Child abuse is an important source of mental and physical adverse consequences for victims,their family,and their community.The impact of violence during childhood on the development of the victim is a very sensitive ...Child abuse is an important source of mental and physical adverse consequences for victims,their family,and their community.The impact of violence during childhood on the development of the victim is a very sensitive theme.Other than internalizing symptoms,it is interesting to analyze the possibility that a victim may assume the role of persecutor.With this aim,we evaluate Literature and examine the interplay among different types of child abuse(emotional neglect,emotional abuse,physical neglect,physical abuse and sexual abuse)and the development of psychopathy.We consider the role of post-traumatic stress disorder and that of personal environment as potential mediators between abuse and psychopathy.Furthermore,an in-depth analysis on possible differences due to the victim's gender is performed.Finally,analysis focused on genetic variants,such as the polymorphism of 5HTT and MAO-A,or a biological alteration,like the difference in daily cortisol levels that could be related to the development of psychopathy after a trauma.展开更多
Background:Intimate partner violence(IPV)is a worldwide issue with a high prevalence rate seen inAsia.Aims and Objectives:To plan and implement preventive measures,it is important to understand the characteristics,bac...Background:Intimate partner violence(IPV)is a worldwide issue with a high prevalence rate seen inAsia.Aims and Objectives:To plan and implement preventive measures,it is important to understand the characteristics,background,and medico-legal significance,especially from the perspective of perpetrators.Materials and Methods:This study is a questionnaire-based retrospective study conducted among perpetrators of IPV who presented to a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka.Results:Out of 325 subjects,97.2%were males and 64.0%were aged 26–45 years.Most(80.9%)perpetrators were older than the victimized partner,with a mean age gap of 4.3 years.Only 2.8%had achieved higher education and 78.5%had been married to the victim for more than5 years.Alcohol and/or other substances were abused by 75.4%and 11.1%of them were diagnosed with a psychiatric illness.Perpetrators have been exposed to child abuse(CA)as minors(50.1%),with physical CA being the most common,whereas 42.5%had witnessed IPV during their childhood.Ill-treatment by the spouse(odds ratio[OR]=24[95%confidence interval(CI):5.6,99.9])and substance use(OR=22[95%CI:5.1,91.5])were significantly associated with perpetrating emotional violence.A victim having an extramarital affair was 5.1 times more likely to be subjected to sexual IPV,whereas previous IPV,parental deprivation,and affairs of perpetrator were proved to be protective factors.IPV had negatively affected the economy of 71.3%of families.Legal procedures were expected by 22.4%,whereas 60%wanted to negotiate with their spouses.Conclusion:Families having low income and alcohol/substance abuse should be targeted to plan preventive programs at the community level.Proper counseling and follow-up of victims of CA can be used as a primary preventive measure of IPV.展开更多
文摘Child abuse is an important source of mental and physical adverse consequences for victims,their family,and their community.The impact of violence during childhood on the development of the victim is a very sensitive theme.Other than internalizing symptoms,it is interesting to analyze the possibility that a victim may assume the role of persecutor.With this aim,we evaluate Literature and examine the interplay among different types of child abuse(emotional neglect,emotional abuse,physical neglect,physical abuse and sexual abuse)and the development of psychopathy.We consider the role of post-traumatic stress disorder and that of personal environment as potential mediators between abuse and psychopathy.Furthermore,an in-depth analysis on possible differences due to the victim's gender is performed.Finally,analysis focused on genetic variants,such as the polymorphism of 5HTT and MAO-A,or a biological alteration,like the difference in daily cortisol levels that could be related to the development of psychopathy after a trauma.
文摘Background:Intimate partner violence(IPV)is a worldwide issue with a high prevalence rate seen inAsia.Aims and Objectives:To plan and implement preventive measures,it is important to understand the characteristics,background,and medico-legal significance,especially from the perspective of perpetrators.Materials and Methods:This study is a questionnaire-based retrospective study conducted among perpetrators of IPV who presented to a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka.Results:Out of 325 subjects,97.2%were males and 64.0%were aged 26–45 years.Most(80.9%)perpetrators were older than the victimized partner,with a mean age gap of 4.3 years.Only 2.8%had achieved higher education and 78.5%had been married to the victim for more than5 years.Alcohol and/or other substances were abused by 75.4%and 11.1%of them were diagnosed with a psychiatric illness.Perpetrators have been exposed to child abuse(CA)as minors(50.1%),with physical CA being the most common,whereas 42.5%had witnessed IPV during their childhood.Ill-treatment by the spouse(odds ratio[OR]=24[95%confidence interval(CI):5.6,99.9])and substance use(OR=22[95%CI:5.1,91.5])were significantly associated with perpetrating emotional violence.A victim having an extramarital affair was 5.1 times more likely to be subjected to sexual IPV,whereas previous IPV,parental deprivation,and affairs of perpetrator were proved to be protective factors.IPV had negatively affected the economy of 71.3%of families.Legal procedures were expected by 22.4%,whereas 60%wanted to negotiate with their spouses.Conclusion:Families having low income and alcohol/substance abuse should be targeted to plan preventive programs at the community level.Proper counseling and follow-up of victims of CA can be used as a primary preventive measure of IPV.
