Management of lateral pelvic lymph nodes in rectal cancer:Is it time to reach an Agreement?

In this editorial,we proceed to comment on the article by Chua et al,addressing the management of metastatic lateral pelvic lymph nodes(mLLN)in stage II/III rectal cancer patients below the peritoneal reflection.The treatment of this nodal area sparks significant controversy due to the strategic differences followed by Eastern and Western physicians,albeit with a higher degree of convergence in recent years.The dissection of lateral pelvic lymph nodes without neoadjuvant therapy is a standard practice in Eastern countries.In contrast,in the West,preference leans towards opting for neoadjuvant therapy with chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy,that would cover the treatment of this area without the need to add the dissection of these nodes to the total mesorectal excision.In the presence of high-risk nodal characteristics for mLLN related to radiological imaging and lack of response to neoadjuvant therapy,the risk of lateral local recurrence increases,suggesting the appropriate selection of strategies to reduce the risk of recurrence in each patient profile.Despite the heterogeneous and retrospective nature of studies addressing this area,an international consensus is necessary to approach this clinical scenario uniformly.

Feasibility and limitations of combined treatment for lateral pelvic lymph node metastases in rectal cancer

Colorectal cancer ranks among the most commonly diagnosed cancers globally,and is associated with a high rate of pelvic recurrence after surgery.In efforts to mitigate recurrence,pelvic lymph node dissection(PLND)is commonly advocated as an adjunct to radical surgery.Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(NACRT)is a therapeutic approach employed in managing locally advanced rectal cancer,and has been found to increase the survival rates.Chua et al have proposed a combination of NACRT with selective PLND for addressing lateral pelvic lymph node metastases in rectal cancer patients,with the aim of reducing recurrence and improving survival outcomes.Nevertheless,certain studies have indicated that the addition of PLND to NACRT and total mesorectal excision did not yield a significant reduction in local recurrence rates or improvement in survival.Consequently,meticulous patient selection and perioperative chemotherapy may prove indispensable in ensuring the efficacy of PLND.

Current perspectives on the management of lateral pelvic lymph nodes in rectal cancer

Significant controversies exist with regards to the optimal management of lateral pelvic lymph nodes metastases(mLLN)in patients with low rectal cancer.The differing views held by Japanese and Western clinicians on the management of mLLN have been well documented.However,the adequacy of pelvic lymph node dissection(PLND)or neoadjuvant chemoradiation(NACRT)alone in addition to total mesorectal excision(TME)have recently come into question,due to the relatively high incidence of lateral local recurrences following PLND and TME,or NACRT and TME alone.Recently,a more selective approach to PLND has been suggested,involving a combination of neoadjuvant therapy,followed by PLND only to patients in whom the oncological benefit is likely to outweigh the risk of potential adverse events.A number of studies have attempted to retrospectively identify certain nodal characteristics on preoperative imaging,such as nodal size,appearance,and size reduction following neoadjuvant therapy.However,no consensus has been reached regarding the optimal criteria for a selective approach to PLND,partly due to the heterogeneity and retrospective nature of most of these studies.This review aims to provide an overview of recent evidence with regards to the diagnostic challenges,considerations for,and outcomes of the current management strategies for mLLN in rectal cancer patients.

Lateral pelvic lymph nodes for rectal cancer:A review of diagnosis and management

The current status and future prospects for diagnosis and treatment of lateral pelvic lymph node(LPLN)metastasis of rectal cancer are described in this review.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is recommended for the diagnosis of LPLN metastasis.A LPLN-positive status on MRI is a strong risk factor for metastasis,and evaluation by MRI is important for deciding treatment strategy.LPLN dissection(LPLD)has an advantage of reducing recurrence in the lateral pelvis but also has a disadvantage of complications;therefore,LPLD may not be appropriate for cases that are less likely to have LPLN metastasis.Radiation therapy(RT)and chemoradiation therapy(CRT)have limited effects in cases with suspected LPLN metastasis,but a combination of preoperative CRT and LPLD may improve the treatment outcome.Thus,RT and CRT plus selective LPLD may be a rational strategy to omit unnecessary LPLD and produce a favorable treatment outcome.

Application of indocyanine green-enhanced near-infrared fluorescence-guided imaging in laparoscopic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection for middle-low rectal cancer

BACKGROUND As one effective treatment for lateral pelvic lymph node(LPLN)metastasis(LPNM),laparoscopic LPLN dissection(LPND)is limited due to the complicated anatomy of the pelvic sidewall and various complications after surgery.With regard to improving the accuracy and completeness of LPND as well as safety,we tried an innovative method using indocyanine green(ICG)visualized with a near-infrared(NIR)camera system to guide the detection of LPLNs in patients with middle-low rectal cancer.AIM To investigate whether ICG-enhanced NIR fluorescence-guided imaging is a better technique for LPND in patients with rectal cancer.METHODS A total of 42 middle-low rectal cancer patients with clinical LPNM who underwent total mesorectal excision(TME)and LPND between October 2017 and March 2019 at our institution were assessed and divided into an ICG group and a non-ICG group.Clinical characteristics,operative outcomes,pathological outcomes,and postoperative complication information were compared and analysed between the two groups.RESULTS Compared to the non-ICG group,the ICG group had significantly lower intraoperative blood loss(55.8±37.5 mL vs 108.0±52.7 mL,P=0.003)and a significantly larger number of LPLNs harvested(11.5±5.9 vs 7.1±4.8,P=0.017).The LPLNs of two patients in the non-IVG group were residual during LPND.In addition,no significant difference was found in terms of LPND,LPNM,operative time,conversion to laparotomy,preoperative complication,or hospital stay(P>0.05).CONCLUSION ICG-enhanced NIR fluorescence-guided imaging could be a feasible and convenient technique to guide LPND because it could bring specific advantages regarding the accuracy and completeness of surgery as well as safety.

Prophylactic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection in stage Ⅳ low rectal cancer

AIM To assess the clinical significance of prophylactic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLND) in stage Ⅳ low rectal cancer.METHODS We selected 71 consecutive stage Ⅳ low rectal cancer patients who underwent primary tumor resection,and enrolled 50 of these 71 patients without clinical LPLN metastasis.The patients had distant metastasis such as liver,lung,peritoneum,and paraaortic LN.Clinical LPLN metastasis was defined as LN with a maximum diameter of 10 mm or more on preoperative pelvic computed tomography scan.All patients underwent primary tumor resection,27 patients underwent total mesorectal excision(TME) with LPLND(LPLND group),and 23 patients underwent only TME(TME group).Bilateral LPLND was performed simultaneously with primary tumor resection in LPLND group.R0 resection of both primary and metastatic sites was achieved in 20 of 50 patients.We evaluated possible prognostic factors for 5-year overall survival (OS),and compared 5-year cumulative local recurrence between the LPLND and TME groups.RESULTS For OS,univariate analyses revealed no significant benefit in the LPLND compared with the TME group (28.7% vs 17.0%,P = 0.523); multivariate analysis revealed that R0 resection was an independent prognostic factor.Regarding cumulative local recurrence,the LPLND group showed no significant benefit compared with TME group (21.4% vs 14.8%,P = 0.833).CONCLUSION Prophylactic LPLND shows no oncological benefits in patients with Stage Ⅳ low rectal cancer without clinical LPLN metastasis.

Comparison of efficacy and safety between late-course and simultaneous integrated dose-increasing intensity-modulated radiation therapy for cervical cancer complicated with pelvic lymph node metastasis

Objective This study aimed to compare and analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of late-course and simultaneous integrated dose-increasing intensity-modulated radiation therapy(IMRT) for cervical cancer complicated with pelvic lymph node metastasis. Methods Sixty patients with cervical cancer complicated with pelvic lymph node metastasis who were admitted to our hospital from January 2013 to January 2015 were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into the late-course dose-increasing IMRT group and the simultaneous integrated dose-increasing IMRT group, with 30 cases included in each group, respectively. All patients were concurrently treated with cisplatin. After treatment, the clinical outcomes of the two groups were compared. Results The remission rate of symptoms in the simultaneous integrated dose-increasing IMRT group was significantly higher than that in the late-course dose-increasing IMRT group(P < 0.05). The follow-up results showed that the overall survival time, progression-free survival time, and distant metastasis time of patients in the simultaneous integrated dose-increasing IMRT group were significantly longer than those in the late-course dose-increasing IMRT group(P < 0.05). The recurrent rate of lymph nodes in the radiation field in the simultaneous integrated dose-increasing IMRT group was significantly lower(P < 0.05) than in the late-course dose-increasing IMRT group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of cervical and vaginal recurrence and distant metastasis between the two groups(P > 0.05). The radiation doses of Dmax in the small intestine, D1 cc(the minimum dose to the 1 cc receiving the highest dose) in the bladder, and Dmax in the rectum in the simultaneous integrated dose-increasing IMRT group were significantly lower(P < 0.05) than in the late-course dose-increasing IMRT group. There was no significant difference in intestinal D2 cc(the minimum dose to the 2 cc receiving the highest dose) between the two groups(P > 0.05). The incidence of bone marrow suppression in the simultaneous integrated dose-increasing IMRT group was significantly lower(P < 0.05) than in the late-course dose-increasing IMRT group.Conclusion The application of simultaneous integrated dose-increasing IMRT in the treatment of cervical cancer patients complicated with pelvic lymph node metastasis can significantly control tumor progression, improve the long-term survival time, and postpone distant metastasis time with high safety.

Prognostic significance of the number of pelvic lymph nodes removed in patients with early cervical cancer

Objective The aim of this research was to study the prognostic significance of the number of pelvic lymph nodes removed in patients with early cervical cancer.Methods We searched the Pub Med database using the terms "cervical cancer" and "lymph nodes" or "lymphadenectomy". Studies on the association between number of lymph nodes removed and prognosis or survival were identified. We retrospectively studied the relevant research.Results Ten retrospective studies were included. Two studies indicated that the number of lymph nodes had no association with prognosis whereas three studies found a positive relationship. Five studies indicated some factors that could influence the relationship between number of lymph nodes and prognosis.Conclusion The number of lymph nodes removed may positively influence the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer. Some factors may influence the relationship between the extent of lymph nodes removed and patient prognosis. Additional multicenter, prospective studies with large samples are required to confirm the study findings.

Early drainage removal in the management of lymphatic leakage after robotic pelvic lymph node dissection

Background:Radical prostatectomy(RP)and radical cystectomy(RC)with concurrent pelvic lymph node dissection(PLND)are considered as the curative surgical treatment options for localized prostate cancer(PC)or muscle-invasive bladder cancer(BC).Regarding lymphatic leakage management after PLND,there is no standard of care,with different therapeutic approaches having been reported with varying success rates.Methods:Seventy patients underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy during robotic RP and RC with postoperative pelvic drainage volume more than 50 mL/day before the removal of drainage tube,were retrospectively evaluated in this study between August 2015 and June 2023.If the pelvic drainage volume on postoperative Day 2 was more than 50 mL/day,a drainage fluid creatinine was routinely tested to rule out urine leakage.We removed the drainage if the patient had no significant abdominal free fluid collection,no abdominal distension or pain,no fever,and no abdominal tenderness.After 1-day observation of the vital signs and abdominal symptoms,the patient was discharged and followed-up in clinic for 2 weeks after surgery.Results:Forty-one cases underwent the early drainage removal even if the pelvic drainage volume was more than 50mL/day.Among these forty-one cases,twenty-five drainage tubes were removed when drainage volume was more than 100 mL/day.All the forty-one cases with pelvic drainage volume greater than 50mL/day were successfully managed with the early drainage removal.No paracentesis or drainage placement was required.No readmission occured during the follow-up period.Conclusion:It is safe to manage the high-volume pelvic lymphatic leakage by early clamping of the drainage tube,ultrasonography assessment of no significant residual fluid in the abdominal and pelvic cavity,and then the early removal of the drainage tube.

The Number of Positive Pelvic Lymph Nodes and Multiple Groups of Pelvic Lymph Node Metastasis Influence Prognosis in Stage ⅠA-ⅡB Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background：Pelvic lymph node metastasis （LNM） is an important prognostic factor in cervical cancer.Cervical squamous cell carcinoma accounts for approximately 75-80% of all cervical cancers.Analyses of the effects of the number of positive lymph nodes （LNs）,unilateral vcrsus bilateral pelvic LNM and a single group versus multiple groups of pelvic LNM on survival and recurrence of cervical squamous cell carcinoma are still lacking.The study aimed to analyze the effects of the number of positive pelvic LNs and a single group versus multiple groups of pelvic LNM on survival and recurrence.Methods：We performed a retrospective review of 296 patients diagnosed with Stage ⅠA-ⅡB cervical squamous cell carcinoma who received extensive/sub-extensive hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy/pelvic LN sampling at Peking University People＇s Hospital from November 2004 to July 2013.Ten clinicopathological variables were evaluated as risk factors for pelvic LNM：Age at diagnosis,gravidity,clinical stage,histological grade,tumor diameter,lymph-vascular space involvement （LVSI）,depth of cervical stromal invasion,uterine invasion,parametrial invasion,and neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Results：The incidence of pelvic LNM was 20.27% （60/296 cases）.Pelvic LNM （P =0.00） was significantly correlated with recurrence.Pelvic LNM （P =0.00）,the number of positive pelvic LNs （P =0.04） and a single group versus multiple groups of pelvic LNM （P =0.03）had a significant influence on survival.Multivariate analysis revealed that LVSI （P =0.00）,depth of cervical stromal invasion （P =0.00）and parametrial invasion （P =0.03） were independently associated with pelvic LNM.Conclusions：Patients with pelvic LNM had a higher recurrence rate and poor survival outcomes.Furthermore,more than 2 positive pelvic LNs and multiple groups of pelvic LNM appeared to identify patients with worse survival outcomes in node-positive ⅠA-ⅡB cervical squamous cell carcinoma.LVSI,parametrial invasion,and depth of cervical stromal invasion were identified as independent clinicopathological risk factors for pelvic LNM.

Preoperative chemoradiation and extended pelvic lymphadenectomy for rectal cancer:Two distinct principles

Extended pelvic lymphadenectomy(EPL) with total mesorectal excision(TME) has been reported to provide oncological benefit in lower rectal cancer in Japan.In Western countries EPL is not widely accepted because of frequent morbidity but instead preoperative chemoradiation(CRT) followed by TME has been established as a standard treatment for decreasing local recurrence.Recently,several studies have focused on the comparison between these two distinct therapeutic approaches in Western countries and Japan.A study comparing Dutch trial data and Japanese data revealed that EPL and RT are almost equivalent in decreasing local recurrence in lower rectal cancer as compared with TME alone.Considering that almost 45 survival can be achieved by EPL even in the presence of metastatic lateral lymph nodes(LLNs),EPL performed by experienced surgeons definitely contributes to decrease local recurrence.On the other hand,a randomized controlled trial in Japan that compared EPL with conventional TME following preoperative RT revealed that EPL is associated with a higher frequency of sexual and urinary dysfunction without oncological benefits in the presence of preoperative RT.On this point,preoperative CRT followed by conventional TME without EPL would be a better therapeutic approach in patients without evident metastatic LLNs.For future treatment,it would be desirable to have a narrower indication for EPL using full advantage of recent improvement in image diagnosis.Although objective comparison of these two principles between Japan and the West is difficult due to differences in patient groups,further studies would lead to the next great step towards future improvement in treating lower rectal cancer.

DETECTION OF SENTINEL LYMPH NODE IN EARLY CERVICAL CANCER

Objective: To assess the value of sentinel lymph node (SLN) localization by lymphoscintigraphy and gamma probe detection in early cervical cancer. Methods: A total of 27 patients with operable invasive early cervical cancer and clinically proved negative pelvic lymph nodes were included in this study. The 99Tcm-dextran of 74 MBq (2 mCi) was injected around the cervix at 2 and 10. Lymphoscintigraphy and gamma probe detection were used to find the SLN. Results: The SLN was identified in 27 patients. The sensitivity and specificity of the SLN detection to predict the metastasis of the pelvic lymph node were 100% and 100% respectively. Conclusion: Identification of the SLN using radionuclide is feasible and possible in women with early cervical cancer.

扩大盆腔淋巴结清扫术对中高危前列腺癌患者预后的影响

目的评估扩大盆腔淋巴结清扫术(ePLND)对接受根治性前列腺切除术(RP)治疗的中高风险前列腺癌(PCa)患者预后的影响。方法选择2010年5月至2020年12月在濮阳市人民医院(1309例)和安阳市人民医院(1163例)进行RP治疗的PCa患者2472例。根据PCa患者是否行ePLND,将其分为ePLND组(2283例)和非ePLND组(189例)。其中ePLND组患者2283例,非ePLND组189例。患者随访时间为(13~107)个月,中位随访时间为56(24,72)个月。对比分析两组患者的术后生存状况。结果⑴术后5年:生化复发(BCR)率为60.80%,远处转移率41.22%,肿瘤特异性生存率(CSS)率为94.78%,总生存率为84.34。⑵是否进行ePLND对上述术后5年生存率的4个结局指标均无影响(P>0.05);⑶Cox回归显示,对PCa患者术后5年各结局指标而言:①Glea⁃son评分、肿瘤临床分期、术前血清PSA、穿刺活检针数阳性率、精囊侵犯是BCR的危险因素(P<0.05);②Gleason评分、肿瘤病理分期、肿瘤临床分期、术后切缘阳性、穿刺活检针数阳性率是远处转移的危险因素(P<0.05);③年龄、术前血清PSA、Gleason评分、肿瘤病理分期、肿瘤临床分期、术后切缘阳性、穿刺活检针数阳性率是肿瘤特异性生存CSS的危险因素(P<0.05)。④年龄、术前血清PSA、Gleason评分、肿瘤病理分期、肿瘤临床分期、穿刺活检针数阳性率是影响OS的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论在进行前列腺根治手术的中高危PCa患者中,ePLND对患者预后无显著影响。

高分辨率MRI扫描对结直肠癌盆腔淋巴结转移的诊断价值

目的:探讨高分辨率磁共振成像(MRI)扫描对结直肠癌盆腔淋巴结转移的诊断价值。方法:选取2021年10月至2022年10月聊城市人民医院收治的结直肠癌患者80例,均行高分辨率MRI扫描,以病理检查结果为金标准,分析高分辨率MRI扫描诊断结直肠癌盆腔淋巴结转移的灵敏度、特异度、准确度,并分析MRI图像特征与结直肠癌盆腔淋巴结转移的相关性。结果:以病理检查结果作为金标准,纳入的80例结直肠癌患者共出现盆腔淋巴结转移53例,占比66.25%;高分辨率MRI诊断结直肠癌盆腔淋巴结转移的灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为86.79%、85.19%、86.25%。结直肠癌盆腔淋巴结转移患者MRI图像中边缘模糊、内部信号不均匀比例高于无淋巴结转移患者,淋巴结短径长于无淋巴结转移患者(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,MRI图像特征中短径诊断结直肠癌盆腔淋巴结转移的临界值为3.08mm,预测灵敏度为81.1%,特异度为92.6%,均高于边缘、内部信号预测的71.7%、67.9%和74.1%、77.8%。结论:结直肠癌患者采用高分辨率MRI扫描可有效诊断盆腔淋巴结转移情况,尤其是MRI图像特征中短径对盆腔淋巴结转移的预测价值更高。

Management of synchronous lateral pelvic nodal metastasis in rectal cancer in the era of neoadjuvant chemoradiation: A systemic review

BACKGROUND Lateral pelvic lymph node(LLN)metastasis(LLNM)occur in up to 28%of patients with low rectal tumours.While prophylactic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection(LLND)has been abandoned by most western institutions in the era of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy(CRT),the role of selective LLND in patients with enlarged LLN on pre-CRT imaging remains unclear.Some studies have shown improved survival and recurrence outcomes when LLNs show"response"to CRT.However,no management algorithm exists to differentiate treatment for"responders"vs"non-responders".AIM To determine if selective LLND in patients with enlarged LLNs results in improved survival and recurrence outcomes.METHODS A systemic search of Pub Med and Embase databases for studies reporting on patients with synchronous radiologically suspicious LLNM(s-LLNM)in rectal cancer receiving preoperative-CRT was performed.RESULTS Fifteen retrospective,single-centre studies were included.793 patients with sLLNM were evaluated:456 underwent TME while 337 underwent TME with7,LLND post-CRT.In the TME group,local recurrence(LR)rates range from 12.5%to 36%.Five-year disease free survival(DFS)was 42%to 75%.In the TME with LLND group,LR rates were 0%to 6%.Five years DFS was 41.2%to 100%.Radiological response was seen in 58%.Pathologically positive LLN was found in up to 94%of non-responders vs 0%to 20%in responders.Young age,low tumour location and radiological non-response were associated with final positive LLNM and lowered DFS.CONCLUSION LLND is associated with local control in patients with s-LLNM.It can be performed in radiological non-responders given a large majority represent true LLNM.Its role in radiological responders should be considered in selected high risk patients.

磁共振成像对直肠癌盆腔侧方淋巴结转移的诊断价值分析

目的:分析磁共振成像(MRI)对直肠癌盆腔侧方淋巴结转移(PLLNM)的诊断价值。方法:选取2020年3月—2022年2月新乡医学院第三附属医院收治的80例直肠癌患者作为研究对象,所有患者术前均接受MRI检查及病理活检确诊,均行直肠癌切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术。以病理结果为金标准,计算MRI对直肠癌PLLNM的准确度、敏感度、特异度及一致性,比较不同性质淋巴结的MRI图像特征。采用Pearson检验分析MRI图像特征与直肠癌PLLNM的相关性,采用多因素logistic回归分析模型分析影响PLLNM的独立危险因素。结果:80例直肠癌患者经病理诊断共检出PLLNM 29例,未转移51例;MRI诊断共检出PLLNM 35例,未转移45例,两者的诊断一致性良好(Kappa=0.845)。PLLNM患者的边缘模糊及型号不均匀占比显著高于未转移者,淋巴结短径显著长于未转移者,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.342、8.136;t=13.857,P<0.01)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,直肠癌PLLNM检出率与淋巴结短径、边缘模糊及信号不均匀具有正相关性(r>0,P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,淋巴结信号是影响直肠癌PLLNM的独立危险因素。结论:MRI对直肠癌PLLNM的诊断效能较高,不同性质淋巴结的MRI图像特征存在明显差异,其中淋巴结短径、边缘模糊及信号不均匀与PLL-NM密切相关,淋巴结信号是影响直肠癌PLLNM的独立危险因素。用MRI测量淋巴结短径是诊断直肠癌PLLNM的可靠参数,对PLLNM的早期预测具有积极作用。

盆腔和低位腹主动脉旁淋巴结清扫对国际妇产科联盟分期Ⅰ期子宫内膜样癌患者的安全性和预后的影响

目的探讨盆腔和低位腹主动脉旁淋巴结清扫术对国际妇产科联盟(FIGO)分期Ⅰ期子宫内膜样癌患者疗效及预后的影响。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年1月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第910医院收治的81例接受手术治疗的早期子宫内膜样癌患者的临床资料。根据患者淋巴结清扫方法不同分为盆腔淋巴结清扫(PLD)组(n=44)和低位腹主动脉旁淋巴结清扫(PALD)+PLD组(n=37)。比较两组的手术相关资料、术后1年复发率、3年总生存率及并发症发生情况。结果PALD+PLD组的手术时间显著长于PLD组,淋巴结清扫数和阳性淋巴结数显著大于PLD组(P<0.05)。两组术中、术后并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组1年内复发率比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组3年总生存率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论盆腔和低位腹主动脉旁淋巴结清扫术可降低FIGO分期Ⅰ期子宫内样膜癌患者的复发率,且不会提高手术并发症发生率。

不同加量方式调强放疗治疗盆腹腔淋巴结转移宫颈癌患者的疗效及安全性

目的探讨不同加量方式调强放疗治疗盆腹腔淋巴结转移宫颈癌患者的疗效及安全性。方法根据调强放疗加量方式的不同将82例盆腹腔淋巴结转移宫颈癌患者分为对照组(n=41,后程加量调强放疗)和研究组(n=41,同步加量调强放疗)。比较两组患者的临床疗效、危及器官照射剂量、治疗时间及不良反应发生情况。结果放疗完成时、放疗3个月后,研究组患者的客观缓解率(ORR)分别为92.68%、90.24%,分别高于对照组患者的73.17%、68.29%,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。研究组患者直肠最大剂量(D_(max))、小肠D_(max)、膀胱D2cc均明显低于对照组(P﹤0.01)。研究组患者外照射时间和整体治疗完成时间均明显短于对照组(P﹤0.01)。研究组患者骨髓抑制发生率为34.15%,明显低于对照组患者的65.85%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。结论与后程加量调强放疗相比,同步加量调强放疗治疗盆腹腔淋巴结转移的宫颈癌患者,可提高临床疗效,缩短治疗时间,减少危及器官照射剂量,降低骨髓抑制发生率。

ⅠA~ⅡA期宫颈癌患者临床病理参数与预后的相关性及发生盆腔淋巴结转移的危险因素分析

目的 分析ⅠA~ⅡA期宫颈癌患者临床病理参数与预后的相关性及发生盆腔淋巴结转移的危险因素。方法 回顾性选择2017年1月至2018年7月在雅安市中医医院接受治疗的92例ⅠA~ⅡA期宫颈癌患者。统计患者5年总体生存率,比较不同临床病理参数的患者的5年总体生存率,使用多因素Logistic回归分析临床病理参数与预后的关系;记录盆腔淋巴结转移的发生情况,使用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析盆腔淋巴结转移的危险因素。结果 不同国际妇产科学联合会(FIGO)分期、肿瘤组织学类型、间质浸润深度及有无宫旁浸润、盆腔淋巴结转移、嗜神经侵袭的患者的5年总体生存率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析,ⅠA~ⅡA期宫颈癌患者预后受FIGO分期、肿瘤组织学类型、间质浸润深度、盆腔淋巴结转移的影响(P<0.05)。经单因素分析,不同FIGO分期、肿瘤最大直径、肿瘤分级、间质浸润深度及是否淋巴脉管间隙浸润的ⅠA~ⅡA期宫颈癌患者的盆腔淋巴结转移率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经多因素Logistic回归分析,肿瘤分级、淋巴脉管间隙浸润和间质浸润深度均是ⅠA~ⅡA期宫颈癌患者发生盆腔淋巴结转移的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 ⅠA~ⅡA期宫颈癌患者的临床病理参数与其预后密切相关,其中盆腔淋巴结转移风险受肿瘤分级、淋巴脉管间隙浸润和间质浸润深度影响,值得临床予以重视。

术前剂量密集TC治疗联合广泛性子宫切除术及盆腔淋巴结清扫在局部晚期宫颈癌患者中的应用研究

目的探讨术前剂量密集卡铂+紫杉醇(TC)治疗联合广泛性子宫切除术及盆腔淋巴结清扫在局部晚期宫颈癌治疗中效果。方法选取2020年1月至2022年1月在河北中石油中心医院治疗的100例局部晚期宫颈癌患者作为研究对象,根据患者最终选取的治疗方案将患者分为观察组(n=50)和对照组(n=50)。两组均给予广泛性子宫切除术及盆腔淋巴结清扫,其中观察组术前给予剂量密集TC治疗,对照组术前给予常规TC治疗。观察并比较两组围手术期指标、化疗疗效、不良反应、世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)评分、无进展生存时间和总生存期。结果观察组手术时间为(210.03±41.16)min,显著短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术中出血量、术后排气时间、淋巴结清扫数、导尿管置管时间和术后住院时间与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组化疗疗效优于对照组,其客观有效率(ORR)为82.00%,显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组治疗后3个月WHOQOL-BREF生理领域评分为(10.84±1.69)分,显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两组心理领域、社会关系领域和环境领域评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组中位无进展生存时间为26.00个月(95%CI:23.37~28.64),显著长于对照组(P<0.05)。两组中位总生存期比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论术前剂量密集TC治疗联合广泛性子宫切除术及盆腔淋巴结清扫在局部晚期宫颈癌治疗中有较好的效果,可改善患者生存质量及延长无进展生存时间。