Optimization of Extraction Process for Total Flavonoids from Penthorum chinense Pursh and Comparison of Their Contents from Different Parts

[Objectives]This study was conducted to optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids from Penthorum chinense Pursh and compare their contents from different parts.[Methods]Single factor and orthogonal experiments were designed to optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids from P.chinense Pursh with the volume fraction of ethanol,the ratio of material to liquid,heating reflux extraction time and extraction times as factors,and the content of total flavonoids as the index.A verification test was carried out.The optimized extraction process was adopted to compare the contents of total flavonoids from different parts of P.chinense Pursh.[Results]The best extraction process was extracting the powder of P.chinense Pursh for 2.0 h with 20 times of 55%ethanol by reflux twice.Under this condition,the contents of total flavonoids were 3.63%,8.90%,11.28%,and 4.36%from stems,leaves,flowers and whole grass of P.chinense Pursh,respectively.[Conclusions]The process is reasonable,feasible and stable,and can effectively extract total flavonoids from P.chinense Pursh.The contents of total flavonoids from different parts of P.chinense Pursh were quite different,and the value was higher in the leaves and flowers,so the proportions of leaves and flowers should be paid attention to in the industrial processing of P.chinense Pursh.

Research on Acute Toxicity of Penthorum chinense Pursh. Total Flavonoids and Therapeutic Effect on AFL Rats

[Objectives]To study the acute toxicity of total flavonoids in Penthorum chinense Pursh. and the therapeutic effect on AFL( Alcoholic Fatty Liver). [Methods] The liquid of total flavonoids in P. chinense Pursh. was intragastrically administered to the test group rats in the maximum concentration and the maximum administration volume,an equal volume of solvent was given to the control group,and it was observed continuously for 14 d; 1. 5% ferrous sulfate feed was used for feeding,the alcohol intragastric administration method was used to copy the AFL rats model,and the therapeutic effect of total flavonoids in P. chinense Pursh. on the fatty liver rats was observed. [Results]No rat died in the medication administration group and the control group,there was no acute toxicity reaction,and the maximum tolerance dose of total flavonoids in P. chinense Pursh. for the rats by intragastric administration was 33. 6 g/kg; rats suffered AFL 6 weeks after the alcohol intragastric administration. For the 800 mg/kg P. chinense Pursh. total flavonoids and 2 000 mg/kg P. chinense Pursh. extract with the same dose as that of the P. chinense Pursh. crude drug,P. chinense Pursh. total flavonoids played a more significant role than P. chinense Pursh. extract in lowering oil red O staining area in AFL rats' liver tissue and reducing the ALT,AST,TC,TG content in AFL rats' serum. [Conclusions]The P. chinense Pursh. total flavonoids had low acute toxicity,and had a greater therapeutic effect on the AFL rats than the P. chinense Pursh.extract.

A comparison of the biological activities of ethyl acetate fractions from the stems and leaves of Penthorum chinense Pursh

Penthorum chinense Pursh(PCP)is a popular traditional medicinal plant in China,widely used for the treatment of a variety of liver diseases.Although it has been long recognized that the main active elements of PCP are contained in ethyl acetate fraction(EAF),little is known so far in terms of the relative effectiveness of EAF derived from the stems versus leaves of this plant.In the current study,we prepared EAF by reflux extraction and sequential extraction from the stems(SEAF)and leaves(LEAF)of PCP and tested their hepatoprotective efficacies.The extract rates and flavonoid contents of LEAF were higher than those of SEAF.EAFs(>50μg·mL^(–1))prevented lipid accumulation in cells and protected against lipotoxicity injury when the concentration exceeded 25μg·mL^(–1).More than 95%free radicals released by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)were eliminated by 25μg·mL^(–1)SEAF and 50μg·mL^(–1)LEAF,respectively.Further,EAFs(25μg·mL^(–1))also showed protective antioxidant effects,with the activity of LEAF being significantly higher than that of SEAF.EAFs(10 mg·mL^(–1))also showed similar unspecific bacteriostatic activity.In comparison with SEAF,LEAF contained more flavonoids and had a higher anti-oxidation capability and for these reasons we suggest it should be better for clinical use.