Experience of Mental Health Professionals Collaborating with Peer Supporters in a Community Mental Health Service Team

This study explored how mental health professionals collaborate with peer supporters with mental disabilities in a community mental health institution.From January 19 to February 23,2021,three 60 min interviews were conducted with six mental health professionals working at a Korean community center.The results were qualitatively analyzed and divided into four themes and eight categories.The four themes were the perceptions of and challenges in working with peer supporters with mental disabilities,conflict and confusion about working with peer supporters,forming partnerships with peer supporters,and policy support for peer supporters’job security.Participants reported vague anxiety about working with a peer supporter and difficulties with the trial-and-error process of adjusting to the role as challenging.Over time,however,they realized that they needed to make an effort to develop meaningful relationships with peer supporters and mental health professionals.Thus,through this study,we realized that there was a need to improve the system,such as building infrastructure for job stability for peer support workers and capacity building tailored to the mental disorders.Although peer supporters play various roles while working with mental health professionals,this study showed the possibility of mutual growth through communication and cooperation.These findings will help prepare systems necessary for collaboration between the two teams amidst the increasing institutionalization of peer support for mental disorders.

Peer Support in Improving Self-Efficacy of Rural Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and the Application of Drugs to Reduce the Pain from Diabetes

Objective: This study aims to explore the effect of peer support in improving self-efficacy of rural patients with type 2 diabetes and the application of drugs to reduce the pain from diabetes. Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes in the rural area were selected and they were divided into the peer group and control group with voluntary. The patients in peer support group applied six kinds of activity patterns, while the control group was carried out with routine activities. Results: Comparison indexes for the two groups are mastering degree of related knowledge to diabetes, control compliance rate of indicators related to diabetes, and management of diabetes self-efficacy. Comparing with the control group, indexes in peer support group were significantly increased (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, in the table of diabetes distress, 17 items have been improved and the occurrence rate of painful diabetic decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Peer support can improve the rural patients’ self-efficacy of type 2 diabetes and decrease patients’ pain from type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Peer support improving the life quality of colostomy patients with colorectal cancer

Psychosocial barriers for people with an enterostomy remain a huge challenge for the health system.Recent research findings have shown that peer support has a significant effect on the psychological support of patients undergoing permanent enterostomies.This paper explores the current state of research on peer support for patients with an intestinal stoma through a literature review approach to provide scientific evidence for researchers,clinicians,and policy makers in this field.The findings suggest that the innovative use of peer support in psychological interventions for colorectal cancer stoma patients can provide them with knowledge skills,resource information,emotional support,and assessment support,which can help to facilitate the adaptation of stoma patients to their role,improve their ability to manage their stoma and ensure their physical and psychological well-being.

Can Social Support be Protective against Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents from 24 Low- and Middle-Income Countries?

Background:Adolescents are highly vulnerable to depressive symptoms worldwide partially because of limited social supports.However,it still remains largely unknown regarding the associations between social support(s)and depressive symptoms among adolescents living in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs).The aim of this study aimed to explore the associations between different types of social support and depressive symptoms in adolescents from LMICs.Methods:Data were retrieved from the Global School-based Health Survey(GSHS)in which 92,551 adolescents(50.6%females)were included with mean of 15.6 years.Depressive symptoms in the past one month as the dependent variable were measured in combination with social support(was measured by“During the past 30 days,how often were most of the students in your school kind and helpful?”).Multivariable logistic regression and meta-analysis of country-wise estimates were performed to investigate the associations between social support and depressive symptoms,and the heterogeneity of the associations across the countries,respectively.Results:The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 30.9%of adolescents from LMICs.Peer support and parental connectedness were two major factors that were significantly associated with depression symptoms in adolescents.However,the associations of peer support and parental connectedness with depressive symptoms were significant in males and females,respectively.The country-wise analysis indicated that varied inconsistency(small to large)across the associations of peer support and parental connectedness with depressive symptoms in adolescents.Conclusion:Results in this study provides multi-national evidence of the protective roles of social support against depressive symptoms among adolescents.However,the association between social support and depression symptoms may be moderated by sex and types of social support.Although we found that social sup-port may be an important protective factor against depressive symptoms in adolescents from LMICs,specifically designed interventions should be implemented based on sex difference and country difference.

Peer-assisted learning to train high-school students to perform basic life-support

BACKGROUND: The inclusion of cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) in formal education has been a useful approach to providing basic life support(BLS) services. However, because not all students have been able to learn directly from certified instructors, we studied the educational efficacy of the use of peer-assisted learning(PAL) to train high-school students to perform BLS services.METHODS: This study consisted of 187 high-school students: 68 participants served as a control group and received a 1-hour BLS training from a school nurse, and 119 were included in a PAL group and received a 1-hour CPR training from a PAL leader. Participants' BLS training was preceded by the completion of questionnaires regarding their background. Three months after the training, the participants were asked to respond to questionnaires about their willingness to perform CPR on bystander CPR and their retention of knowledge of BLS.RESULTS: We found no statistically significant difference between the control and PAL groups in their willingness to perform CPR on bystanders(control: 55.2%, PAL: 64.7%, P=0.202). The PAL group was not significantly different from the control group(control: 60.78±39.77, PAL: 61.76±17.80, P=0.848) in retention of knowledge about BLS services.CONCLUSION: In educating high school students about BLS, there was no significant difference between PAL and traditional education in increasing the willingness to provide CPR to bystanders or the ability to retain knowledge about BLS.

患者同伴支持的喜与忧质性研究

运用参与型实地观察、质性访谈法和扎根理论等方法对患者同伴支持进行研究。研究发现,一方面,同伴支持网络作为一种“多赢”的社会支持模式,在许多病种患者群体中取得了积极效果,成为了病友之间的情感寄托,有利于缓和紧张的医患关系,改善病友与社会的联结,提高病患及其照顾家属的身心健康和社会福利水平;另一方面,也出现了某些突破同伴支持边界的行为,给病友造成情感以及财产上的损失,甚至因为援助过度而将自己陷入了非法领域。

情志疗法联合同伴支持对老年高血压患者依从性、心理状态的影响初探

目的分析情志疗法联合同伴支持治疗对老年高血压患者自我管理及生活质量的价值。方法选择2020年10月—2021年10月在杭州市红十字会医院老年病科进行治疗的117例老年高血压患者作为研究对象,依据计算机随机编码法将患者随机分为两组,对照组(n=58)、观察组(n=59)。对照组实施常规护理,观察组实施同伴支持联合情志疗法干预。观察并比较两组患者自我管理、血压情况。结果比较干预前,两组患者干预后饮食、服药、工作与休息管理、情绪管理、病情监测、活动管理,得分均显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),干预后观察组患者血压明显比对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年高血压患者进行同伴支持联合情志疗法,可改善其血压,提高其自我管理的能力,有利于其生活质量的提高,值得临床应用。

同伴支持护理模式用于踝关节马蹄畸形外支架固定术后的效果

目的分析同伴支持护理模式在踝关节外支架固定术后的应用价值。方法选择2017年1月~2018年12月在我院骨科接受踝关节外支架固定术的马蹄足患者92例,其中2017年1月~2017年12月(同伴支持模式实施前)收治的50例纳入对照组,为常规术后处理;2018年1月~2018年12月(实施后)收治的42例纳入观察组,为同伴支持护理模式。比较两组应用效果。结果观察组患侧踝关节恢复中立位时间、弃拐正常行走时间较对照组短(P<0.05);干预后视觉模拟疼痛(VAS)评分低于对照组,美国矫形足踝协会(AOFAS)评分、住院满意度评分高于对照组(P<0.05);并发症发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论常规护理结合同伴支持护理模式更利于踝关节外支架固定术患者术后恢复,患者住院满意度更高。

Experienced Involvement (ExIn) in Social-Psychiatric Care of Germany-Challenges and Chances

This study explores the integration of Experienced Involvement(ExIn)in social-psychiatric care in Germany,emphasizing both the challenges and opportunities it presents.The European Leonardo da Vinci Project(2005-2007)established a curriculum for ExIn,promoting participatory structures in psychiatric services.While peer support is well-established in other European countries,Germany’s experience is still developing.This research uses a mixed methods design,combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews,to investigate the professional experiences of ExIn recovery companions and team colleagues in German clinics and support services.The findings reveal numerous benefits:for social-psychiatric services,ExIn enhances service quality,inclusivity,and accessibility;for team colleagues,it fosters reflexivity,hope,and trust,and improves self-care;for service users,it provides empowerment,easy access to support,trust,and hope,and offers credible role models.Despite these benefits,challenges such as stigmatization,lack of recognition,and financial constraints remain and require to be addressed.The study highlights the need and provides implications for a dedicated and inclusive approach to effectively implementing ExIn,ultimately enriching psychiatric care through experiential knowledge and reducing prejudice within mental health services.

同伴支持对中年心力衰竭患者心理状态及生活质量的影响研究

目的探讨同伴支持干预对中年心力衰竭患者的影响。方法选取2019年5月至2022年5月某医院收治的200例中年心力衰竭患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为支持组和常规组,各100例。常规组实施常规护理干预,支持组在常规组的基础上联合同伴支持进行干预。比较两组患者心功能水平、躯体化症状、创伤后成长、生活质量及不良事件发生情况。结果同伴支持干预后支持组左心室射血分数高于常规组,6 min步行试验距离远于常规组,左心室舒张末期内径和N末端脑钠肽前体低于常规组(P<0.01);两组患者躯体化症状得分均降低,且支持组低于常规组(P<0.01);两组患者创伤后成长得分及生活质量各维度得分均提高,且支持组高于常规组(P<0.01);支持组不良事件发生率低于常规组(P<0.05)。结论运用同伴支持干预可以改善中年心力衰竭患者各项心功能指标,促进创伤后成长,减少躯体化症状及不良事件的发生,进而提高患者生活质量。

同辈支持学习在临床护士循证护理培训中的应用

目的评价同辈支持学习在临床护士循证护理理论培训中的应用效果。方法对39名临床护士进行基于同辈支持学习的循证护理理论培训,共14次小组活动。比较培训前后临床护士循证护理实践知识、态度、行为和循证护理能力。结果培训后,护士的循证护理实践知识、态度、行为得分及循证护理能力得分显著高于培训前(均P<0.05)。结论同辈支持学习用于临床护士循证护理理论培训,可有效提高循证护理实践知信行水平和循证护理能力。

同伴支持干预在维持性血液透析病人中的应用

目的:探讨同伴支持干预在维持性血液透析病人(MHD)中的应用效果。方法:2022年1月—12月,选取在山西省某三级甲等医院血液透析中心90例行维持性血液透析的病人作为研究对象,将其随机分成观察组和对照组,各45例。对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组在对照组的基础上实施同伴支持干预,比较两组干预前后自我管理能力、病耻感、社会支持及负性情绪水平。结果:干预6个月后,两组病人一般生活管理、症状管理、急救管理、疾病知识管理、治疗依从性管理、情绪认知管理得分均提高,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组病耻感总分、内在病耻感、外在病耻感得分均下降,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组社会支持、家庭支持、朋友支持、其他支持得分均提高,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组焦虑、抑郁分量表得分及医院焦虑抑郁量表总分均下降,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:同伴支持干预有助于提高维持性血液透析病人自我管理能力,降低病耻感,提高社会支持水平,缓解焦虑、抑郁情绪。

直肠癌永久性结肠造口术患者延续护理中同伴支持模式的研究

目的探究直肠癌永久性结肠造口术患者延续护理中同伴支持模式的作用。方法选取(2022年1月至2022年12月)厦门大学附属第一医院收治的直肠癌永久性结肠造口术患者120例,以随机数字表法作为分组依据,均60例。对照组患者予以常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上予以延续护理中同伴支持模式。对比两组自护能力[自我护理能力量表(ESCA)]、生活质量[生命质量测定量表(QLQ-C30)]。结果护理后,观察组自护能力(自我护理技能、自我概念、健康知识、自我护理责任)高于对照组(P<0.05)。经护理,观察组角色功能、躯体功能、社会功能、认知功能、情绪功能分值高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论予以直肠癌永久性结肠造口术患者的延续护理联合同伴支持模式,不仅提升了患者的生存质量,增强其自我护理能力,同时也可改善患者预后,有效延长其生存时间。

朋辈互助促进老年群体数字社会融入的路径与机制研究--基于一个超大城市的参与式案例分析

老龄化与数字化成为当今中国的两大特点,老年群体如何适应并融入数字社会是积极老龄化的重点之一。现实表明,当政策落地与技术创新的长时性与复杂性需要充分条件增效,且来自家庭的代际支持滞后甚至消失时,朋辈效应的发挥将成为无法忽视的数字支持,其本身的主动性、普遍性和可持续性能够有效地促进老年群体的数字融入。应用案例分析方法,关注老年群体受朋辈效应驱动,在数字融入进程中完成数字角色的重构与迭代,个体在环境、工具和人际的多重作用下完成数字融入的蜕变过程。为全面挖掘朋辈效应推动数字融入的潜力,构建“动机触发互助路径作用机制”综合分析框架以观察和理解老年群体在融入过程中的行为模式,通过参与式案例观测厘清朋辈效应促进数字融入的三重互构路径“动机嵌入场景整合行动扩散”,并进一步深入揭示老年群体在数字融入进程中以朋辈互助为核心,由具有融入共识和合作行动的多元互动关系凝聚而成,三维一体的“互助主体互助结构互助模式”的互构支持型的融入持续循环机制,揭示“数字贫困者”数字脱贫的行为逻辑,深入挖掘动态演化的形成机理,由此从现实维度切入提供不同层面的建议对策,以期从新角度解答促进老年群体数字融入的问题。

谁的支持对学习投入影响大:老师还是同学?——基于中职生自尊的中介效应分析

学习投入是影响学生学业投入的重要因素,研究基于对上海市中等职业技术学校554名中职生的调查研究,以中职生自尊水平为中介,同时考察同学支持和教师支持对学习投入的影响。经过AMOS建立SEM结构方程模型以及SPSS单因素方差分析,得出以下结论:中职生自尊水平普遍偏低,且自尊水平并未在家庭背景、年级及户籍性质因子上产生显著差异;中职校同学支持对学习投入的直接效应大于教师支持,且对学习投入呈现正向促进作用;中职校同学支持对学生的自尊水平起到显著的反向影响作用,而教师对中职生的自尊水平未起到显著影响作用;中职生的自尊水平对学习投入起到显著的抑制作用。部分研究发现从表面上看有些不符合常识,但经过深入分析能够得到解释,并有助于更加深入地理解中职生自尊与学习的关系。建议教师应给予学生多方位支持,正确引导非正式学生群体的形成与发展,教给学生正确维护自尊的方法,这样才能增强学生对职业教育的积极情感,切实提高中职生的学习投入水平。

育龄期男性癌症患者生育忧虑的潜在剖面分析及影响因素

目的探究育龄期男性癌症患者生育忧虑的异质性,为不同亚群体患者制定个性化干预方案提供参考。方法选取236例育龄期男性癌症患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、癌症后生育忧虑量表-男性版及癌症患者同伴支持量表进行调查,对其生育忧虑进行潜在剖面分析。结果育龄期男性癌症患者生育忧虑得分为63.19±8.25,其生育忧虑分为低生育忧虑-挂念子女健康组(30.93%)、中等生育忧虑-担忧个人健康组(42.37%)与高生育忧虑-顾忌伴侣知晓组(26.70%)3个潜在剖面。年龄小、文化程度高、未育、具有生育意愿、缺乏同伴支持者更易发展为高生育忧虑-顾忌伴侣知晓组(均P<0.05)。结论育龄期男性癌症患者生育忧虑处于中等偏高水平,呈现3种类别。临床工作中医护人员应对患者不同忧虑状况进行识别,以实施针对性干预措施减轻男性患者的生育忧虑。

乳腺癌患者使用移动医疗工具质性研究的Meta整合

目的系统整合乳腺癌患者使用移动医疗工具的体验和感受,为研发更符合患者需求的移动医疗工具提供参考。方法在Web of Science、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、中国知网、万方数据、维普网检索关于乳腺癌患者使用移动医疗工具的质性研究,检索时限为建库至2024年3月,按照JBI质性研究质量评价标准进行文献质量评价,采用汇集性整合法对结果进行整合。结果共纳入12篇文献,提炼出70个明确的研究结果,将相似的研究结果归纳形成11个新类别,最终得出3个整合结果:乳腺癌患者使用移动医疗工具的有益体验;影响乳腺癌患者使用移动医疗工具的因素;乳腺癌患者使用移动医疗工具的期望。结论乳腺癌患者对移动医疗工具的使用体验较好,但也从功能设计、信息支持、社会支持等方面提出多样化的需求。医护人员及研发人员需关注患者在使用移动医疗工具过程中的体验和感受,完善相关配套支持体系,以帮助患者实现自我管理。

同伴支持在脑卒中患者中应用的范围综述

目的对同伴支持干预在脑卒中患者中应用的研究进行范围审查,以识别同伴干预的要素及应用现状。方法以乔安娜布里格斯研究所范围综述指南为方法学框架,检索PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方和中国生物医学数据库中相关研究。检索时限为建库至2023年10月28日。结果纳入18篇文献,从纳入文献基本信息、干预类型、同伴支持者类型、会议主题和结局指标5个方面进行了总结与分析。结论同伴支持应用于脑卒中患者具有可行性和有效性,但亟需高质量研究与系统全面的干预方案。未来可进一步完善实验设计,进行更多纵向及质性研究,实施更加全面的效果与效益评估研究,为脑卒中患者提供更符合实际情况的个性化同伴支持干预。

基于IMB模型的同伴支持教育在2型糖尿病患者自我管理中的应用

目的探讨基于信息-动机-行为技巧(IMB)模型的同伴支持教育在2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者自我管理中的应用效果。方法将130例T2DM患者随机分为对照组和研究组,各65例。对照组患者给予常规健康教育,研究组患者给予基于IMB模型的同伴支持教育,均干预6个月。干预前后,采用糖尿病自我效能量表(DSES)、糖尿病患者自我管理行为量表(SDSCA)评估两组患者自我效能和自我管理能力,采用葡萄糖氧化酶法和高压液相色谱法检测两组患者血糖水平[空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)]。结果研究组患者失访2例,完成研究63例;对照组患者失访3例,完成研究62例;两组脱落率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,两组患者DSES评分、SDSCA各维度评分均较干预前升高,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.01)。干预后,两组患者空腹血糖、HbA1c水平均较干预前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论基于IMB模型的同伴支持教育能提高T2DM患者自我效能及自我管理能力,从而改善血糖控制状况。

同伴支持小组模式干预对髋关节置换术患者康复效果的影响

目的:探讨同伴支持小组模式干预用于髋关节置换术患者中的价值。方法:选取2021年1月—2022年12月武汉中西医结合骨科医院收治的108例行髋关节置换术的患者,按照随机数字表法将其分为试验组和对照组,各54例。对照组采用常规护理方法,试验组在常规护理的基础上联合同伴支持小组模式干预。比较两组干预前后髋关节功能、自我效能感、社会支持及心理复原力变化情况。结果:干预后,两组Harris髋关节功能量表(HHS)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、康纳-戴维森心理复原力量表(CD-RISC)评分均高于干预前,且试验组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:同伴支持小组模式干预对提升髋关节置换术患者髋关节功能和自我效能感有积极意义,同时有利于提升患者社会支持水平,提高其压力适应和调节能力。