Impact of Action Observation Therapy along with Usual Physiotherapy Intervention of Individual with Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairments in the initial stage, which lead to severe cognitive dysfunction in the later stage. Action observation therapy (AOT) is a multisensory cognitive rehabilitation technique where the patient initially observes the actions and then tries to perform. The study aimed to examine the impact of AOT along with usual physiotherapy interventions to reduce depression, improve cognition and balance of a patient with AD. A 67 years old patient with AD was selected for this study because the patient has been suffering from depression, dementia, and physical dysfunction along with some other health conditions like diabetes and hypertension. Before starting intervention, a baseline assessment was done through the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) tool, the Mini-Cog Scale, and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). The patient received 12 sessions of AOT along with usual physiotherapy interventions thrice a week for four weeks, which included 45 minutes of each session. After four weeks of intervention, the patient demonstrated significant improvement in depression, cognition, and balance, whereas the BDI score declined from moderate 21/63 to mild 15/63 level of depression. The Mini-Cog score improved from 2/5 to 4/5, and the BBS score increased from 18/56 to 37/56. It is concluded that AOT along with usual physiotherapy intervention helps to reduce depression, improve cognition and balance of people with AD.

Combining ability and gene action studies for yield and fibre traits in Gossypium arboreum using Griffings numerical and Haymans graphical approach

Background For the purpose of utilising hybrid vigour to produce possible hybrids with a suitable level of stability,the knowledge of gene activity and combining ability is a crucial prerequisite before choosing desirable parents.The present study was carried out with six parents crossed in full diallel fashion and generated 30 F1 hybrids.These hybrids were evaluated in two replications in Randomized Block Design at Department of Cotton,TNAU for combining ability and gene action.Diallel analysis was carried out according to Griffing’s method-I(parents + F_(1) + reciprocals) and model-I and Hayman’s graphical approach by using INDOSTAT software.Results Analysis of variance for combining ability indicated that mean square values of GCA,SCA and reciprocals were highly significant for all the traits except for the uniformity index.RG763 and K12 showed highly positively significant GCA effects for most of the yield traits while PA838 and K12 for fibre quality traits,so they were found as best general combiners.PAIG379 × K12 and PDB29 × K12 for yield traits,and PDB29 × PA838,RG763 × PA838,and CNA1007 × RG763 cross combinations for fibre quality traits could be recommended for future breeding programms.Conclusion The results of both Griffing’s and Hayman’s approaches showed that non-additive gene action predominates as SCA variance was bigger than GCA variance,so heterosis breeding is thought to be a more fruitful option for enhancing GCA of many traits.

基于S-CAD方法的安全生产治本攻坚政策评估

国务院安委会牵头发布《安全生产治本攻坚三年行动方案(2024—2026年)》(简称“总政策”),为此,各部门制定了31个部门子方案及部分省级行动实施方案(简称“子政策”),从而形成“1+31+N”的安全生产治本攻坚总体方案。论文运用S-CAD方法和NVivo12 Plus软件,对上述政策文本开展量化政策评估。通过系统梳理从目标到结果的逻辑链条,研究发现,总政策与子政策在目标与手段、手段与价值观/立场存在逻辑上的高度一致性,手段对目标的实现上存在较强充分性。在行动方案实施过程中,需要聚焦总政策与子政策的衔接性、政策工具选择的多样性、治理目标的一致性,树立本质安全理念,坚持政府间多部门以及政府、市场与社会多主体双向协同治理,采取行政、市场、法律、社会等多种政策工具,建立事前预防型公共安全治理模式,推进高质量发展和高水平安全良性互动,实现安全生产治理体系和治理能力现代化。

Review on dietary supplements as an effective improvement of Alzheimer's disease:focus on structures and mechanisms

Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the major form of neurodegenerative diseases that can severely impede normal cognitive function,makes it one of the most common fatal diseases.There are currently over 50 million AD patients worldwide.The neuropathology of AD is perplexing and there is a scarcity of disease-modifying treatments.Currently,early diagnosis of AD has been made possible with the discovery of biological markers associated with pathology,providing strong support for the improvement of the disease status.The search for inhibitors of AD markers from dietary supplements(DSs)has become a major hot topic.Especially with the widespread use of DSs,DSs containing polyphenols,alkaloids,terpenes,polysaccharides and other bioactive components can prevent AD by reducing Aβdeposition,inhibiting tau protein hyperphosphorylation,reconstructing synaptic dysfunction,weakening cholinesterase activity,regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress,neuronal inflammation and apoptosis.This review summarizes the anti-AD effects of the main DSs and their bioactive constituents,as well as the potential molecular mechanisms covers from 2017 to 2023.Additionally,we discussed the opportunities and challenges faced by DSs in the process of AD prevention and treatment,aiming to further provide new perspectives for functional food development.

S(+)-氯胺酮的作用机制及临床疗效基础研究进展

S(+)-氯胺酮是氯胺酮的纯右旋对映体,临床主要用于麻醉和镇痛。S(+)-氯胺酮具有即时和延迟效应及神经保护作用、神经毒性,并可影响神经元计时机制、交感神经系统、缺血再灌注损伤、呼吸抑制、脑血管张力、创伤后应激障碍和抗惊恐、抗炎、抗抑郁作用以及精神模拟效应、术后认知功能障碍等,同时还可评估给药途径和药动学。因此,深入研究S(+)-氯胺酮作用机制及临床疗效,可以为临床麻醉和镇痛提供更多选择。

Heuristic Estimation of the Vacuum Energy Density of the Universe: Part II-Analysis Based on Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Radiation

In Part I of this paper, an inequality satisfied by the vacuum energy density of the universe was derived using an indirect and heuristic procedure. The derivation is based on a proposed thought experiment, according to which an electron is accelerated to a constant and relativistic speed at a distance L from a perfectly conducting plane. The charge of the electron was represented by a spherical charge distribution located within the Compton wavelength of the electron. Subsequently, the electron is incident on the perfect conductor giving rise to transition radiation. The energy associated with the transition radiation depends on the parameter L. It was shown that an inequality satisfied by the vacuum energy density will emerge when the length L is pushed to cosmological dimensions and the product of the radiated energy, and the time duration of emission is constrained by Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. In this paper, a similar analysis is conducted with a chain of electrons oscillating sinusoidally and located above a conducting plane. In the thought experiment presented in this paper, the behavior of the energy radiated by the chain of oscillating electrons is studied in the frequency domain as a function of the length L of the chain. It is shown that when the length L is pushed to cosmological dimensions and the energy radiated within a single burst of duration of half a period of oscillation is constrained by the fact that electromagnetic energy consists of photons, an inequality satisfied by the vacuum energy density emerges as a result. The derived inequality is given by where is the vacuum energy density. This result is consistent with the measured value of the vacuum energy density, which is 5.38 × 10-10 J/m. The result obtained here is in better agreement with experimental data than the one obtained in Part I of this paper with time domain radiation.

Empirical Verification of Swanson’s Caring Processes Found in Nursing Actions: Systematic Review

Caring has long been recognized as central to nursing and is increasingly posited as a core concept although developing a theoretical description of caring which is adequate in the 21st. century continues to be a difficult task for nursing scholars. Consequently, verifying existing theoretical structures of caring remains an ongoing challenge. The aim of this article is to provide empirical verification of the caring processes of “knowing,” “being with,” “doing for,” “enabling” and “maintaining belief” from Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory based on the categorization of nursing actions from a systematic literature review on care. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in the fields of nursing sciences, medicine and psychology. Purposeful sampling was carried out covering a period from 2003-2013. The final sample included 25 articles. Results: Major themes of nursing actions included “knowing” which consisted of centering, nurturing, informed understanding, assessment skills, communication and respect for individual differences. “Being with” was characterized by intimate relationship, connecting, presencing, emotional adaptability awareness of self/other and decentering. “Doing for” included competence, knowledge, professional/technical skills, helping actions, anticipatory, multidisciplinary and preserving dignity. “Enabling” was characterized by self care, commitment, complexity of care, appropriate communication, information/education, sharing power, enabling choice and ongoing validation. Finally, “maintaining belief” was characterized by spiritual being, humanistic view, harmonious balance, hope, love, and compassion, meaning, and religious and spiritual orientation. Conclusion: Empirical verification was shown for the caring processes described in Swanson’s Caring Theory grounded in concrete nursing actions.

Repositioning of clinically approved drug Bazi Bushen capsule for treatment of Alzheimer′s disease using network pharma⁃cology approach and in vitro experimental validation

OBJECTIVE To explore the new indications and key mechanism of Bazi Bushen capsule(BZBS)by network pharmacology and in vitro experiment.METHODS The potential tar⁃get profiles of the components of BZBS were pre⁃dicted.Subsequently,new indications for BZBS were predicted by disease ontology(DO)enrich⁃ment analysis and initially validated by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis.Further⁃more,the therapeutic target of BZBS acting on AD signaling pathway were identified by intersec⁃tion analysis.Two Alzheimer′s disease(AD)cell models,BV-2 and SH-SY5Y,were used to pre⁃liminarily verify the anti-AD efficacy and mecha⁃nism of BZBS in vitro.RESULTS In total,1499 non-repeated ingredients were obtained from 16 herbs in BZBS formula,and 1320 BZBS targets with high confidence were predicted.Disease enrichment results strongly suggested that BZBS formula has the potential to be used in the treat⁃ment of AD.In vitro experiments showed that BZ⁃BS could significantly reduce the release of TNF-αand IL-6 and the expression of COX-2 and PSEN1 in Aβ25-35-induced BV-2 cells.BZBS reduced the apoptosis rate of Aβ25-35 induced SH-SY5Y cells,significantly increased mitochon⁃drial membrane potential,reduced the expres⁃sion of Caspase3 active fragment and PSEN1,and increased the expression of IDE.CONCLU⁃SIONS BZBS formula has a potential use in the treatment of AD,which is achieved through regu⁃lation of ERK1/2,NF-κB signaling pathways,and GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.Further⁃more,the network pharmacology technology is a feasible drug repurposing strategy to reposition new clinical use of approved TCM and explore the mechanism of action.The study lays a foun⁃dation for the subsequent in-depth study of BZBS in the treatment of AD and provides a basis for its application in the clinical treatment of AD.

Forestry Action Program——On China's 21st Century Agenda

Environment and development are important issues of common concern to societies of the contemporary world. They have a direct bearing on the destiny of mankind, as well as the future of the world. Their influence extends to every country, every people and every individual in this world. Forests are the key and bond to carry out the integration of environment and development. It has become a consensus in international society. Forestry shoulders two missions: optimization of the environment and promotion

Mach’s Principle, Action at a Distance and Cosmology

Hoyle and Narlikar (HN) in the 1960’s [1] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F005200650066003400310031003900330036003000340034000000 -[3] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F005200650066003400310031003900330036003000340037000000 developed a theory of gravitation which was completely Machian and used both retarded and advanced waves to communicate gravitational influence between particles. The advanced waves, which travel backward in time, are difficult to visualize and although they are mathematically allowed by relativistic wave equations, they never really caught on. The HN theory reduced to Einstein’s theory of gravity in the smooth fluid approximation and a transformation into the rest frame of the fluid. Hawking [4] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F005200650066003400310031003900330036003000350030000000 in 1965 pointed out a possible flaw in the theory. This involved integrating out into the distant future to account for all the advanced waves which might influence the mass of a particle here and now. Hawking used infinity as his upper time limit and showed the integral was divergent. We point out that since the universe is known to be expanding, and accelerating, the upper limit in the advanced wave time integral should not be infinite but is bounded by the Cosmic Event Horizon. This event horizon He represents a barrier between future events that can be observed and those which cannot. We show that the advanced wave integral is finite when He/C, is used as the upper limit of the advanced wave integral. Hawking’s objection is no longer valid and the HN theory becomes a working theory once again.

基于S曲线和分子对接技术对不同香气物质相互作用研究

通过S曲线法测定了9种天然产物中的香气物质的识别阈值,并将这9种香气物质按食品中常见的5种香韵(烤香、木香、甜香、酸香和果香香韵)进行分类,研究香气二元混合物之间的相互作用研究,香韵结构两两组合共得到32组混合物,通过双向协同研究,共计64组数据,不同香韵的香气物质之间呈现的相互作用大部分是掩盖效果和协同效果,小部分呈现出加成作用。利用分子对接技术对4组香气物质(5-甲基糠醛、丁酸、愈创木酚和丙酸)与嗅觉受体OR1D2进行研究,结果显示,香气化合物可以通过氢键和疏水键与嗅觉受体OR1D2上的氨基酸残基发生相互作用,从而激活嗅觉受体,以实现香味的感知。香气化合物之间会通过竞争活性位点来使某种气味被感知到的强度减弱,而有些香气化合物之间可能会相互协作与受体之间的活性位点结合,从而表现出协同作用。

How U.S. Antidumping Actions Affect China＇s Inward and Outward FDI

This paper presents an empirical study of how U.S. antidumping （AD） actions against China affect China ＇s inward and outward foreign direct investment （FDI） based on the international division of labor model. Our findings are as follows： （1） The U.S.-China trade deficit has been widened by both downstream firms in China established through vertical FDI and also inward enterprises established through horizontal FDI. The widening deficit in turn exacerbates vitriolic complaints in the U.S. about injury to its industries. This will lead to further U.S. AD actions discouraging FDI in China. （2） U.S. AD cases against China have negatively impacted China＇s metal manufacturing, chemical and, especially, textile industries in terms of exports and inward FDI. From 2004 to 2009, the share of total inward FDI going to China＇s manufacturing sector has dropped drastically by almost 20 percent. This supports predictions made using the international division of labor model. （3） With U.S. AD actions against Chinese products on the rise, Chinese firms chose not to circumvent such barriers through outward FDI in the U.S. but rather through outward FDI in tax havens. Such a pattern of outward FDI is not helpful for China to establish its own successful industrial development model.

China's Action Plan on IPR Protection 2006

China’s terrific trade growth is often getting a lot of flake from its international peers for one of the many alleged reasons that China, more often than not, infringes intellectual property right (IPR),’copyright theft’ as a far-fetched simile puts it. But China’s efforts to crack down on infringements are also applauded worldwide; the source from The Ministry of Commerce provides the following ’Action Plan 2006’ to fight IPR violation.

Peasants and Alligators: A Love Story in China's Countryside

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A Contribution to the DLF-Theory: On Singularities of the SU(2,2)-Action in U(1,1)

Segal’s chronometric theory is based on a space-time D, which might be viewed as a Lie group with a causal structure defined by an invariant Lorentzian form on the Lie algebra u(2). Similarly, the space-time F is realized as the Lie group with a causal structure defined by an invariant Lorentzian form on u(1,1). Two Lie groups G, GF are introduced as representations of SU(2,2): they are related via conjugation by a certain matrix Win Gl(4). The linear-fractional action of G on D is well-known to be global, conformal, and it plays a crucial role in the analysis on space-time bundles carried out by Paneitz and Segal in the 1980’s. This analysis was based on the parallelizing group U(2). In the paper, singularities’ general (“geometric”) description of the linear-fractional conformal GF-action on F is given and specific examples are presented. The results call for the analysis of space-time bundles based on U(1,1) as the parallelizing group. Certain key stages of such an analysis are suggested.

Action Plan to Promote All-Round Progress in China's Human Rights Cause——An Interview with Wang Chen,director of the State Council Information Office

EDITOR＇S NOTE： The National Human Rights Action Plan of China （2009-2010） has won favorable comments in China and abroad since its publication by the Information Office of the State Council on April 13, 2009. Here is a transcript of an interview given to our reporters by Wang Chen, director of the Office, on the Action Plan, which we hope will help our readers gain a better understanding of China＇s human rights cause and its development.

Hints of the Photonic Nature of the Electromagnetic Fields in Classical Electrodynamics

Several recent publications show that the electromagnetic radiation generated by transmitting antennas satisfy the following universal conditions: The time domain radiation fields satisfy the condition A ≥ h/4π ⇒q ≥ e where A is the action of the radiation field, which is defined as the product of the radiated energy and the duration of the radiation, h is the Planck constant, e is the electronic charge and q is the charge associated with the radiating system. The frequency domain radiation fields satisfy the condition U ≥ hv ⇒q ≥ e where U is the energy radiated in a single burst of radiation of duration T/2 and v is the frequency of oscillation. The goal of this paper is to show that these conditions, which indeed are expressions of the photonic nature of the electromagnetic fields, are satisfied not only by the radiation fields generated by physical antennas but also by the radiation fields generated by accelerating or decelerating electric charges. The results presented here together with the results obtained in previous studies show that hints of the photonic nature of the electromagnetic radiation remain hidden in the field equations of classical electrodynamics, and they become apparent when the dimension of the radiating system is pushed to the extreme limits as allowed by nature.

Heuristic Estimation of the Vacuum Energy Density of the Universe: Part I—Analysis Based on Time Domain Electromagnetic Radiation

In this paper, an inequality satisfied by the vacuum energy density of the universe is derived using an indirect and heuristic procedure. The derivation is based on a proposed thought experiment, according to which an electron is accelerated to a constant and relativistic speed at a distance L from a perfectly conducting plane. The charge of the electron is represented by a spherical charge distribution located within the Compton wavelength of the electron. Subsequently, the electron is incident on the perfect conductor giving rise to transition radiation. The energy associated with the transition radiation depends on the parameter L. It is shown that an inequality satisfied by the vacuum energy density will emerge when the length L is pushed to cosmological dimensions and the product of the radiated energy and the time duration of emission are constrained by Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. The inequality derived is given by ρΛ ≤ 9.9×10-9J/m3 where ρΛ is the vacuum energy density. This result is consistent with the measured value of the vacuum energy density, which is 0.538 × 10-9J/m. Since there is a direct relationship between the vacuum energy density and the Einstein’s cosmological constant, the inequality can be converted directly to that of the cosmological constant.

建构主义视角下农民集体行动研究——基于鄂北两村的调查

乡村治理现代化的程度,关乎乡村振兴战略实施和农村基层治理全局,也直接影响着国家治理现代化的进程与成效,而农民集体行动能力则是乡村治理现代化的重要指标。本研究从建构主义的视角出发,在动态关系中洞悉农民集体行动的生成机制与行动逻辑,发现农民集体行动归根结底就是情境实践,即农民集体行动是在制度情境、本土情境、事件情境下,以共同利益为基础促进成员组织化参与,在不同的主体互动中达成行动目标的共识,借助公共权威、社会信任、社会网络等建立协作配合的合作关系,构建起基层治理共同体的过程。

加快推进广东省灌区水效“领跑者”创建的思考

深入学习习近平总书记治水重要论述精神,在新阶段进一步推进节水工作,挖掘灌区节水潜力。跟进我国灌区水效领跑者引领行动的积极进展,总结各省的先进做法和经验,聚焦分析行动过程中的实施难点,立足广东省实际和农业用水管理发展需求、新阶段水利高质量发展要求,为广东省加快创建灌区水效“领跑者”提供基础支撑和有效思路。