The extending length calculation of hydraulic drive non-metallic completion screen pipe running into ultra-short radius horizontal well

Focusing on the extending length restriction of the completion screen pipe resistance running into ultra-short radius horizontal well,this paper proposed technology of hydraulic drive completion tubular string running into ultra-short radius horizontal well.Innovative hydraulic drive tools and string structure are designed,which are composed of guide tubing,hydraulic drive tubing and non-metallic completion screen pipe from inside to outside.A novel mechanical-hydraulic coupling model is established.Based on the wellbore structure of an ultra-short radius horizontal well for deep coalbed methane,the numerical calculations of force and hydraulic load on tubular strings were accomplished by the mechanical-hydraulic coupling model.The results show that the extending length of completion tubular string with the hydraulic drive is 17 times that of conventional completion technology under the same conditions.The multi-factor orthogonal design is adopted to analyze the numerical calculations,and the results show that the extending length of the completion tubular string is mainly affected by the completion tubular string structure and the friction coefficient between the non-metallic composite continuous screen pipe and the wellbore.Two series of hydraulic drive completion tubular string structures suitable for ultra-short radius horizontal wells under different conditions are optimized,with the extending limits of 381 m and 655 m,respectively.These researches will provide theoretical guidance for design and control of hydraulic drive non-metallic composite continuous completion screen pipe running into ultra-short radius horizontal wells.

The Effective Buckling Length on Numerical Study of Pipe-Sectioned Pier-Pile Integral Steel Structure

Pier-Pile integral structures provide construction works with many environmental and landscape advantages. For example, the space required to construct these structures is smaller than that of other bridges due to the footing being removed, meaning that it is not necessity to greatly change the surroundings of these bridges. While there are environmental and landscape advantages, there are also a few demerits for the overall land-scape designs, including demerits in the design of this proposed structure which consists of relatively slender parts. This proposed structure has already been constructed in areas where possibility of a severe earthquake is low. However, some problems that have yet to be examined are related to the use of this proposed structure in areas where earthquakes are frequent. Lacking detailed studies of its behavior during severe earthquakes, it is currently difficult to construct these structures in Japan. Consequently, it is necessary to investigate in detail limited performance about compression and bending moment, and earthquake- resistant performance of these structures in order to resolve these problems. In this paper, It was clarified the relationship between the rigidity of the ground and the effective buckling length by buckling analysis and elasto- plastic finite deformation analysis. Moreover, it was proposed a simplified formula using a proposed characteristic value β and several factors for analysis accuracy. A simplified formula would support to determine the effective buckling length to design the pier using the load-bearing capacity curve based on the slenderness ratio parameter.

Influence of process parameters on microstructure of semisolid A356 alloy slug cast through vertical pipe

Suitable microstructures required for semisolid casting were formed by using a vertical pipe.Different lengths of vertical pipe,slug dimensions and pouring time were used to investigate their influence on the microstructure of A356 alloy.The results indicate that at the same length of the vertical pipe,the morphology of the primary α(Al)gradually deteriorates by the enlargement in the slug size,but the deteriorating speed slows down with increasing pipe length.They also reveal that the increase in the pipe length improves the microstructure,whereas no further improvement appears when the pipe length reaches a certain value.The optimum length of the pipe obtained in the present work is 430 mm.The microstructure of larger slug poured at higher pouring temperature gets worse and it can be improved by moderately elongating pouring time.The relative mechanisms were also discussed.

Technical Study of Slotted Pipe Working

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Pipe-assembly approach for ships using modified NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm

Pipe-routing for ship is formulated as searching for the near-optimal pipe paths while meeting certain objectives in an environment scattered with obstacles. Due to the complex construction in layout space, the great number of pipelines, numerous and diverse design constraints and large amount of obstacles, finding the optimum route of ship pipes is a complicated and time-consuming process. A modified NSGA-II algorithm based approach is proposed to find the near-optimal solution to solve the problem. By simplified equipment models, the layout space is firstly divided into three dimensional （3D） grids to build its mathematical model. In the modified NSGA-II algorithm, the concept of auxiliary point is introduced to improve the search range of maze algorithm （MA） as well as to guarantee the diversity of chromosomes in initial population. Then the fix-length coding mechanism is proposed, Fuzzy set theory is also adopted to select the optimal solution in Pareto solutions. Finally, the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach is demonstrated by the contrast test and simulation. The merit of the proposed algorithm lies in that it can provide more appropriate solutions for the designers while subject certain constrains.

Theoretical Study of Fully Developed Turbulent Flow in a Channel, Using Prandtl’s Mixing Length Model

This research used the common decomposition of the velocity and pressure in an average part and a fluctuating part, for high Reynolds number, of the Navier-Stokes equation, which leads to the classic problem of turbulent closure. The Prandtl’s mixing length model, based on the Boussinesq hypothesis and traditionally used for free shear flows, was chosen and adapted for internal flows to solve the closure problem. For channel flows, Johann Nikuradse proposed a model for the Prandtl mixing length. In the present paper, which has an academic character, the authors made a return to the model of the mixing length of Prandtl and the model of Nikuradse, to solve turbulent flows inside a plane channel. It was possible to develop an ordinary differential model for the velocity in the direction of the flow whose solution occurs computationally in a simple but extremely accurate way when compared with Direct Numerical Simulation databases. For the viscous stress on the wall, it was possible to determine the exact mathematical solution of the ordinary differential equation. It is a model of great academic value and even to be used as reference for verification of computational codes destined to the solution of complete numerical and computational models.

砂卵石地层矿山法隧道长管棚支护机理及应用

研究目的:砂卵石地层由于卵石强度高且颗粒分布无序,因此长管棚施工地层扰动大且支护效果难以保证,已成为制约隧道实际应用的一大瓶颈。本文以某轨道交通暗挖法车站为依托工程,采用理论分析、现场测试与数值模拟相结合的方法,对不同直径、不同环向间距条件下长管棚的支护效果进行了深入研究,以期揭示砂卵石地层矿山法隧道长管棚支护机理,提出最佳支护参数。研究结论:(1)砂卵石地层,暗挖隧道管棚超前支护条件下,地层沉降变形在向地表传递过程中,沿高度方向的折减率约为0.91 mm/m;(2)管棚超前支护效果对矿山法隧道工程安全具有决定性作用,须采取措施减小管棚施工扰动及相应地层变形;(3)根据单因素敏感性分析结果,地表沉降随管棚支护长度的增加而增大,随管棚环向间距的增大而增加,且基本呈正相关;(4)为有效控制地表沉降并提高工程经济效益,建议直径127 mm管棚环向间距宜为35 cm,支护长度宜为40 m;直径159 mm管棚建议环向间距宜为40 cm,支护长度宜为40 m;直径209 mm管棚建议环向间距宜为45 cm,支护长度宜为50 m;管棚直径与其最佳打设长度正相关;(5)本研究结论可为砂卵石地层矿山法隧道支护措施提供借鉴与参考。

基于小冲杆试验的管道钢断后伸长率研究

断后伸长率是表征管材塑性的典型指标,管道局部如焊接接头处受尺寸限制无法开展单轴拉伸试验,需要借助微试样试验方法完成取样及测试。小冲杆试验作为一种微试样试验方法,能够用于获取多种力学性能参数。当前研究中,主要通过经验关联方法将载荷-位移曲线中最大位移、最大载荷对应位移及试样断后弧长等关键参量关联至材料断后伸长率。然而,上述方法对管道钢的适用性不明确,使其对管道钢材料无法直接应用。针对这一问题,首先讨论了上述基于不同特征参量的经验关联方法对管道钢的适用性,之后提供了一种断后弧长简化计算方法,并形成了适用于管道钢的基于断后弧长的经验关联公式。在此基础上,进行厚度效应修正,建立了基于小厚度试样确定管道钢材料断后伸长率的经验公式并进行可靠性验证。结果表明,基于断后弧长简化计算方法的经验关联公式确定的断后伸长率最大误差为5.08%,厚度效应修正公式对小厚度试样计算结果的最大误差为5.53%,证明建立的经验关联公式拟合效果良好且对管道钢具有良好的适用性,可为其他钢级管道局部区域断后伸长率的计算提供理论基础。

双目视觉拍摄角度对管长测量精度的影响研究

管件长度的测量是管件加工和检测的一项重要过程,传统的接触式测量方法,存在效率低,精度差,成本高等问题;非接触式测量作为一种智能、实时的测量方式具有精度高、成本低、测量速度快等优点,其中双目视觉测量是中小型零件测量常用的方式。但对大型零件的测量还存在一些问题,比如,船舶管件尺寸普遍较大,采集数据难度较大,影响测量精度。经实验发现,其测量精度对拍摄角度较敏感,主要原因在于拍摄角度影响着管件内壁产生噪点的数目,进而影响圆心位置拟合精度和尺寸测量精度。本研究针对此问题,开展了测量精度与拍摄角度关系的研究,发现同一半径下,当相机光轴与管件轴线方向一致时,内壁反射产生的噪点较少,拟合圆心位置较准确,测量结果精度较高;不同半径时,半径越大对拍摄角度越敏感。并将实验测量结果与三坐标测量结果对比,发现在当拍摄角度在[87°,93°]时,测量精度最高,测量精度可达到(±0.230)mm,较之传统皮尺测量,精度提升了77%。

蒸发冷凝长度比对不同微槽平板铝热管热性能的影响

为研究不同蒸发段和冷凝段长度比值对平板铝热管热性能的影响,通过实验分析了相同截面尺寸、相同填充工质、矩形微槽道和三角形微槽道的平板热管90°安装,以及采用连续递增的输入热流和冷凝段强制风冷换热时,9种不同比值对平板热管热性能的影响。研究结果表明:提出的平板微槽道热管蒸发段冷凝段长度比值对平板微槽道热管热性能的影响明显。优选的两种类型蒸发段冷凝段长度比值在0.8~1.25范围内,传热性能良好。对比不同微槽道的平板热管发现,同等条件下矩形微槽道平板热管的传热性能优于三角形微槽道平板热管,并提出蒸发段冷凝段长度比值的最佳值为1,建议应用设计中蒸发段冷凝段长度比值范围为0.8~1.0。研究结果可对平板微槽道热管应用系统的设计提供准确参考。

地下水示踪试验中穿透曲线的解析——以平果县平南赤泥堆场地下岩溶系统为例

地下水示踪试验中的穿透曲线解译是一项重要的技术,通过这一技术,可以获得关于地下岩溶管道的信息,如管道的尺寸、连通性、分布和方向等。然而,在实际应用中,仍存在许多问题需要解决,以提高对穿透曲线的解释准确性和可靠性。以平果县平南赤泥堆场地下岩溶系统为例,利用荧光计获取示踪数据结合Qtracer2软件对示踪剂回收率、平均滞留时间、弥散系数、地下水平均流速等参数进行计算,并结合当前被广泛认同的结论对穿透曲线中的多峰、异常波动等现象进行解释。由于本次研究区的岩溶管道规模小,将岩溶管道的复杂性降低到了可计算程度,对并联岩溶管道长度近似值进行计算,最后排除曲线尾部的峰值为溶质暂态存储现象,分析表明研究区属于多管道岩溶系统,地下水主要表现为“岩溶水扩散流”特征。本研究为地下水数值模型提供了依据,为研究如何分析岩溶复杂介质运移特征提供参考。

线缆长度驱动的两阶段热管约束组件布局优化方法

针对航天器总体布局设计过程中需要考虑线缆长度的问题,提出一种以线缆长度最小化为目标的两阶段热管约束组件布局优化方法。面向几何、质心、热管散热以及线缆长度等多种复杂约束相互耦合的布局难题,基于分而治之的思想提出将原问题解耦为两个序贯优化子问题,通过构建并求解子问题的混合整数规划模型,实现了综合考虑多条线缆最短化目标下预埋热管舱板组件布局的高效优化设计。数值布局算例结果表明,在包含15个组件、3条有线信息链路的多种优化场景下,本方法均可以找到两级求解框架下的最优布局设计结果,充分验证了方法的可行性和有效性。

回注管洗井工艺的理论验证及应用效果分析

为了验证现场回注管洗井工艺下入井的长度是否达到洗井目的,对循环洗井液液滴进行受力分析,发现当液滴所受重力等于气体对其浮力加拖曳力之和时,液滴沉降至井底的速度为最小速度;将其代入伯努利方程,可计算出回注管最小长度;通过将计算结果与实际下入回注管长度进行对比,得出目前应回注管洗井工艺的11口井循环洗井液液滴均可沉降至井底,都可达到洗井的目的。该公式能够为回注管洗井工艺提供理论支撑,正确指导后期现场应用。

海洋纤维增强柔性管压溃失效特性研究及参数敏感性分析

以一种黏结型的纤维增强柔性管作为研究对象,基于ABAQUS建立纤维增强柔性管的实体单元模型。根据二维Hashin失效判据判断柔性管失效情况,充分考虑管道内外护套层塑性及纤维增强层复合材料渐进失效,建立纤维增强柔性管的压溃数值模型。将特征值法与弧长法相结合,计算得到了较为精准的纤维增强柔性管临界压溃压力及对应的外压—椭圆度曲线;并对影响柔性管临界压溃压力的几个敏感性参数如椭圆度、纤维缠绕角度、直线度进行分析。研究结果表明椭圆度和直线度偏差的增大及纤维缠绕角度的降低均会使柔性管的临界压溃压力下降,该结果对纤维增强柔性管的设计与使用均具有一定的参考意义。

一种定长制动软管自动切管机的研制

汽车制动软管是燃油汽车制动系统中用于传输或储存液压油、气体等介质,提供汽车制动器加力的可弯曲且有一定弹性的柔性导管,其质量好坏与汽车安全性能息息相关。生产出合格软管的关键环节,是将不定长的软管按规范裁剪成满足设计要求的定长管子。采用可编程控制器(Programmable Logic Controller,PLC)作为核心控制单元,利用市场上现有成熟、可靠的产品,设计出具有特殊功能的制动软管自动切管机,将定长管切割成2种长度,并自动计算每种管子的裁剪数量,成功提高切管速度和精度。

软土地基中预制管桩分节长度对打桩影响的数值分析研究

预制管桩作为一种质量可靠、施工便捷、生产周期可控、抗压能力好的钢筋混凝土桩,在沿海软基地区工程建设中被广泛应用。预制管桩施打过程中由于打桩机高度及起吊重量的条件的限制,预制管桩施工过程中需要分节施打。对于同型号的打桩机械,在施打不同长度的预制管桩时,预制管桩的初始贯入度将会有不同的影响。由于沿海地区地层表层地基土承载力较低,在施打预制管桩时容易发生溜桩。本文旨在通过GRLWEAP软件模拟分析不同分节长度对管桩施打的影响,并结合渤海湾某项目预制管桩施打情况统计为预制管桩施工过程中分节长度选取提供参考。

高压岔管衬砌混凝土施工期温控防裂研究

高压岔管承受高压水和高速水流冲刷,为了满足这一结构和工作特点,混凝土常采用泵送混凝土,利用其强度高的优点,但其温升高、弹性模量大,且一般是早强混凝土,容易产生温度裂缝。针对这一问题,以阳江抽水蓄能电站高压岔管为例,结合结构和材料特点,借助三维有限单元法,对高压岔管施工期的温度应力进行研究,筛选温控防裂措施。计算结果表明,高压岔管分缝长度对防裂影响显著,同时降低入仓温度,采用内部通水降温,可起到更好的温控防裂效果。高压岔管混凝土在有通水冷却措施条件下,浇筑温度控制在26℃以内,最小安全系数可达1.50以上,可作为工程现场浇筑施工方案。

新建黄土隧道基底钢管桩加固合理桩长研究

湿陷性黄土地区新建黄土隧道的明洞及浅埋段湿陷等级高、承载力低,隧道基底承载力往往满足不了设计要求,常采用钢管桩进行基底加固。为研究钢管桩的合理桩长,以某新建黄土隧道为工程背景,通过建立三维有限元分析模型,分别研究了钢管桩长度为4 m、6 m、8 m和12 m四种工况下隧道围岩和复合地基的受力及变形情况。研究结果表明钢管桩长度越大,围岩和复合地基应力稳定值及最终变形量越小,但当钢管桩长度大于6 m时,钢管桩对隧底的加固效果基本相同,围岩和复合地基应力稳定值及最终变形量基本相同,建议钢管桩的合理长度取6~8 m。

顶管工程套管内供热管道允许布置长度分析

由于非开挖顶管工程中套管内供热管道在热膨胀后易拱起,为防止管道因拱起受到损坏,应对套管内管道允许布置长度进行校核分析。采用传统校核方法得到的计算结果较短,不满足实际工程的需要。本文为此提出了考虑供热管道自重与介质重量的改进校核方法,得到的允许布置长度范围得以扩大,可满足工程实际需要。

激光切管机使用的影响因素及解决方法

激光切管机主要用于切割板材、管材等长度较长的材料,其对设备、工艺参数、操作细节等方面具有更高要求。分析激光切管机的工作原理、技术特点、辅助气体、切割功率、参数调用、切割方法以及使用过程中的影响因素,总结一套相对完整的工艺参数调整方法,旨在为相关领域的技术人员更安全方便地使用设备提供一定参考和借鉴。