Rate Function of Large Deviation for a Class of Nonhomogeneous Markov Chains on Supercritical Percolation Network

We model an epidemic with a class of nonhomogeneous Markov chains on the supercritical percolation network on Zd. The large deviations law for the Markov chain is given. Explicit expression of the rate function for large deviation is obtained.

Four Types of Percolation Transitions in the Cluster Aggregation Network Model

We study the percolation transition in a one-species cluster aggregation network model, in which the parameter α describes the suppression on the cluster sizes. It is found that the model can exhibit four types of percolation transitions, two continuous percolation transitions and two discontinuous ones. Continuous and discontinuous percolation transitions can be distinguished from each other by the largest single jump. Two types of continuous percolation transitions show different behaviors in the time gap. Two types of discontinuous percolation transitions are different in the time evolution of the cluster size distribution. Moreover, we also find that the time gap may also be a measure to distinguish different discontinuous percolations in this model.

Resistivity-temperature Characteristics of Conductive Asphalt Concrete

The changes of resistivity of conductive asphalt concrete at different temperatures were studied,and positive temperature coefficient（PTC）modelwas established to estimate the influence of temperature on the resistivity quantitatively,which eliminated the interference with conductivity evaluation brought by temperature variation.Finally,the analysis of temperature cycling test results proves that the changes of percolation network structure caused by temperature variation prompt the emergence of PTC of conductive asphalt concrete.

A NEW MECHANISM OF ULTRASOUND ATTENUATION IN SINTERED METAL POWDERS

This paper analyzes the anomalous power-law dependence of the ultrasound attenuation on frequency by means of a percolation model. It was suggested that the anomaLous ultrasound attenuation is associated with strongly localized eigen modes (to be called fracton) in disordered systems. There exits a steplike increase in the density of vibrational states at crossover frequency ω(co).Computer simulation of vibration spectrum in disordered system is also reported. The density of vibrational states is consistent with the results of relevant experiment outlined above.

Uniform,Highly Conductive,and Patterned Transparent Films of a Percolating Silver Nanowire Network on Rigid and Flexible Substrates Using a Dry Transfer Technique

Silver nanowire films are promising alternatives to tin-doped indium oxide(ITO)films as transparent conductive electrodes.In this paper,we report the use of vacuum filtration and a polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)-assisted transfer printing technique to fabricate silver nanowire films on both rigid and flexible substrates,bringing advantages such as the capability of patterned transfer,the best performance among various ITO alternatives(10Ω/sq at 85%transparency),and good adhesion to the underlying substrate,thus eliminating the previously reported adhesion problem.In addition,our method also allows the preparation of high quality patterned films of silver nanowires with different line widths and shapes in a matter of few minutes,making it a scalable process.Furthermore,use of an anodized aluminum oxide(AAO)membrane in the transfer process allows annealing of nanowire films at moderately high temperature to obtain films with extremely high conductivity and good transparency.Using this transfer technique,we obtained silver nanowire films on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate(PET)substrate with a transparency of 85%,a sheet resistance of 10Ω/sq,with good mechanical flexibility.Detailed analysis revealed that the Ag nanowire network exhibits two-dimensional percolation behavior with good agreement between experimentally observed and theoretically predicted values of critical volume。

Manufacturable Novel Nanogrease with Superb Physical Properties

High-performance nanogrease manufactured from carbon nanomaterials is observed to be stable and homogeneous and have superb physical properties,such as thermal and electrical conductivities,compared with current commercial greases made of lithium,calcium,and aluminum.For the first time,carbon nanomaterials have been observed to disperse well as the sole thickeners in oil systems,e.g.,polyalphaolefin and polyester(ROYCO),without the aid of any chemical surfactants.Three-dimensional percolation network structures that exist among carbon nanomaterials are easily scalable,which can be attributed to the intermolecular van der Waals forces.Moreover,the introduction of hydrogen bonding in any form to grease significantly increases its thermal and electrical conductivities and substantially reduces the weight percentage of carbon nanomaterials needed to fabricate stable grease.For example,loading of only 1.4 wt%hydroxyl-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube(MWNT-OH)with Krytox XHT750 oil leads to a 37.8%increase in thermal conductivity.Moreover,75%glycerol,25% water,and 4.5 wt% MWNT-OH yielded the lowest electrical resistivity of 10.0 Ω cm.This finding can be extended to hydrogen bonding materials with functional groups,such as OH,COOH,F,and NH.The nanogrease reported in this study has been manufactured using the three-roll mill method,which is an easy and cost-effective method,as the loading weight percentage of carbon nanomaterials to fabricate stable grease decreases from 12 wt% to 3-4 wt%.Furthermore,the process is easily scalable,reproduced,and optimized.This novel high-performance nanogrease has a high commercial value and numerous applications and could replace current commercial greases.