositions of Pb and Zn mixed rougher concentrates were studied. The process utilizes flotation and gravity flow sheet to separate Pb or Zn. Pb and Zn in the tailings were reclaimed by gravity more efficiently. This test used an ion-wave shaking table developed by Kunming University of Science and Technology. Based on the test results, the optimum test condition was chosen and testing of synthetic condition was performed. The results show that the process produces a final Zn concentrate with a 42.16% grade and 79.64% recovery and a final Pb concentrate with a 46.52% grade and 78.41% recovery.展开更多
锂硫电池由于其高能量密度、低成本效益被认为是最有前途的下一代电池体系之一.然而多硫化物的穿梭效应大幅降低了锂硫电池的循环稳定性和寿命,严重阻碍其实际应用.无机金属化合物材料改性的隔膜不仅能抑制多硫化锂(LiPS)的穿梭效应,其...锂硫电池由于其高能量密度、低成本效益被认为是最有前途的下一代电池体系之一.然而多硫化物的穿梭效应大幅降低了锂硫电池的循环稳定性和寿命,严重阻碍其实际应用.无机金属化合物材料改性的隔膜不仅能抑制多硫化锂(LiPS)的穿梭效应,其部分特殊的晶面还能加速多硫化物的氧化还原反应动力学.本文在罗盘状ZnS表面原位生长球状的MoO_(2),制备MoO_(2)/ZnS复合材料.MoO_(2)对多硫化物有着较强的吸附作用,ZnS有着良好的电导率,两者的复合可加速电子传导效率和氧化还原速率.以所制备的MoO_(2)/ZnS作为隔膜改性材料,锂硫电池在5 C的大电流密度下,经过1000次循环后仍可以保持690 mAh g^(-1)的放电比容量,平均每圈的容量衰减率仅为0.014%,表现出优异的循环性能和倍率性能.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) hold great promise as a viable alternative to lithium-ion batteries owing to their high energy density and environmental friendliness.However,AZIBs are consistently plagued by the for...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) hold great promise as a viable alternative to lithium-ion batteries owing to their high energy density and environmental friendliness.However,AZIBs are consistently plagued by the formation of zinc dendrites and concurrent side reactions,which significantly diminish their overall service life,In this study,the glass fiber separator(GF) is modified using zeolite imidazole salt framework-8(ZIF-8),enabling the development of efficient AZIBs.ZIF-8,which is abundant in nitrogen content,efficiently regulates the desolvation of [Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)]^(2+) to inhibit hydrogen production.Moreover,it possesses abundant nanochannels that facilitate the uniform deposition of Zn~(2+) via a localized action,thereby hindering the formation of dendrites.The insulating properties of ZIF-8 help prevent Zn^(2+) and water from trapping electron reduction at the layer surface,which reduces corrosion of the zinc anode.Consequently,ZIF-8-GF achieves the even transport of Zn^(2+) and regulates the homogeneous deposition along the Zn(002) crystal surface,thus significantly enhancing the electrochemical performance of the AZIBs,In particular,the Zn|Zn symmetric cell with the ZIF-8-GF separator delivers a stable cycle life at0.5 mA cm^(-2) of 2300 h.The Zn|ZIF-8-GF|MnO_(2) cell exhibits reduced voltage polarization while maintaining a capacity retention rate(93.4%) after 1200 cycles at 1.2 A g^(-1) The unique design of the modified diaphragm provides a new approach to realizing high-performance AZIBs.展开更多
Lime(CaO)and sodium humate(NaHA)were used as the combined depressant for arsenopyrite pre-treated by CuSO_(4) and butyl xanthate.Micro-flotation tests show that the combined depressant CaO and NaHA achieved the select...Lime(CaO)and sodium humate(NaHA)were used as the combined depressant for arsenopyrite pre-treated by CuSO_(4) and butyl xanthate.Micro-flotation tests show that the combined depressant CaO and NaHA achieved the selective depression of arsenopyrite.Closed-circuit lab-scale test results indicate that the synergistic effect of CaO+NaHA achieved a satisfactory flotation separation of sphalerite and arsenopyrite,for which the Zn grade and recovery of Zn concentrate were 51.21%and 92.21%,respectively.Contact angle measurements,adsorption amount measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicate that the dissolved calcium species(mainly as Ca(2+))were adsorbed on the mineral surfaces,thereby promoting NaHA adsorption.Moreover,the surface of the arsenopyrite absorbed more amount of calcium species and NaHA than that of the sphalerite,thereby accounting for the strong hydrophilic surface of arsenopyrite.The adsorption of NaHA on arsenopyrite was mainly chemical adsorption through its carboxyl groups and Ca atoms,whereas that on sphalerite surface was relatively weak.展开更多
The separation of Co 2+ from Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ by anion exchange chromatography was discussed. The chromatographic column containing anion resin 201×7 which was saturated with a solution of ammonium chloride. The eff...The separation of Co 2+ from Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ by anion exchange chromatography was discussed. The chromatographic column containing anion resin 201×7 which was saturated with a solution of ammonium chloride. The effects of the eluant acidity and eluant composition on the separation were investigated. The results indicate that this anion exchange chromatography is suitable to the separation of Co 2+ from Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ , and the condition of separation is simple and convenient. When the column is saturated with NH 4Cl solution (2.0 mol/L, pH=4.0), the separation can be completed effectively. Zn 2+ and Cd 2+ can also be separa ted when different eluants are used and the pure solution with high concentration of Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ respectively can be obtained ea sily.展开更多
Printed circuit boards（PCBs） contain many toxic substances as well as valuable metals, e.g., lead（Pb） and tin（Sn）. In this study, a novel technology, named supergravity, was used to separate different mass ratio...Printed circuit boards（PCBs） contain many toxic substances as well as valuable metals, e.g., lead（Pb） and tin（Sn）. In this study, a novel technology, named supergravity, was used to separate different mass ratios of Pb and Sn from Pb–Sn alloys in PCBs. In a supergravity field, the liquid metal phase can permeate from solid particles. Hence, temperatures of 200, 280, and 400°C were chosen to separate Pb and Sn from PCBs. The results depicted that gravity coefficient only affected the recovery rates of Pb and Sn, whereas it had little effect on the mass ratios of Pb and Sn in the obtained alloys. With an increase in gravity coefficient, the recovery values of Pb and Sn in each step of the separation process increased. In the single-step separation process, the mass ratios of Pb and Sn in Pb–Sn alloys were 0.55, 0.40, and 0.64 at 200, 280, and 400°C, respectively. In the two-step separation process, the mass ratios were 0.12 and 0.55 at 280 and 400°C, respectively. Further, the mass ratio was observed to be 0.76 at 400°C in the three-step separation process. This process provides an innovative approach to the recycling mechanism of Pb and Sn from PCBs.展开更多
An anion-exchange-based chromatographic separation approach was developed to selectively recover zinc and copper from the high-chlorine raffinate generated in the process of germanium chlorination distillation using 7...An anion-exchange-based chromatographic separation approach was developed to selectively recover zinc and copper from the high-chlorine raffinate generated in the process of germanium chlorination distillation using 717 resins based on the coordination difference between Zn^(2+)/Cu^(2+)and Cl^(-).The theoretical calculation and spectroscopic analyses suggested that the coordination between Zn^(2+)and Cl^(-)is much stronger than that between Cu^(2+)and Cl^(-),and the Cl-concentration significantly affects Zn(Ⅱ)and Cu(Ⅱ)species.The factors involving Cl-concentration,resin dosage,shaking speed,and temperature were investigated to determine the optimal condition,and the maximum separation factor of Zn/Cu reached as high as 479.2.The results of the adsorption isotherms,adsorption kinetics,SEM,FTIR,and XPS analyses indicated that the process followed the monolayer uniform chemisorption.Through the continuous adsorption experiments,Zn(Ⅱ)and Cu(Ⅱ)in the high-chlorine raffinate were separately recovered,allowing the reuse of residual waste acid and germanium.展开更多
Aqueous zinc(Zn)batteries with Zn metal anodes are promising clean energy storage devices with intrinsic safety and low cost.However,Zn dendrite growth severely restricts the use of Zn anodes.To effectively suppress Z...Aqueous zinc(Zn)batteries with Zn metal anodes are promising clean energy storage devices with intrinsic safety and low cost.However,Zn dendrite growth severely restricts the use of Zn anodes.To effectively suppress Zn dendrite growth,we propose a bilayer separator consisting of commercial butter paper and glassfiber membrane.The dense cellulose-based butter paper(BP)with low zincophilicity and high mechanical properties prevents the pore-filling behavior of deposited Zn and related separator piercing,effectively suppressing the Zn dendrite growth.As a result,the bilayer separators endow the ZnjjZn symmetrical batteries with a superlong cycling life of Zn anodes(over 5000 h)at 0.5 mA cm^(-2) and the full batteries enhanced capacity retention,demonstrating the advancement of the bilayer separator to afford excellent cyclability of aqueous metal batteries.展开更多
文摘The compositions of Pb and Zn mixed rougher concentrates were studied. The process utilizes flotation and gravity flow sheet to separate Pb or Zn. Pb and Zn in the tailings were reclaimed by gravity more efficiently. This test used an ion-wave shaking table developed by Kunming University of Science and Technology. Based on the test results, the optimum test condition was chosen and testing of synthetic condition was performed. The results show that the process produces a final Zn concentrate with a 42.16% grade and 79.64% recovery and a final Pb concentrate with a 46.52% grade and 78.41% recovery.
文摘锂硫电池由于其高能量密度、低成本效益被认为是最有前途的下一代电池体系之一.然而多硫化物的穿梭效应大幅降低了锂硫电池的循环稳定性和寿命,严重阻碍其实际应用.无机金属化合物材料改性的隔膜不仅能抑制多硫化锂(LiPS)的穿梭效应,其部分特殊的晶面还能加速多硫化物的氧化还原反应动力学.本文在罗盘状ZnS表面原位生长球状的MoO_(2),制备MoO_(2)/ZnS复合材料.MoO_(2)对多硫化物有着较强的吸附作用,ZnS有着良好的电导率,两者的复合可加速电子传导效率和氧化还原速率.以所制备的MoO_(2)/ZnS作为隔膜改性材料,锂硫电池在5 C的大电流密度下,经过1000次循环后仍可以保持690 mAh g^(-1)的放电比容量,平均每圈的容量衰减率仅为0.014%,表现出优异的循环性能和倍率性能.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51872090,51772097)Hebei Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholar(No.E2019209433)+2 种基金Youth Talent Program of Hebei Provincial Education Department(No.BJ2018020)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.E2020209151)the financial support from Donghua University(101-08-0241022,23D210105,and 101-07-005759)。
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) hold great promise as a viable alternative to lithium-ion batteries owing to their high energy density and environmental friendliness.However,AZIBs are consistently plagued by the formation of zinc dendrites and concurrent side reactions,which significantly diminish their overall service life,In this study,the glass fiber separator(GF) is modified using zeolite imidazole salt framework-8(ZIF-8),enabling the development of efficient AZIBs.ZIF-8,which is abundant in nitrogen content,efficiently regulates the desolvation of [Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)]^(2+) to inhibit hydrogen production.Moreover,it possesses abundant nanochannels that facilitate the uniform deposition of Zn~(2+) via a localized action,thereby hindering the formation of dendrites.The insulating properties of ZIF-8 help prevent Zn^(2+) and water from trapping electron reduction at the layer surface,which reduces corrosion of the zinc anode.Consequently,ZIF-8-GF achieves the even transport of Zn^(2+) and regulates the homogeneous deposition along the Zn(002) crystal surface,thus significantly enhancing the electrochemical performance of the AZIBs,In particular,the Zn|Zn symmetric cell with the ZIF-8-GF separator delivers a stable cycle life at0.5 mA cm^(-2) of 2300 h.The Zn|ZIF-8-GF|MnO_(2) cell exhibits reduced voltage polarization while maintaining a capacity retention rate(93.4%) after 1200 cycles at 1.2 A g^(-1) The unique design of the modified diaphragm provides a new approach to realizing high-performance AZIBs.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51974364,51904339,52074355)the 13th Five-Year National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFC1909203)。
文摘Lime(CaO)and sodium humate(NaHA)were used as the combined depressant for arsenopyrite pre-treated by CuSO_(4) and butyl xanthate.Micro-flotation tests show that the combined depressant CaO and NaHA achieved the selective depression of arsenopyrite.Closed-circuit lab-scale test results indicate that the synergistic effect of CaO+NaHA achieved a satisfactory flotation separation of sphalerite and arsenopyrite,for which the Zn grade and recovery of Zn concentrate were 51.21%and 92.21%,respectively.Contact angle measurements,adsorption amount measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicate that the dissolved calcium species(mainly as Ca(2+))were adsorbed on the mineral surfaces,thereby promoting NaHA adsorption.Moreover,the surface of the arsenopyrite absorbed more amount of calcium species and NaHA than that of the sphalerite,thereby accounting for the strong hydrophilic surface of arsenopyrite.The adsorption of NaHA on arsenopyrite was mainly chemical adsorption through its carboxyl groups and Ca atoms,whereas that on sphalerite surface was relatively weak.
文摘The separation of Co 2+ from Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ by anion exchange chromatography was discussed. The chromatographic column containing anion resin 201×7 which was saturated with a solution of ammonium chloride. The effects of the eluant acidity and eluant composition on the separation were investigated. The results indicate that this anion exchange chromatography is suitable to the separation of Co 2+ from Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ , and the condition of separation is simple and convenient. When the column is saturated with NH 4Cl solution (2.0 mol/L, pH=4.0), the separation can be completed effectively. Zn 2+ and Cd 2+ can also be separa ted when different eluants are used and the pure solution with high concentration of Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ respectively can be obtained ea sily.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51704022)
文摘Printed circuit boards（PCBs） contain many toxic substances as well as valuable metals, e.g., lead（Pb） and tin（Sn）. In this study, a novel technology, named supergravity, was used to separate different mass ratios of Pb and Sn from Pb–Sn alloys in PCBs. In a supergravity field, the liquid metal phase can permeate from solid particles. Hence, temperatures of 200, 280, and 400°C were chosen to separate Pb and Sn from PCBs. The results depicted that gravity coefficient only affected the recovery rates of Pb and Sn, whereas it had little effect on the mass ratios of Pb and Sn in the obtained alloys. With an increase in gravity coefficient, the recovery values of Pb and Sn in each step of the separation process increased. In the single-step separation process, the mass ratios of Pb and Sn in Pb–Sn alloys were 0.55, 0.40, and 0.64 at 200, 280, and 400°C, respectively. In the two-step separation process, the mass ratios were 0.12 and 0.55 at 280 and 400°C, respectively. Further, the mass ratio was observed to be 0.76 at 400°C in the three-step separation process. This process provides an innovative approach to the recycling mechanism of Pb and Sn from PCBs.
基金financially supported by the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of Central South University,China(No.140050037)。
文摘An anion-exchange-based chromatographic separation approach was developed to selectively recover zinc and copper from the high-chlorine raffinate generated in the process of germanium chlorination distillation using 717 resins based on the coordination difference between Zn^(2+)/Cu^(2+)and Cl^(-).The theoretical calculation and spectroscopic analyses suggested that the coordination between Zn^(2+)and Cl^(-)is much stronger than that between Cu^(2+)and Cl^(-),and the Cl-concentration significantly affects Zn(Ⅱ)and Cu(Ⅱ)species.The factors involving Cl-concentration,resin dosage,shaking speed,and temperature were investigated to determine the optimal condition,and the maximum separation factor of Zn/Cu reached as high as 479.2.The results of the adsorption isotherms,adsorption kinetics,SEM,FTIR,and XPS analyses indicated that the process followed the monolayer uniform chemisorption.Through the continuous adsorption experiments,Zn(Ⅱ)and Cu(Ⅱ)in the high-chlorine raffinate were separately recovered,allowing the reuse of residual waste acid and germanium.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFF0500600)the Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations,and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.We appreciate Neware Technology Co.,Ltd for their battery test systems in the TJU Nanoyang-Neware Joint Laboratory for Energy Innovation.
文摘Aqueous zinc(Zn)batteries with Zn metal anodes are promising clean energy storage devices with intrinsic safety and low cost.However,Zn dendrite growth severely restricts the use of Zn anodes.To effectively suppress Zn dendrite growth,we propose a bilayer separator consisting of commercial butter paper and glassfiber membrane.The dense cellulose-based butter paper(BP)with low zincophilicity and high mechanical properties prevents the pore-filling behavior of deposited Zn and related separator piercing,effectively suppressing the Zn dendrite growth.As a result,the bilayer separators endow the ZnjjZn symmetrical batteries with a superlong cycling life of Zn anodes(over 5000 h)at 0.5 mA cm^(-2) and the full batteries enhanced capacity retention,demonstrating the advancement of the bilayer separator to afford excellent cyclability of aqueous metal batteries.
