PHILOS钢板与Multiloc髓内钉治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的疗效比较

目的探讨以PHILOS钢板与Multiloc髓内钉治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效对比研究。方法研究分为PHILOS钢板组57和Multiloc髓内钉组49例,钢板组:男26例,女31例,年龄59岁-87岁,平均67.12±6.66岁,Neer分型2型23例,3型25例,4型9例。髓内钉组:男21例,女28例,年龄60岁-78岁,平均69.49±6.10岁,Neer2型21例,3型20例,4型8例。记录手术时间、C型臂透视次数、出血量、骨折愈合时间、术后1年记录颈干角,肩关节功能JOA评分,分析并进行疗效评价。结果手术时间:钢板组60 min-180 min,平均112.75±4.70 min;髓内钉组50 min-130 min,平均79.79±3.10 min(t=6.336,P=0.001)有差异性。C型臂透视次数:钢板组6次-20次平均9.08±2.63次,髓内钉组6-12次平均9.57±2.35次(t=-1.032,P=0.307)无差异性;出血量:钢板组303.06±79.98 ml髓内钉组;265.31±55.16 ml(t=2.692,P=0.010)有差异性;钢板组随访12-16月,平均12.08±2.91月,髓内钉组随访13-18月,平均12.37±2.36月(t=-1.436,P=0.157)无差异性;术后一年颈干角:钢板组129.47±6.40°,髓内钉组133.33±4.93(t=-3.481,P=0.001)有差异性;术后一年JOA功能评分:钢板组:78.80±4.27分,髓内钉组80.29±3.86(t=-1.959,P=0.056)无差异性。内固定失效病例钢板组2例,肱骨头坏死1例。结论锁定钢板和髓内钉治疗肱骨近端骨折均是有效治疗方法,但髓内钉组在手术时间、出血量、骨折复位方面有优势。

PHILOS钛板内固定术与髓内钉固定术治疗老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折患者的效果比较

目的:比较肱骨近端锁定(PHILOS)钛板内固定术与髓内钉固定术治疗老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折患者的效果。方法:选取2021年6月至2022年12月该院收治的60例老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组与对照组各30例。对照组采用髓内钉固定术治疗,观察组采用PHILOS钛板内固定术治疗,比较两组手术优良率、Neer评分、手术时间、骨折愈合时间和并发症发生率。结果:观察组手术优良率为93.33%,明显高于对照组的70.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组Neer评分高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组骨折愈合时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为6.67%,明显低于对照组的26.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:PHILOS钛板内固定术治疗老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折患者可提高手术优良率和术后Neer评分,缩短骨折愈合时间,以及降低并发症发生率,效果优于髓内钉固定术治疗。

Philos钢板与Multiloc髓内钉治疗NeerⅡ型肱骨近端骨折的效果

目的探讨Philos钢板与Multiloc髓内钉治疗NeerⅡ型肱骨近端骨折的效果。方法回顾性分析2019年1月至2022年6月在徐州市中心医院诊治的NeerⅡ型肱骨近端骨折患者106例,按照治疗方式不同分为Multiloc组(给予Multiloc髓内钉治疗)47例和Philos组(给予三角肌肌间隙入路Philos钢板治疗)59例,比较两组围手术期相关指标,术后1、3、6个月的Constant肩关节评分、美国肩肘外科协会(ASES)分值,和患者术后并发症差异。结果与Philos组比较,Multiloc组手术时间、切口长度、术中透视次数更短/低(P<0.05)。重复测量数据显示,Constant-Murley评分、ASES评分的时间和组间因素比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间比较,术后1、3、6个月Multiloc组Constant-Murley评分和ASES评分明显高于Philos组(P<0.05)。Multiloc组并发症发生率(12.77%)低于Philos组(13.56%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论Multiloc髓内钉治疗NeerⅡ型肱骨近端骨折,术中透视次数更少,患者术后肩关节恢复更好,且手术时间、切口长度更短。

Zeno and the Wrong Understanding of Motion—A Philosophical-Mathematical Inquiry into the Concept of Finitude as a Peculiarity of Infinity

In contrast to the solutions of applied mathematics to Zeno’s paradoxes, I focus on the concept of motion and show that, by distinguishing two different forms of motion, Zeno’s apparent paradoxes are not paradoxical at all. Zeno’s paradoxes indirectly prove that distances are not composed of extensionless points and, in general, that a higher dimension cannot be completely composed of lower ones. Conversely, lower dimensions can be understood as special cases of higher dimensions. To illustrate this approach, I consider Cantor’s only apparent proof that the real numbers are uncountable. However, his widely accepted indirect proof has the disadvantage that it depends on whether there is another way to make the real numbers countable. Cantor rightly assumes that there can be no smallest number between 0 and 1, and therefore no beginning of counting. For this reason he arbitrarily lists the real numbers in order to show with his diagonal method that this list can never be complete. The situation is different if we start with the largest number between 0 and 1 (0.999…) and use the method of an inverted triangle, which can be understood as a special fractal form. Here we can construct a vertical and a horizontal stratification with which it is actually possible to construct all real numbers between 0 and 1 without exception. Each column is infinite, and each number in that column is the starting point of a new triangle, while each row is finite. Even in a simple sine curve, we experience finiteness with respect to the y-axis and infinity with respect to the x-axis. The first parts of this article show that Zeno’s assumptions contradict the concept of motion as such, so it is not surprising that this misconstruction leads to contradictions. In the last part, I discuss Cantor’s diagonal method and explain the method of an inverted triangle that is internally structured like a fractal by repeating this inverted triangle at each column. The consequence is that we encounter two very different methods of counting. Vertically it is continuous, horizontally it is discrete. While Frege, Tarski, Cantor, Gödel and the Vienna Circle tried to derive the higher dimension from the lower, a procedure that always leads to new contradictions and antinomies (Tarski, Russell), I take the opposite approach here, in which I derive the lower dimension from the higher. This perspective seems to fail because Tarski, Russell, Wittgenstein, and especially the Vienna Circle have shown that the completeness of the absolute itself is logically contradictory. For this reason, we agree with Hegel in assuming that we can never fully comprehend the Absolute, but only its particular manifestations—otherwise we would be putting ourselves in the place of the Absolute, or even God. Nevertheless, we can understand the Absolute in its particular expressions, as I will show with the modest example of the triangle proof of the combined horizontal and vertical countability of the real numbers, which I developed in rejection of Cantor’s diagonal proof. .

Basic philosophy of three essences theory in traditional Mongolian medicine

Traditional Mongolian medicine(TMM)integrates Tibetan and Chinese medicine with indigenous Mongolian practices,focusing on the balance of three core essences:Khii,Shar,and Badgan,derived from the Five Elements-earth,water,fire,wind,and space.These essences regulate both physical and psychological processes,and their imbalance,often caused by diet,behavior,or environment,leads to disease.TMM utilizes holistic diagnostic methods such as pulse diagnosis,visual inspection,and lifestyle evaluation to identify imbalances of three essences.Treatments include herbal remedies,dietary adjustments,behavior modification,and accessory therapies like moxibustion and massage to restore balance.This mini review examines the philosophical underpinnings,diagnostic techniques,and therapeutic strategies to Khii,Shar,and Badgan,highlighting their importance in both traditional and modern integrative healthcare.

肩峰前外侧MIPPO技术联合PHILOS钢板治疗老年肱骨近端骨质疏松性骨折的疗效分析

目的 回顾性分析 MIPPO 技术联合 PHILOS 钢板治疗肱骨近端骨质疏松骨折的疗效及应用价值 。 方法 回顾性分析 2019 年1 月至 2021 年 12 月本院收治的 70 例肱骨近端骨质疏松性骨折患者,治疗人员根据患者接受的手术方式不同 ,将患者分为两组 ,其中观察组38 例,行肩峰前外侧 MIPPO 技术联合 PHILOS 钢板治疗,对照组 32 例、行常规切开复位内固定治疗 。 结果 观察组的围手术期相关指标均明显优于对照组(P<0.05);术后 1 d、3 d,观察组的 VAS 评分均明显小于对照组(P<0.05);术后 3 个月及 6 个月,观察组的 Constant-Murley 评分与对照组无明显差异(P>0.05);观察组术后的并发症发生率(10.53%)显著小于对照组(31.25%),差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.3039,P<0.05)。结论 采用肩峰前外侧 MIPPO 技术联合 PHILOS 钢板治疗老年肱骨近端骨质疏松骨折,骨折复位固定效果与常规切开复位治疗相同,且其对患者的创伤度较少,术后患者疼痛感小,恢复时间相对较短,并发症更少,治疗确切,适合临床选择应用。

A Review on Sources,Extractions and Analysis Methods of a Sustainable Biomaterial:Tannins

Condensed and hydrolysable tannins are non-toxic natural polyphenols that are a commercial commodity industrialized for tanning hides to obtain leather and for a growing number of other industrial applications mainly to substitute petroleum-based products.They are a definite class of sustainable materials of the forestry industry.They have been in operation for hundreds of years to manufacture leather and now for a growing number of applications in a variety of other industries,such as wood adhesives,metal coating,pharmaceutical/medical applications and several others.This review presents the main sources,either already or potentially commercial of this forestry by-materials,their industrial and laboratory extraction systems,their systems of analysis with their advantages and drawbacks,be these methods so simple to even appear primitive but nonetheless of proven effectiveness,or very modern and instrumental.It constitutes a basic but essential summary of what is necessary to know of these sustainable materials.In doing so,the review highlights some of the main challenges that remain to be addressed to deliver the quality and economics of tannin supply necessary to fulfill the industrial production requirements for some materials-based uses.

Drilling-based measuring method for the c-φ parameter of rock and its field application

The technology of drilling tests makes it possible to obtain the strength parameter of rock accurately in situ. In this paper, a new rock cutting analysis model that considers the influence of the rock crushing zone(RCZ) is built. The formula for an ultimate cutting force is established based on the limit equilibrium principle. The relationship between digital drilling parameters(DDP) and the c-φ parameter(DDP-cφ formula, where c refers to the cohesion and φ refers to the internal friction angle) is derived, and the response of drilling parameters and cutting ratio to the strength parameters is analyzed. The drillingbased measuring method for the c-φ parameter of rock is constructed. The laboratory verification test is then completed, and the difference in results between the drilling test and the compression test is less than 6%. On this basis, in-situ rock drilling tests in a traffic tunnel and a coal mine roadway are carried out, and the strength parameters of the surrounding rock are effectively tested. The average difference ratio of the results is less than 11%, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method for obtaining the strength parameters based on digital drilling. This study provides methodological support for field testing of rock strength parameters.

A comparison study on structure-function relationship of polysaccharides obtained from sea buckthorn berries using different methods:antioxidant and bile acid-binding capacity

In this study,the structural characters,antioxidant activities and bile acid-binding ability of sea buckthorn polysaccharides(HRPs)obtained by the commonly used hot water(HRP-W),pressurized hot water(HRP-H),ultrasonic(HRP-U),acid(HRP-C)and alkali(HRP-A)assisted extraction methods were investigated.The results demonstrated that extraction methods had significant effects on extraction yield,monosaccharide composition,molecular weight,particle size,triple-helical structure,and surface morphology of HRPs except for the major linkage bands.Thermogravimetric analysis showed that HRP-U with filamentous reticular microstructure exhibited better thermal stability.The HRP-A with the lowest molecular weight and highest arabinose content possessed the best antioxidant activities.Moreover,the rheological analysis indicated that HRPs with higher galacturonic acid content and molecular weight showed higher viscosity and stronger crosslinking network(HRP-C,HRP-W and HRP-U),which exhibited stronger bile acid binding capacity.The present findings provide scientific evidence in the preparation technology of sea buckthorn polysaccharides with good antioxidant and bile acid binding capacity which are related to the structure affected by the extraction methods.

Volumetric lattice Boltzmann method for pore-scale mass diffusionadvection process in geopolymer porous structures

Porous materials present significant advantages for absorbing radioactive isotopes in nuclear waste streams.To improve absorption efficiency in nuclear waste treatment,a thorough understanding of the diffusion-advection process within porous structures is essential for material design.In this study,we present advancements in the volumetric lattice Boltzmann method(VLBM)for modeling and simulating pore-scale diffusion-advection of radioactive isotopes within geopolymer porous structures.These structures are created using the phase field method(PFM)to precisely control pore architectures.In our VLBM approach,we introduce a concentration field of an isotope seamlessly coupled with the velocity field and solve it by the time evolution of its particle population function.To address the computational intensity inherent in the coupled lattice Boltzmann equations for velocity and concentration fields,we implement graphics processing unit(GPU)parallelization.Validation of the developed model involves examining the flow and diffusion fields in porous structures.Remarkably,good agreement is observed for both the velocity field from VLBM and multiphysics object-oriented simulation environment(MOOSE),and the concentration field from VLBM and the finite difference method(FDM).Furthermore,we investigate the effects of background flow,species diffusivity,and porosity on the diffusion-advection behavior by varying the background flow velocity,diffusion coefficient,and pore volume fraction,respectively.Notably,all three parameters exert an influence on the diffusion-advection process.Increased background flow and diffusivity markedly accelerate the process due to increased advection intensity and enhanced diffusion capability,respectively.Conversely,increasing the porosity has a less significant effect,causing a slight slowdown of the diffusion-advection process due to the expanded pore volume.This comprehensive parametric study provides valuable insights into the kinetics of isotope uptake in porous structures,facilitating the development of porous materials for nuclear waste treatment applications.

Material point method simulation of hydro-mechanical behaviour in twophase porous geomaterials: A state-of-the-art review

The material point method(MPM)has been gaining increasing popularity as an appropriate approach to the solution of coupled hydro-mechanical problems involving large deformation.In this paper,we survey the current state-of-the-art in the MPM simulation of hydro-mechanical behaviour in two-phase porous geomaterials.The review covers the recent advances and developments in the MPM and their extensions to capture the coupled hydro-mechanical problems involving large deformations.The focus of this review is aiming at providing a clear picture of what has or has not been developed or implemented for simulating two-phase coupled large deformation problems,which will provide some direct reference for both practitioners and researchers.

一类带次线性中立项和阻尼项的三阶泛函微分方程的Philos型振动结果

研究一类带次线性中立项和阻尼顶的三阶非线性泛函微分方程,利用广义Riccati变换、不等性技术和J-函数技巧,建立了保证该类方程的所有解Philos型振动或收敛于零的新的充分条件,推广和改进了相关文献的结果.

Sparse Modal Decomposition Method Addressing Underdetermined Vortex-Induced Vibration Reconstruction Problem for Marine Risers

When investigating the vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of marine risers,extrapolating the dynamic response on the entire length based on limited sensor measurements is a crucial step in both laboratory experiments and fatigue monitoring of real risers.The problem is conventionally solved using the modal decomposition method,based on the principle that the response can be approximated by a weighted sum of limited vibration modes.However,the method is not valid when the problem is underdetermined,i.e.,the number of unknown mode weights is more than the number of known measurements.This study proposed a sparse modal decomposition method based on the compressed sensing theory and the Compressive Sampling Matching Pursuit(Co Sa MP)algorithm,exploiting the sparsity of VIV in the modal space.In the validation study based on high-order VIV experiment data,the proposed method successfully reconstructed the response using only seven acceleration measurements when the conventional methods failed.A primary advantage of the proposed method is that it offers a completely data-driven approach for the underdetermined VIV reconstruction problem,which is more favorable than existing model-dependent solutions for many practical applications such as riser structural health monitoring.

Numerical manifold method for thermo-mechanical coupling simulation of fractured rock mass

As a calculation method based on the Galerkin variation,the numerical manifold method(NMM)adopts a double covering system,which can easily deal with discontinuous deformation problems and has a high calculation accuracy.Aiming at the thermo-mechanical(TM)coupling problem of fractured rock masses,this study uses the NMM to simulate the processes of crack initiation and propagation in a rock mass under the influence of temperature field,deduces related system equations,and proposes a penalty function method to deal with boundary conditions.Numerical examples are employed to confirm the effectiveness and high accuracy of this method.By the thermal stress analysis of a thick-walled cylinder(TWC),the simulation of cracking in the TWC under heating and cooling conditions,and the simulation of thermal cracking of the SwedishÄspöPillar Stability Experiment(APSE)rock column,the thermal stress,and TM coupling are obtained.The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the test data and other numerical results,thus verifying the effectiveness of the NMM in dealing with thermal stress and crack propagation problems of fractured rock masses.

A stable implicit nodal integration-based particle finite element method(N-PFEM)for modelling saturated soil dynamics

In this study,we present a novel nodal integration-based particle finite element method(N-PFEM)designed for the dynamic analysis of saturated soils.Our approach incorporates the nodal integration technique into a generalised Hellinger-Reissner(HR)variational principle,creating an implicit PFEM formulation.To mitigate the volumetric locking issue in low-order elements,we employ a node-based strain smoothing technique.By discretising field variables at the centre of smoothing cells,we achieve nodal integration over cells,eliminating the need for sophisticated mapping operations after re-meshing in the PFEM.We express the discretised governing equations as a min-max optimisation problem,which is further reformulated as a standard second-order cone programming(SOCP)problem.Stresses,pore water pressure,and displacements are simultaneously determined using the advanced primal-dual interior point method.Consequently,our numerical model offers improved accuracy for stresses and pore water pressure compared to the displacement-based PFEM formulation.Numerical experiments demonstrate that the N-PFEM efficiently captures both transient and long-term hydro-mechanical behaviour of saturated soils with high accuracy,obviating the need for stabilisation or regularisation techniques commonly employed in other nodal integration-based PFEM approaches.This work holds significant implications for the development of robust and accurate numerical tools for studying saturated soil dynamics.

An inverse analysis of fluid flow through granular media using differentiable lattice Boltzmann method

This study presents a method for the inverse analysis of fluid flow problems.The focus is put on accurately determining boundary conditions and characterizing the physical properties of granular media,such as permeability,and fluid components,like viscosity.The primary aim is to deduce either constant pressure head or pressure profiles,given the known velocity field at a steady-state flow through a conduit containing obstacles,including walls,spheres,and grains.The lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)combined with automatic differentiation(AD)(AD-LBM)is employed,with the help of the GPU-capable Taichi programming language.A lightweight tape is used to generate gradients for the entire LBM simulation,enabling end-to-end backpropagation.Our AD-LBM approach accurately estimates the boundary conditions for complex flow paths in porous media,leading to observed steady-state velocity fields and deriving macro-scale permeability and fluid viscosity.The method demonstrates significant advantages in terms of prediction accuracy and computational efficiency,making it a powerful tool for solving inverse fluid flow problems in various applications.

Robustness Study and Superior Method Development and Validation for Analytical Assay Method of Atropine Sulfate in Pharmaceutical Ophthalmic Solution

Background: The robustness is a measurement of an analytical chemical method and its ability to contain unaffected by little with deliberate variation of analytical chemical method parameters. The analytical chemical method variation parameters are based on pH variability of buffer solution of mobile phase, organic ratio composition changes, stationary phase (column) manufacture, brand name and lot number variation;flow rate variation and temperature variation of chromatographic system. The analytical chemical method for assay of Atropine Sulfate conducted for robustness evaluation. The typical variation considered for mobile phase organic ratio change, change of pH, change of temperature, change of flow rate, change of column etc. Purpose: The aim of this study is to develop a cost effective, short run time and robust analytical chemical method for the assay quantification of Atropine in Pharmaceutical Ophthalmic Solution. This will help to make analytical decisions quickly for research and development scientists as well as will help with quality control product release for patient consumption. This analytical method will help to meet the market demand through quick quality control test of Atropine Ophthalmic Solution and it is very easy for maintaining (GDP) good documentation practices within the shortest period of time. Method: HPLC method has been selected for developing superior method to Compendial method. Both the compendial HPLC method and developed HPLC method was run into the same HPLC system to prove the superiority of developed method. Sensitivity, precision, reproducibility, accuracy parameters were considered for superiority of method. Mobile phase ratio change, pH of buffer solution, change of stationary phase temperature, change of flow rate and change of column were taken into consideration for robustness study of the developed method. Results: The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of developed method was much low than the compendial method. The % RSD for the six sample assay of developed method was 0.4% where the % RSD of the compendial method was 1.2%. The reproducibility between two analysts was 100.4% for developed method on the contrary the compendial method was 98.4%.

Cascading multi-segment rupture process of the 2023 Turkish earthquake doublet on a complex fault system revealed by teleseismic P wave back projection method

In this study,the vertical components of broadband teleseismic P wave data recorded by China Earthquake Network are used to image the rupture processes of the February 6th,2023 Turkish earthquake doublet via back projection analysis.Data in two frequency bands(0.5-2 Hz and 1-3 Hz)are used in the imaging processes.The results show that the rupture of the first event extends about 200 km to the northeast and about 150 km to the southwest,lasting~90 s in total.The southwestern rupture is triggered by the northeastern rupture,demonstrating a sequential bidirectional unilateral rupture pattern.The rupture of the second event extends approximately 80 km in both northeast and west directions,lasting~35 s in total and demonstrates a typical bilateral rupture feature.The cascading ruptures on both sides also reflect the occurrence of selective rupture behaviors on bifurcated faults.In addition,we observe super-shear ruptures on certain fault sections with relatively straight fault structures and sparse aftershocks.

Hybrid Strategy of Partitioned and Monolithic Methods for Solving Strongly Coupled Analysis of Inverse and Direct Piezoelectric and Circuit Coupling

The inverse and direct piezoelectric and circuit coupling are widely observed in advanced electro-mechanical systems such as piezoelectric energy harvesters.Existing strongly coupled analysis methods based on direct numerical modeling for this phenomenon can be classified into partitioned or monolithic formulations.Each formulation has its advantages and disadvantages,and the choice depends on the characteristics of each coupled problem.This study proposes a new option:a coupled analysis strategy that combines the best features of the existing formulations,namely,the hybrid partitioned-monolithic method.The analysis of inverse piezoelectricity and the monolithic analysis of direct piezoelectric and circuit interaction are strongly coupled using a partitioned iterative hierarchical algorithm.In a typical benchmark problem of a piezoelectric energy harvester,this research compares the results from the proposed method to those from the conventional strongly coupled partitioned iterative method,discussing the accuracy,stability,and computational cost.The proposed hybrid concept is effective for coupled multi-physics problems,including various coupling conditions.

Gas Chromatographic Method for Identification and Quantification of Commonly Used Residual Solvents in Pharmaceuticals Products

Background: Impurities are not expected in the final pharmaceutical products. All impurities should be regulated in both drug substances and drug products in accordance with pharmacopeias and ICH guidelines. Three different types of impurities are generally available in the pharmaceutical’s product specification: organic impurities, inorganic impurities, and residual solvents. Residual solvents are organic volatile chemicals used or generated during the manufacturing of drug substances or drug products. Purpose: The aim of this study is to develop a cost-effective gas chromatographic method for the identification and quantification of some commonly used solvents—methanol, acetone, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran (THF), benzene, toluene, and pyridine—in pharmaceutical product manufacturing. This method will be able to identify and quantify the multiple solvents within a single gas chromatographic procedure. Method: A gas chromatography (GC) equipped with a headspace sampler and a flame ionization detector, and a column DB 624, 30-meter-long × 0.32-millimeter internal diameter, 1,8 μm-thick, Brand-Agilent was used to develop this method. The initial GC oven temperature was 40°C and held for 5 minutes. It was then increase to 80˚C at a rate of 2˚C per minute, followed by a further increase to 225˚C at a rate of 30˚C per minute, with a final hold at 225˚C for 10 minutes. Nitrogen was used as a carrier gas at a flow rate of 1.20 mL per minute. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was selected as sample solvent. Results: The developed method is precise and specific. The percent RSD for the areas of six replicate injections of this gas chromatographic method was within 10.0 and the recovery result found within 80.0% to 120.0%.