Application of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion followed by uterine artery embolization for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta during cesarean section

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion followed by uterine artery embolization for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta during cesarean section.Methods:We performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical data for 623 patients who experienced pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta and received treatment in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2019.All patients underwent abdominal aortic balloon occlusion before their cesarean section.Seventyeight patients received bilateral uterine artery embolization,and among them,placenta accreta was found at the opening of the cervix in 13 patients.Due to suturing difficulty after the removal of the placenta,gauze packing was used to temporarily compress the hemorrhage.As soon as the uterus was sutured,emergent bilateral uterine artery embolization was performed.Active bleeding was noted in the remaining 65 patients when the lower part of the uterus was pressed after the placenta was removed and the uterus was sutured,therefor,bilateral uterine artery embolization was performed urgently.Results:Of the 623 patients,545 patients underwent only abdominal aortic balloon occlusion and 78 patients underwent additional emergent bilateral uterine artery embolization due to hemorrhaging during or after their cesarean section.No hysterectomies were performed.In the 78 patients,the amount of bleeding was 800-3,200 ml with an average of 1,650 ml during the operation;the volume of blood transfused was 360-1,750 ml(average:960 ml).The fetal fluoroscopy time was 3–8 s(average:5 s).The dose of radiation exposure was(4.2±2.9) m Gy.Fetal appearance,pulse,grimace,activity,and respiration(Apgar) score were normal.No serious complications were observed during or after the operation in the follow-up visits.Conclusion:For patients with pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta who experience active bleeding after cesarean section and abdominal aortic balloon occlusion,bilateral uterine artery embolization can effectively reduce blood loss and requirement of blood transfusion during the operation,and lowers the risk of hysterectomy.

Relationship between Placenta Location and Resolution of Second Trimester Placenta Previa

This prospective study was conducted to assess the rate of resolution of second trimester placenta previa in women with anterior placenta and posterior placenta, and that in women with and without previous cesarean section. In this study, placenta previa was defined as a placenta lying within 20 mm of the internal cervical os or overlapping it. We recruited 183 women diagnosed with previa between 20+0 weeks and 25+6 weeks. They were grouped according to their placenta location(anterior or posterior) and history of cesarean section. Comparative analysis was performed on demographic data, resolution rate of previa and pregnancy outcomes between anterior group and posterior group, and on those between cesarean section group and non-cesarean section group. Women with an anterior placenta tended to be advanced in parity(P=0.040) and have increased number of dilatation and curettage(P=0.044). The women in cesarean section group were significantly older(P=0.000) and had more parity(P=0.000), gravidity(P=0.000), and dilatation and curettage(P=0.048) than in non-cesarean section group. Resolution of previa at delivery occurred in 87.43% women in this study. Women with a posterior placenta had a higher rate of resolution(P=0.030), while history of cesarean section made no difference. Gestational age at resolution was earlier in posterior group(P=0.002) and non-cesarean section group(P=0.008) than in anterior group and cesarean section group correspondingly. Placenta location and prior cesarean section did not influence obstetric outcomes and neonatal outcomes. This study indicates that it is more likely to have subsequent resolution of the previa when the placenta is posteriorly located for women who are diagnosed with placenta previa in the second trimester.

Detecting Accuracy of Three Dimensional Power Doppler (3DPD) Vascular Indices for Prenatal Diagnosis of Morbidly Adherent Placenta in Patients with Placenta Previa

Objective:?The study’s objective was to assess the accuracy of using prenatal 3-dimensional power Doppler analysis of vascular placental indices to accurately diagnose morbidly adherent placenta objectively. Background:?Traditionally, 2D ultrasound was used for the diagnosis of a suspected morbidly adherent placenta (MAP) previa. More objective techniques like 3D power Doppler haven’t been well studied. Study Design:?A prospective cohort study?is?designed for women with gestational age between 28 and?32 weeks with suspected placenta previa. Patients were examined by 2D ultrasound which was used in management decisions.?3D Power Doppler’s VI, FI and VFI were measured during the same examination after manual tracing of placenta;data were blinded to obstetricians. Histopathology was performed to confirm MAP. Results: Our results showed that the 3D power Doppler VI ≥ 16 predicted the diagnosis of MAP with 100% sensitivity, 100% specificity which is better than those of 2D ultrasound. While VI > 33.1 measured by 3D Doppler predicted severe MAP with a sensitivity of 73.9% and specificity of 86.4%, which was superior to 2D ultrasound. Conclusion:?In patients with placenta previa, the 3D Doppler’s vascular index accurately predicts MAP. Furthermore, vascular and vascular flow indices of 3D Doppler were more predictive of severe cases of MAP compared to 2D ultrasound.

Morbidly Adherent Placenta (MAP): Lessons learnt

Context: Once a rare occurrence, MAP is becoming an increasing threat to maternal lives. Aims: To summarize our experience in the management of patients with morbidly adherent placenta. Introduction: MAP is a potentially life threatening hemorrhagic condition responsible for 7% - 10% maternal mortality. Settings and Design: Tertiary care center. Methods and Material: Retrospective study in which data of twelve patients with clinical diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta was reviewed from Jan 2009 till Sept 2012. Results: The incidence of placenta accreta was found to be increasing every year. Out of twelve cases with clinical diagnosis of MAP, placenta previa was present in 10/12 patients with MAP. All patients had history of previous section. Two patients with preoperative diagnosis of MAP on USG/MRI were found to be normal intra-operative and in one patient focal accreta was diagnosed intraoperatively. Nine patients of MAP underwent caesarean hysterectomy due to excessive bleeding during placental separation and were confirmed histo-pathologically (3 accreta vera, 3 increta and 3 percreta). Internal iliac artery ligation was done in 2 patients. Two patients with placenta percreta had bladder rupture which was repaired and these two patients subsequently expired. Conclusions: The incidence of placenta accreta is increasing due to higher cesarean section (C/S) rate. Key to successful outcome is awareness, anticipation, preoperative counseling, planning and multidisciplinary approach.

Maternal Outcome of Cases of Placenta Previa with and without Morbidly Adherent Placenta at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia

Introduction:?Worldwide increasing cesarean section rates are expected to have a parallel increase in the number of cases of Placenta Previa with all the expected complications, including pathologically adherent placenta. This morbidly adherent placenta constitutes a serious and possibly a life threatening complication. An efficient team capable for managing possible complicated situations will be able to reduce mortality and morbidity. Objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate maternal outcome in cases of Placenta Previa with and without morbidly adherent placenta. Methods: Analysis of all pregnancies complicated by antepartum hemorrhage during the period from January 2013 to September 2017 at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) was done. Cases of Placenta Previa with gestational age > 28 weeks were included. They were classified into 2 groups;Group (A) included Placenta Previa cases without morbidly adherent placenta and Group (B) included cases with morbidly adherent placenta. Maternal outcomes were recorded. Results: Placenta Previa was the leading cause of antepartum hemorrhage constituting 76.8%, out of them 52% were unbooked. Morbidly adherent placenta constituted 13.5% of total Placenta Previa cases and was diagnosed prenatally in only 1 case. Morbidity rate in placenta previa patients with adherent placenta (Group B) was higher than in placenta previa without adherent placenta (Group A). We considered the occurrence of intrapartum hypovolemic shock, Intensive care unit admission, surgical complications and peripartum hysterectomy as parameters for morbidity. P value for hypovolemic shock was insignificant (P = 0.580), significant for Intensive care unit admission (P = 0.008), significant for surgical complications (P = 0.009) and significant for peripartum

Association between etiopathogenesis of morbidly adherent placenta and adenomyosis

The association between etio-pathogenesis of morbidly adherent placenta (MAP) or placenta cretas and adenomyosis has never been described in medical literature. Contrary to the believe that MAP is due to direct invasion of trophoblastic tissues into the adjacent normal myometrium due to prior uterine surgeries, this article describes how pre-existence of adenomyosis acts as a precursor for the development of placenta cretas. It elucidates how prior uterine traumas such as surgeries, repeated childbirths and endometritis cause endometrial tissues to invade the myometrium as a result of disruption of decidua basalis. The invaded endometrial tissues cause hyper-plasia and hypertrophy of surrounding myometrium to form the clinical entity called adenomyosis. The over-expression of bcl-2 oncogene in the endometrium causes inhibition of apoptosis of endometrial cells removing the barrier of trophoblastic tissues to invade the myometrium to form MAP. This hypothesis is based on the similarity of their clinical perspectives, similar pathological description of the two disease entities and their common molecular components. Both diseases increase with age;more in women older than 35 years and also in those with history of previous endometrial traumas such as surgeries, childbirth and endometritis. Both diseases also share common pathological factors and molecular components due to absence of deciduas basalis and over-expression of bcl-2 oncoprotein gene, inhibition of cell apoptosis and failure to find genetic abnormalities such as mutations of K-ras, P53 or LOH. An ongoing study looking at uterine specimens from cesarean hysterectomies and pelvic MRI evaluation of patients with retained placentas to prove that pre-existing adenomyosis may be a precursor to the development of morbidly adherent placenta is near to conclusion.

Blood Consumption in Placental Abnormalities

Introduction: Hemorrhage is one of the most common causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to investigate how much abnormal placentation can affect blood bank capacity and to measure the burden on the blood bank caused by excessive use of blood and blood products. Methodology: This is a retrospective study conducted at King Saud Medical City Maternity Hospital in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from January 2019-September 2020. It includes 170 cases diagnosed with abnormal placentation (low-lying placenta or placenta previa, accreta, increta, or percreta). The primary purpose was to measure consumption of blood and blood products in cases of placental abnormalities and to investigate how much this affects blood bank capacity. A secondary aim was to report rates of admission to the ICU and maternal mortality. Results: This study included 170 women with placental abnormalities. Placental previa had occurred in 96 cases, followed by placenta accreta in 46 cases, placenta increta in 13 cases, placenta percreta in 8 cases, and low-lying placenta in 7 cases. Most patients (93) were treated with a Bakri balloon to prevent hemorrhage, but 38 patients had a hysterectomy. The average estimation of blood loss was 2210 ml, with no maternal mortality. An average of 3.39 units of packed red blood cells (PRBC) with a maximum of 20 units, 2.12 units of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) with a maximum of 20 units, and 0.7 units of packed platelets (PP) with maximum of 12 units consumed per patient. Eighty-seven patients (51.2%) were admitted to the ICU and 83 others (48.8%) were admitted to the high dependency unit. Conclusion:<span style="font-family: "> Blood and blood product volumes had a linear relationship with the severity of placental abnormalities and estimated blood loss. Therefore, blood bank services should be available to save mothers’ life.

Fazari’s Sign in Ultrasound Scan of Morbid Adherent Placenta/Placenta Accreta Spectrum (MAP/PAS) and Fazari’s Triad during (MAP/PAS) Surgery

Morbid Adherent Placenta (MAP)/Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) is a serious diagnosis which has a risk of complications. Ultrasound scan helps in early diagnosis and has great value in further confirmation and follow up. Observed new clinical sign and associated clinical triad are discussed here.

A Seven-Step Approach to Control Severe Hemorrhage in Cesarean Delivery with the Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders Avoiding Hysterectomy

Objectives: To describe a novel procedure to treat hemorrhage of placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PAS) or cesarean-scar pregnancy (CSP). Methods: This was a retrospective study of women under cesarean delivery with PAS or placenta previa. Patients’ information was acquired from hospital records. A novel procedure of surgery is developed with seven major steps, including avoiding placenta incised, elevating upward the uterine, clamping the uterine arteries with sponge forceps, removing the placenta, opening the vesicouterine space and suture techniques. Results: A total of 38 patients were reviewed. Twenty-one patients diagnosed with placenta accrete syndrome and 3 patients with CSP were underwent surgery with the novel procedure of surgery and all severe hemorrhage was controlled without hysterectomy. There were 2 women with bladder injuries needing primary repair. Fourteen patients with placenta previa underwent cesarean delivery and there was no intraoperative complication of the total 14 patients. Conclusion: The seven-step approach is more secure and effective to control severe hemorrhage without other invasive procedures in cesarean delivery with PAS. It is technically easier to maintain and improve surgical skills.

Evaluation of Different Ultrasonographic Modalities in the Diagnosis of Morbidly Adherent Placenta: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: To compare the accuracy of different ultrasonographic modalities;two-dimensional ultrasound (2D-US), color Doppler and three-dimensional power Doppler (3D-PD) in the antenatal diagnosis of the morbidly adherent placenta. Setting: Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: All patients fulfill the inclusions criteria: gestational age > 28 weeks, previous one or more cesarean delivery, previous uterine surgery, placenta previa, vitally stable patient and women accepted to participate in the study were included. All patients were evaluated using 2D-US, color Doppler and 3D-PD before delivery. The final diagnosis was established by laparotomy and by histopathology of hysterectomy sample if hysterectomy would be done. Results: One-hundred fifty patients were enrolled in the study. 2D-US has higher sensitivity (86.96%) than 2D color Doppler (84.06%) and 3D-PD (79.71%) in the diagnosis of placenta accreta. On the other hand, 3D-PD has slightly higher specificity (83.95%) than color Doppler (82.72%) and 2D-US (77.78%) in the diagnosis of placenta accreta. The most sensitive parameter in 2D-Us was the loss of retroplacental sonolucent zone (86.96%). As regards color Doppler, the most sensitive parameter was the hypervascularity of the uterine-bladder interface (84.06%). Tortuous vascularity with chaotic branching was the most sensitive parameter in 3D-PD with a sensitivity of 82.61%. Conclusions: The use of 3D power Doppler with both 2D-US and color Doppler as complementary techniques could improve the antenatal diagnosis or exclusion of morbidly adherent placenta.

Can Necrosis and Ovarian Vein Thrombus Be a Serious Complication in Morbidly Adherent Placenta?

We report a case of a 40-year-old woman, second pregnancy, previous cesarean section due to intrauterine growth restriction and placenta accreta spectrum disorders. She was 25 weeks gestational age, admitted to the hospital 25 weeks gestational age, diagnosed with fetal death. Initial conservative management attempt with uterine preservation progresses to complications requiring total hysterectomy followed by a rare outcome: pelvic thrombi with uterine necrosis, with its associated clinical complications.

Retained placenta: Do we have any option?

Retained placenta is a known cause of post-partum haemorrhage and maternal mortality. A recent systemic review has confirmed that the incidence of retained placenta had increased all over the world, which is more common in developed countries. Failure of retroplacental myometrium contraction is the main cause of retained placenta. Maternal age greater than 35 years, grandmultipara, preterm labor, history of previous retained placenta, and caesarean section were the risk factors for retained placenta. Manual removal of the placenta has been the treatment of choice. Attempts had been made by clinician and researchers to find a safe, effective and reliable method to avoid the need for surgical intervention. The efficacy and safety of prostaglandin, nitroglycerin or acupuncture in the management of retained placenta are yet to be further evaluated. Nonetheless, till date only intraumbilical vein oxytocin has been studied extensively but with varied success. More randomized clinical trials are needed to address this issue. However, if immediate manual placenta removal service is unavailable, a trial of intra-umbilical vein oxytocin 100 IU at a totalvolume of at least 40 m L while preparing for transfer to a tertiary center or theatre may result in spontaneous expulsion of the placenta.

膜状胎盘19例临床妊娠结局分析

目的 探讨膜状胎盘发病机制及对妊娠结局的影响。方法 检索2010年4月至2021年6月甘肃省妇幼保健院产前检查并住院终止妊娠的170 621例孕妇的临床资料,选取其中产前超声诊断并经产后病理证实的19例膜状胎盘或部分性膜状胎盘病人作为研究对象。查阅病历收集19例孕妇的年龄、孕次、孕周、超声检查资料、胎儿宫内生长情况、终止妊娠的孕周、分娩方式、产前及产后出血情况及围产儿结局等资料进行回顾性分析。结果 膜状胎盘的发生率0.011 1%(19/170 621),其中既往有刮宫史12例、胎儿生长受限的16例、羊水过少15例、15例出现脐动脉血流异常、11例出现产前出血、引产经阴道分娩16例、剖宫产3例;围产儿17例死胎分娩、2例新生儿存活。结论 膜状胎盘可导致早产、流产、胎死宫内、羊水过少、胎儿宫内生长受限等严重不良围产儿结局,也可导致产前及产后大量出血,对于膜状胎盘孕妇,需要制定合理的诊疗方案,早诊断,早干预。

Conservative Management of Placenta Accreta of Seven Cases

Introduction: Placenta accreta is a potentially life threatening obstetrical condition. The incidence has increased. Diagnosis before delivery allows multidisciplinary planning in an attempt to minimize potential maternal or neonatal morbidity and mortality. Prenatal ultrasonography is used to support the diagnosis and guide clinical management leading probably to favorable outcomes. Actually a conservative option which includes leaving all or part of the placenta in situ when fertility preservation is desired is recommended. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients diagnosed with placenta accreta in gynecology-obstetrics department of the university hospital Mohammed the VI of Marrakesh;Morocco;from January the first 2014 to January the second 2016. Results: We found seven cases. We described: The epidemiological characteristics, risk factors, management of placenta accreta, outcomes and prognosis. The incidence of placenta accreta was 1/3847 deliveries. The mean term of delivery was 35 weeks. We have adopted a successful conservative treatment in six cases (71.4%). The radical treatment was adopted in one patient initially admitted for severe post-partum hemorrhage;the prognosis was good in 85.7% cases. Conclusion: Conservative management of placenta accreta is a safe and efficient and is an interesting alternative for hysterectomy.

子宫血管缝扎术及宫颈环状缝扎术联合双侧髂内动脉球囊阻断治疗PPP合并胎盘植入效果

目的:探讨凶险性前置胎盘(PPP)合并胎盘植入治疗效果。方法:选取2019年3月-2023年5月本院就诊治疗的PPP合并胎盘植入患者56例临床资料,根据治疗方式不同分为两组,采用子宫血管缝扎术及宫颈环状缝扎术联合双侧髂内动脉球囊阻断治疗为观察组26例,采用单纯双侧髂内动脉球囊阻断治疗为对照组30例,分析两组相关指标。结果:治疗后两组甲胎蛋白及绒毛膜促性腺激素水平均较术前降低,且观察组(82.6±26.3 ng/ml、122.3±56.3 mIU/ml)低于对照组(113.0±41.1 ng/ml、649.5±86.5 mIU/ml),总并发症发生率观察组(3.8%)低于对照组(23.3%)(均P<0.05);两组新生儿Apgar评分(9.6±0.3分、9.3±0.6分)无差异(P>0.05)。观察组住院时间(6.6±1.2d)及住院费用(3.2±0.6)万元均低于对照组(7.9±1.5d)(4.3±1.0)万元(P<0.05)结论:采取子宫血管缝扎与宫颈环状缝扎术、双侧髂内动脉球囊阻断治疗PPP合并胎盘植入可效果更佳,且可降低术后并发症,术后恢复更快,对新生儿未产生不良影响。

不同位置动脉球囊阻断在凶险性前置胎盘术中的应用价值

目的评估不同位置动脉球囊阻断术在凶险性前置胎盘合并胎盘植入剖腹产术中应用临床效果及安全性的对比研究。方法本院2015年9月至2022年8月共有57例经多普勒超声和/或核磁共振证实凶险性前置胎盘合并胎盘植入,在剖腹产术前行动脉球囊阻断术,其中腹主动脉球囊阻断术(A组)26例,髂总动脉球囊阻断术(B组)31例。结果A、B两组合计子宫保有率100%(57/57),剖宫产手术时间、新生儿Apgar评分(1 min、5 min)两组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),A组术中出血量显著低于B两组术中出血量(P<0.05),放射防护安全性方面,A组明显优于B组(P<0.05)。A组分别出现1例球囊回撤失败,B组分别出现1例动脉血栓和1例下肢静脉血栓,两组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论腹主动脉球囊阻断术和髂总动脉球囊阻断术均可降低子宫切除率,保留患者生育功能,但是腹主动脉球囊阻断术中出血量及放射防护安全性均优于髂总动脉球囊阻断术。

子痫前期患者循环PLGF水平对预测病情及评估母婴结局的价值初探

目的探讨循环胎盘生长因子(PLGF)水平与子痫前期(PE)病情程度及母婴结局、胎盘病理学改变的相关性。方法选取PE患者159例为研究对象,根据终止妊娠孕周分为:PE_(1)组(62例,<34周终止妊娠的PE患者)和PE_(2)组(97例,≥34周终止妊娠的PE患者);选取同期分娩的107例非PE患者作为对照,根据终止妊娠孕周分为:非PE_(1)组(41例,<34周终止妊娠的非PE患者),非PE_(2)组(66例,≥34周终止妊娠的非PE患者)。收集各组孕妇一般资料:年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、入院收缩压、舒张压,24 h尿蛋白定量、孕产次、是否存在胎儿生长受限(FGR)、胎儿宫内窘迫。新生儿一般资料:术中记录是否有羊水粪染、新生儿窒息,新生儿入住新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)天数;检测分娩当日孕妇静脉血PIGF;将患者胎盘行病理检测并评分;胎儿娩出后行脐动脉血气分析并记录酸碱度(p H)、碱剩余(BE)、乳酸(LAC)。结果PE_(1)组和PE_(2)组与相应孕周非PE_(1)和非PE_(2)组年龄、孕次、产次差异无统计学意义;PE_(1)组与PE_(2)组BMI分别高于非PE_(1)、非PE_(2)组,PLGF分别低于非PE_(1)、非PE_(2)组,且PE_(1)组PLGF低于PE_(2)组(P<0.05)。PE_(1)组患者24 h尿蛋白定量、收缩压、舒张压、胎盘异常病理改变评分高于PE_(2)组(P<0.05)。PE_(1)组与PE_(2)组产时羊水粪染、胎儿宫内窘迫情况、脐动脉血p H值差异无统计学意义,与PE_(2)组比较,PE_(1)组新生儿窒息及FGR比例、脐动脉血LAC升高,BE值降低,入住NICU时间延长(P<0.05)。结论PE患者循环PLGF水平降低,PLGF水平在PE病情评估、预测不良妊娠结局方面有一定价值。

腹主动脉球囊阻断术与改良后子宫血管阻断术在胎盘植入性疾病患者再次剖宫产中的应用比较

目的研究预置腹主动脉球囊阻断术与改良后子宫血管阻断术在前置胎盘伴胎盘植入性疾病再次剖宫产中的应用效果。方法选取2016年4月至2022年12月在合肥市妇幼保健院行再次剖宫产手术治疗的前置胎盘伴胎盘植入性疾病的瘢痕子宫患者97例。术前行腹主动脉球囊阻断术48例为对照组,术中行改良后子宫血管阻断术49例为观察组。观察比较两组患者术中、术后情况。结果观察组的术后行双侧子宫动脉栓塞术数、人均住院费用均小于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组的术中平均出血量、输注红细胞悬液量、子宫切除率、膀胱破裂率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论两种手术方式在完全性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入患者的再次剖宫产手术治疗中均能有效减少术中出血,而使用改良后子宫血管阻断术,未出现血管介入手术并发症,无需X线暴露,母儿安全性高,同时降低了住院费用,具有临床推广潜力。

子宫下段前后壁提拉缝合术联合子宫双侧壁加固缝合法在凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产中止血的应用

目的探讨子宫下段前后壁提拉缝合术联合子宫双侧壁加固缝合法在凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产中的止血效果和应用。方法回顾性选择运用子宫下段前后壁提拉缝合联合子宫双侧壁加固缝合术治疗的凶险性前置胎盘患者11例,观察患者一般情况、围手术期指标、术后情况及新生儿结局等,评价手术效果。结果11例患者术中证实均有胎盘植入,有5例胎盘植入深度达到子宫浆膜层。11例患者均实行子宫下段宫颈提拉缝合联合子宫双侧壁加固缝合术,无一例失败。患者术中出血量中位数为400(300~700)mL。平均手术时间为(65±14)min。11例患者中10例患者术后恶露及体温正常,无明显感染征象,术后住院时间均≤7 d。1例术后出现发热,原因不明,恶露正常,血常规及感染指标正常,复查妇科彩超提示宫腔内少量积液,无明显胎盘组织,术后8天自动出院。出院后随访,无产褥期感染。11例新生儿无窒息。5例早产儿转新生儿科后均未行气管插管辅助呼吸,均治愈出院。结论子宫下段前后壁提拉缝合联合子宫双侧壁加固缝合术在凶险性前置胎盘手术中止血效果好,可行性强,术中及术后均无明显产后出血及其他术后并发症。

产前胎盘超声评分法联合MRI对前置胎盘合并胎盘植入的诊断价值研究

目的分析产前胎盘超声评分法联合核磁共振成像(MRI)对前置胎盘合并胎盘植入的诊断价值。方法选取2021年6月~2023年12月在中山市博爱医院产科门诊就诊的102例既往有剖宫产史或宫腔操作史、中晚孕期前置胎盘且疑似胎盘植入患者为研究对象,在晚孕期(≥28周)分别对所有研究对象进行产前胎盘超声、MRI检查。以病理诊断结果为金标准,分析胎盘超声评分法、MRI、胎盘超声评分+MRI(联合诊断)三种检查方式对前置胎盘合并胎盘植入的诊断价值。结果术后病理诊断结果显示,102例疑似胎盘前置合并胎盘植入患者中,66例确诊,36例为非胎盘前置合并胎盘植入患者;胎盘超声评分法诊断确诊63例胎盘前置合并胎盘植入患者;MRI诊断确诊62例,联合诊断确诊79例。三种检查方式对比,特异度、准确度、阳性预测值无明显差异(P>0.05),灵敏度、阴性预测值存在显著差异(P<0.05)。联合诊断的灵敏度、阴性预测值显著高于胎盘超声评分法、MRI诊断(P<0.05);联合诊断的准确度高于MRI诊断(P<0.05)。胎盘超声评分法、MRI诊断对比,灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阴性预测值均无显著差异(P>0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果表明,三种检查方式的AUC均>65%,联合诊断的AUC最大(81.23%)。结论产前胎盘超声评分法联合MRI对前置胎盘合并胎盘植入具有较高的诊断价值。