Temperature sensor based on polymer thin film optical waveguide

Based on attenuated total reflection （ATR） and thermo-optic effect, the polymeric thin film planar optical waveguide is used as the temperature sensor, and the factors influencing the sensitivity of the temperature sensor are comprehensively analyzed. Combined with theoretical analysis and experimental investigation, the sensitivity of the temperature sensor is related to the thicknesses of the upper cladding layer, the waveguide layer, the optical loss of the polymer material and the guided wave modes. The results show that the slope value about reflectivity and temperature, which stands for the sensitivity of the polymer thin film temperature sensor, is associated with the waveguide film thickness and the guided wave modes, and the slope value is the highest in the zero reflectance of a certain transverse electric （TE） mode. To improve the sensitivity of the temperature sensor, the sensor＇s working incident light exterior angle α should be chosen under a certain TE mode with the reflectivity to be zero. This temperature sensor is characterized by high sensitivity and simple structure and it is easily fabricated.

AN OPTICAL FIBER SENSOR TECHNIQUE BASED ON SLIGHT DISTURBANCE RADIATION LOSS OF STOCHASTIC WALL

This paper presents an optical sensor technique used in the damage evaluation which is formed by structurally integrated fiber optic reticulate sensors embedded in the composite materials. The fibers are processed by chemical method and their outsides are peeled to form particles of irregular distribution and they differ in size, so the slight disturbance range of stochastic wall are formed in fibers. According to the characteristics of power loss of waveguide mode caused by slight disturbance of stochastic wall and radiative mode transmission, the range of slight disturbance of stochastic wall may be served as the sensitive range of the sensor. On the basis of theory of slight disturbance of stochastic wall of planar optical waveguide, the relation between the corrosion time and the opposite power loss by experiments is investigated. In this paper, the measurement results of object of SIFORS are also presented. The results show that the optical sensor technique may be used in the damage evaluation of an aircraft.

Automated visual position detection and adjustment for optical waveguide chips and optical fiber arrays

The alignment coupling between optical waveguide chips and optical fiber arrays is the basis of the alignment coupling of planar optical waveguide devices, and the precise position detection with angle and spacing adjustments is one of the key steps of alignment coupling. A methodology for position detection, and angle and spacing adjustment was proposed for optical waveguide chips and optical fiber arrays based on machine vision. The experimental results show angle detection precision levels higher than 0.05°, line detection precision levels higher than 0.1 μm, and detection time less than 2 s. Therefore, the system developed herein meets the precise requirements necessary for position detection, and angle and spacing adjustments for optical waveguide chips and optical fiber arrays.

Asymptotic Theory of Guided Modes for Cladded Slab Waveguides

Multilayer cladded slab waveguides have been solved by using asymptotic theory once or twice. Based on the solution of a three layer slab waveguide, the wave number of guided modes has been expanded in series of one or two small parameters. One side cladded slab, two side cladded slab and two parallel cladded slab waveguide system are demonstrated to show how to use this essentially analytic method. Numerical examples have also been given and compared with exact solutions, eved the first or second order solutions are highly accurate.

Design,Fabrication,and Testing of Single-Side Alignment of 16×0.8nm Arrayed-Waveguide Grating

A novel design of 100GHz-spaced 16channel arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) based on silica-on-silicon chip is reported.AWG is achieved by adding a Y-branch to the AWG and arranging the input/output channel in a neat row,so the whole configuration can be aligned and packaged using only one fiber-array.This configuration can decrease the device’s size,enlarge the minimum radius of curvature,save time on polishing and alignment,and reduce the chip’s fabrication cost.

Simple Raman scattering sensor integrated with a metallic planar optical waveguide: effective modulation via minor structural adjustment

We report experimental realization of Raman spectra enhancement of copper phthalocyanine, using an on-chip metallic planar waveguide of the sub-millimeter scale. The oscillating ultrahigh order modes excited by the direct coupling method yield high optical intensity at resonance, which is different from the conventional strategy to create localized ＂hot spots.＂ The observed excitation efficiency of the Raman signal is significantly enhanced,owing to the high Q factor of the resonant cavity. Furthermore, effective modulation of the Raman intensity is available by adjusting the polymethyl methacrylate（PMMA） thickness in the guiding layer, i.e., by tuning the light–matter interaction length. A large modulation depth is verified through the fact that 10 times variation in the enhancement factor is observed in the experiment as the PMMA thickness varies from 7 to 23 μm.

Structures of 3-layer planar waveguide where core field can become uniform

Theoretical analysis and numerical results for typical examples are presented for three-layer planar waveguides with nonlinear claddings to find the appropriate structures in which the core electric field can become uniform at appropriate optical power while the cladding fields decay exponentially . It is shown that there are five kinds of such structures. The electric field profiles are plotted for the five typical examples. We notify that the occurrence of uniform field in a waveguide core may perhaps have prospective applications in waveguide, opto-electronic and photonic devices.

Design of the low-loss waveguide coil for interferometric integrated optic gyroscopes

With the development of manufacturing technology,the propagation loss of the planar waveguide is getting lower and lower,and the shot-noise-limited sensitivity of an HOG will be greatly improved.When the propagation loss is getting lower,improper coupling-out waveguide in the waveguide coil may lead to non-ignorable bending loss and crosstalk because of the small radius of curvature and X-junction.In this paper,different couplingout waveguides have been designed.After calculation and optimization by the beam propagation method,we found the proper coupling-out waveguide having relatively low propagation loss,which can improve the sensitivity of the HOG.