This study examines the impact of spatial landscape configuration(e.g.,clustered,dispersed)on land-surface temperatures(LST)over Phoenix,Arizona,and Las Vegas,Nevada,USA.We classified detailed land-cover types via obj...This study examines the impact of spatial landscape configuration(e.g.,clustered,dispersed)on land-surface temperatures(LST)over Phoenix,Arizona,and Las Vegas,Nevada,USA.We classified detailed land-cover types via object-based image analysis(OBIA)using Geoeye-1 at 3-m resolution(Las Vegas)and QuickBird at 2.4-m resolution(Phoenix).Spatial autocorrelation(local Moran’s I)was then used to test for spatial dependence and to determine how clustered or dispersed points were arranged.Next,we used Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer(ASTER)data acquired over Phoenix(daytime on 10 June and nighttime on 17 October 2011)and Las Vegas(daytime on 6 July and nighttime on 27 August 2005)to examine day-and nighttime LST with regard to the spatial arrangement of anthropogenic and vegetation features.Local Moran’s I values of each land-cover type were spatially correlated to surface temperature.The spatial configuration of grass and trees shows strong negative correlations with LST,implying that clustered vegetation lowers surface temperatures more effectively.In contrast,clustered spatial arrangements of anthropogenic land-cover types,especially impervious surfaces and open soil,elevate LST.These findings suggest that city planners and managers should,where possible,incorporate clustered grass and trees to disperse unmanaged soil and paved surfaces,and fill open unmanaged soil with vegetation.Our findings are in line with national efforts to augment and strengthen green infrastructure,complete streets,parking management,and transit-oriented development practices,and reduce sprawling,unwalkable housing development.展开更多
基金This research study is supported by a NASA-funded project(NASA award number NNX12AM88G)titled"Understanding Impacts of Desert Urbanization on Climate and Surrounding Environments to Foster Sustainable Cities Using Remote Sensing and Numerical Modeling."This material is also based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant number BCS-1026865,Central Arizona-Phoenix Long-Term Ecological Research(CAP LTER),and under NSF award number SES-0951366 and SES-0345945,Decision Center for a Desert City(DCDC).
文摘This study examines the impact of spatial landscape configuration(e.g.,clustered,dispersed)on land-surface temperatures(LST)over Phoenix,Arizona,and Las Vegas,Nevada,USA.We classified detailed land-cover types via object-based image analysis(OBIA)using Geoeye-1 at 3-m resolution(Las Vegas)and QuickBird at 2.4-m resolution(Phoenix).Spatial autocorrelation(local Moran’s I)was then used to test for spatial dependence and to determine how clustered or dispersed points were arranged.Next,we used Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer(ASTER)data acquired over Phoenix(daytime on 10 June and nighttime on 17 October 2011)and Las Vegas(daytime on 6 July and nighttime on 27 August 2005)to examine day-and nighttime LST with regard to the spatial arrangement of anthropogenic and vegetation features.Local Moran’s I values of each land-cover type were spatially correlated to surface temperature.The spatial configuration of grass and trees shows strong negative correlations with LST,implying that clustered vegetation lowers surface temperatures more effectively.In contrast,clustered spatial arrangements of anthropogenic land-cover types,especially impervious surfaces and open soil,elevate LST.These findings suggest that city planners and managers should,where possible,incorporate clustered grass and trees to disperse unmanaged soil and paved surfaces,and fill open unmanaged soil with vegetation.Our findings are in line with national efforts to augment and strengthen green infrastructure,complete streets,parking management,and transit-oriented development practices,and reduce sprawling,unwalkable housing development.
