Immiscible water-alternating-gas（WAG） flooding is an EOR technique that has proven successful for water drive reservoirs due to its ability to improve displacement and sweep efficiency.Nevertheless,considering the c...Immiscible water-alternating-gas（WAG） flooding is an EOR technique that has proven successful for water drive reservoirs due to its ability to improve displacement and sweep efficiency.Nevertheless,considering the complicated phase behavior and various multiphase flow characteristics,gas tends to break through early in production wells in heterogeneous formations because of overriding,fingering,and channeling,which may result in unfavorable recovery performance.On the basis of phase behavior studies,minimum miscibility pressure measurements,and immiscible WAG coreflood experiments,the cubic B-spline model（CBM） was employed to describe the three-phase relative permeability curve.Using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm to adjust the vector of unknown model parameters of the CBM sequentially,optimization of production performance including pressure drop,water cut,and the cumulative gas-oil ratio was performed.A novel numerical inversion method was established for estimation of the water-oil-gas relative permeability curve during the immiscible WAG process.Based on the quantitative characterization of major recovery mechanisms,the proposed method was validated by interpreting coreflood data of the immiscible WAG experiment.The proposed method is reliable and can meet engineering requirements.It provides a basic calculation theory for implicit estimation of oil-water-gas relative permeability curve.展开更多
A new field is introduced named quagnetic field. It appears as gravitational curvilinear vector field similar to electromagnetic curvilinear magnetic field. Einstein constant divided by factor 8π is found to be appea...A new field is introduced named quagnetic field. It appears as gravitational curvilinear vector field similar to electromagnetic curvilinear magnetic field. Einstein constant divided by factor 8π is found to be appeared as gravitational inverse permeability to couple quagnetic field and its induction. An introduced general fundamental statement “Every natural linear vector field coexists with its counterpart natural curvilinear vector field” is proved suggesting innovative quagnetic field. Various ways like introduced extended Einstein gravitational field equations are exercised and presented in favor of aforesaid statement using theoretical treatments. quagnetization and gravitational induction are presented theoretically. Gravitoquagnetic wave and hence associated Graviton as wave packet is illustrated with proper justification like electromagnetic Photon.展开更多
基金the financial support of the Important National Science and Technology Specific Projects of China (Grant No. 2011ZX05010-002)the Important Science and Technology Specific Projects of Petro China (Grant No. 2014E-3203)
文摘Immiscible water-alternating-gas（WAG） flooding is an EOR technique that has proven successful for water drive reservoirs due to its ability to improve displacement and sweep efficiency.Nevertheless,considering the complicated phase behavior and various multiphase flow characteristics,gas tends to break through early in production wells in heterogeneous formations because of overriding,fingering,and channeling,which may result in unfavorable recovery performance.On the basis of phase behavior studies,minimum miscibility pressure measurements,and immiscible WAG coreflood experiments,the cubic B-spline model（CBM） was employed to describe the three-phase relative permeability curve.Using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm to adjust the vector of unknown model parameters of the CBM sequentially,optimization of production performance including pressure drop,water cut,and the cumulative gas-oil ratio was performed.A novel numerical inversion method was established for estimation of the water-oil-gas relative permeability curve during the immiscible WAG process.Based on the quantitative characterization of major recovery mechanisms,the proposed method was validated by interpreting coreflood data of the immiscible WAG experiment.The proposed method is reliable and can meet engineering requirements.It provides a basic calculation theory for implicit estimation of oil-water-gas relative permeability curve.
文摘A new field is introduced named quagnetic field. It appears as gravitational curvilinear vector field similar to electromagnetic curvilinear magnetic field. Einstein constant divided by factor 8π is found to be appeared as gravitational inverse permeability to couple quagnetic field and its induction. An introduced general fundamental statement “Every natural linear vector field coexists with its counterpart natural curvilinear vector field” is proved suggesting innovative quagnetic field. Various ways like introduced extended Einstein gravitational field equations are exercised and presented in favor of aforesaid statement using theoretical treatments. quagnetization and gravitational induction are presented theoretically. Gravitoquagnetic wave and hence associated Graviton as wave packet is illustrated with proper justification like electromagnetic Photon.
