目的:探讨身体活动对药物成瘾戒断者抑制能力及静息态脑功能的改善,拟为药物成瘾提供有效的辅助治疗手段。方法:将药物成瘾戒断者按身体活动量分为活动组和久坐组,首先进行Go/NoGo抑制能力测试,然后采集他们的静息态功能磁共振数据。选...目的:探讨身体活动对药物成瘾戒断者抑制能力及静息态脑功能的改善,拟为药物成瘾提供有效的辅助治疗手段。方法:将药物成瘾戒断者按身体活动量分为活动组和久坐组,首先进行Go/NoGo抑制能力测试,然后采集他们的静息态功能磁共振数据。选取静息态的两项重要分析方法——低频振幅(amplitude of low frequency fluctuations,ALFF)和局部一致性(regional homogeneity,ReHo)来探讨身体活动对药物成瘾戒断者脑功能损伤的改善。结果:(1)Go/NoGo测试:活动组NoGo正确率显著高于久坐组。(2)ALFF分析:活动组在双侧脑岛、左侧额下回眶部、双侧额内侧回、左侧前扣带回、右侧背外侧前额叶、左侧枕上回、左侧辅助运动区、双侧内侧扣带回ALFF显著高于久坐组。(3)ReHo分析:活动组在左侧枕中回、双侧背外侧前额叶、左侧辅助运动区ReHo显著高于久坐组。这些显著差异脑区主要与成瘾的抑制能力有关。结论:(1)身体活动能有效地提高药物成瘾戒断者的抑制能力。(2)身体活动是修复药物成瘾戒断者大脑功能损伤的关键因素之一。身体活动可通过增加药物成瘾戒断者静息状态下脑功能的低频振幅和局部一致性,改善药物成瘾戒断者大脑功能损伤。展开更多
目的:系统评价中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾患精神行为、体质健康及生命质量的干预效果。方法:通过PubMed、EMbase、PsychINFO、Eric、SportDiscus、Web of Science、中国知网、万方等数据库进行中医运动疗法对毒品依赖患者干预效果的临床随...目的:系统评价中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾患精神行为、体质健康及生命质量的干预效果。方法:通过PubMed、EMbase、PsychINFO、Eric、SportDiscus、Web of Science、中国知网、万方等数据库进行中医运动疗法对毒品依赖患者干预效果的临床随机对照试验(RCT)检索,对纳入文献进行质量评价和偏倚风险评估后,利用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入11个RCT,包括1233名毒品成瘾者。Meta分析结果显示,中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾者的抑郁症状改善优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=-0.29,95%CI:-0.48,-0.10,P=0.003);中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾者的焦虑症状改善优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=-3.14,95%CI:-6.20,-0.07,P=0.04);中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾者的迁延戒断症状改善优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=-0.44,95%CI:-0.75,-0.13,P=0.006);中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾者的闭眼单脚站立能力改善优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=0.33,95%CI:0.04,0.61,P=0.03);中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾者的渐进性耐力改善优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=4.12,95%CI:3.13,5.10,P<0.00001);中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾者的生命质量改善优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=0.32,95%CI:0.21,0.42,P<0.00001)。结论:中医运动疗法可以改善毒品成瘾者的情绪状态,提高体质健康水平,提升生命质量,可以在毒品成瘾者中推广和应用。展开更多
Craving is a complex psychological condition characterized by impaired dietary intake, sleep disturbance, sexual dysfunction, and drug abuse. Craving may be associated with risk-taking reckless behavior to seek pleasu...Craving is a complex psychological condition characterized by impaired dietary intake, sleep disturbance, sexual dysfunction, and drug abuse. Craving may be associated with risk-taking reckless behavior to seek pleasure including cigarette smoking, binge alcohol drinking, and illicit drug abuse (e.g. cocaine, methamphetamine, methylene deoxy meth-amphetamine (MDMA), ecstasy, morphine and heroine). Craving for food, sex and drugs involves the limbic system and prefrontal cortex. Thus, basic understanding of craving is exceedingly important for the better clinical management of major depression, hopelessness, and poor quality of life among young adolescents, as well as morbidity and early mortality among adults. Physical, psychological, nutritional, and medical rehabilitation may be helpful in the effective clinical management of patients with craving of any age, sex and race. Further studies on the psychology of craving will curb the number of hospital admissions as several victims of drug craving develop schizophrenia later in their life, if they remain untreated.展开更多
文摘目的:探讨身体活动对药物成瘾戒断者抑制能力及静息态脑功能的改善,拟为药物成瘾提供有效的辅助治疗手段。方法:将药物成瘾戒断者按身体活动量分为活动组和久坐组,首先进行Go/NoGo抑制能力测试,然后采集他们的静息态功能磁共振数据。选取静息态的两项重要分析方法——低频振幅(amplitude of low frequency fluctuations,ALFF)和局部一致性(regional homogeneity,ReHo)来探讨身体活动对药物成瘾戒断者脑功能损伤的改善。结果:(1)Go/NoGo测试:活动组NoGo正确率显著高于久坐组。(2)ALFF分析:活动组在双侧脑岛、左侧额下回眶部、双侧额内侧回、左侧前扣带回、右侧背外侧前额叶、左侧枕上回、左侧辅助运动区、双侧内侧扣带回ALFF显著高于久坐组。(3)ReHo分析:活动组在左侧枕中回、双侧背外侧前额叶、左侧辅助运动区ReHo显著高于久坐组。这些显著差异脑区主要与成瘾的抑制能力有关。结论:(1)身体活动能有效地提高药物成瘾戒断者的抑制能力。(2)身体活动是修复药物成瘾戒断者大脑功能损伤的关键因素之一。身体活动可通过增加药物成瘾戒断者静息状态下脑功能的低频振幅和局部一致性,改善药物成瘾戒断者大脑功能损伤。
文摘目的:系统评价中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾患精神行为、体质健康及生命质量的干预效果。方法:通过PubMed、EMbase、PsychINFO、Eric、SportDiscus、Web of Science、中国知网、万方等数据库进行中医运动疗法对毒品依赖患者干预效果的临床随机对照试验(RCT)检索,对纳入文献进行质量评价和偏倚风险评估后,利用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入11个RCT,包括1233名毒品成瘾者。Meta分析结果显示,中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾者的抑郁症状改善优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=-0.29,95%CI:-0.48,-0.10,P=0.003);中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾者的焦虑症状改善优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=-3.14,95%CI:-6.20,-0.07,P=0.04);中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾者的迁延戒断症状改善优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=-0.44,95%CI:-0.75,-0.13,P=0.006);中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾者的闭眼单脚站立能力改善优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=0.33,95%CI:0.04,0.61,P=0.03);中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾者的渐进性耐力改善优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=4.12,95%CI:3.13,5.10,P<0.00001);中医运动疗法对毒品成瘾者的生命质量改善优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=0.32,95%CI:0.21,0.42,P<0.00001)。结论:中医运动疗法可以改善毒品成瘾者的情绪状态,提高体质健康水平,提升生命质量,可以在毒品成瘾者中推广和应用。
文摘Craving is a complex psychological condition characterized by impaired dietary intake, sleep disturbance, sexual dysfunction, and drug abuse. Craving may be associated with risk-taking reckless behavior to seek pleasure including cigarette smoking, binge alcohol drinking, and illicit drug abuse (e.g. cocaine, methamphetamine, methylene deoxy meth-amphetamine (MDMA), ecstasy, morphine and heroine). Craving for food, sex and drugs involves the limbic system and prefrontal cortex. Thus, basic understanding of craving is exceedingly important for the better clinical management of major depression, hopelessness, and poor quality of life among young adolescents, as well as morbidity and early mortality among adults. Physical, psychological, nutritional, and medical rehabilitation may be helpful in the effective clinical management of patients with craving of any age, sex and race. Further studies on the psychology of craving will curb the number of hospital admissions as several victims of drug craving develop schizophrenia later in their life, if they remain untreated.
