Studies on the Isolation of Endophytic Bacteria from Tomato Plants and Their Growth-promoting Activities

[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the growth-promoting activities of endophytic bacteria from tomato plants.[Method]The endophytic bacteria isolated from different tissues of tomato plants were analyzed for the effects of their growth-promoting activities on the germination and growth of tomato plants.The bacteria with growth-promoting activity were preliminarily identified.[Result]Totally 59 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from roots and stems of tomatoes,of which 4 showed significantly growth-promoting activity to germination and growth of tomato.The results suggest that these strains are endowed with the potential capability of growth-promoting.[Conclusion]The endophytic bacteria with growth-promoting activity were found among the isolates from tomato plants.This provided a good foundation for utilization of these bacteria with growth-promoting activity.

Determination of Growth-promoting and Antagonistic Action of Endophytic Bacteria Strains Itb57 and Itb295 of Tobacco

[ Objective ] The paper was to study the growth-promoting and antagonistic action of endophytic bacteria strains Itb57 and Itb295 of tobacco to explore their functions in biological control. [ Method] The growth-promoting effects of bacterial suspension ~ff endophytic bacteria Itb57 and Itb295 on tobacco seedling un- der different treatment modes were studied using potting method in greenhouse. The antagonistic action of bacterial suspension of endophytic bacteria Itb57 and Itb295 on Phytophthora nicotianae, Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea were measured by duel culture method. [ Result] Bacterial suspensions of enduphytic bacteria Itb57 and Itb295 had certain growth-promoting effects on tobacco seedling, which could significantly increase the fresh weight and dry weight in aerial part; the growth-promoting effect of soaking ＋ spraying and irrigating treatment was the best. Itb57 strain had good antagonistic action against P. nicotianae. A. alterna- ta and B. cinerea, while Itb295 strain only had good antifungal effect against P. nicotianae. [ Conclusion] The results provided basis for the study and application of tobacco endophytic bacteria strains Itb57 and Itb295 in biocontrol of tobacco diseases.

Plant growth-promoting properties and anti-fungal activity of endophytic bacterial strains isolated from Thymus altaicus and Salvia deserta in arid lands

Endophytes,as crucial components of plant microbial communities,significantly contribute to enhancing the absorption of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus by their hosts,promote plant growth,and degrade pathogenic fungal mycelia.In this study,an experiment was conducted in August 2022 to explore the growth-promoting potential of endophytic bacterial strains isolated from two medical plant species,Thymus altaicus and Salvia deserta,using a series of screening media.Plant samples of Thymus altaicus and Salvia deserta were collected from Zhaosu County and Habahe County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China,in July 2021.Additionally,the inhibitory effects of endophytic bacterial strains on the four pathogenic fungi(Fusarium oxysporum,Fulvia fulva,Alternaria solani,and Valsa mali)were determined through the plate confrontation method.A total of 80 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from Thymus altaicus,while a total of 60 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from Salvia deserta.The endophytic bacterial strains from both Thymus altaicus and Salvia deserta exhibited plant growth-promoting properties.Specifically,the strains of Bacillus sp.TR002,Bacillus sp.TR005,Microbacterium sp.TSB5,and Rhodococcus sp.TR013 demonstrated strong cellulase-producing activity,siderophore-producing activity,phosphate solubilization activity,and nitrogen-fixing activity,respectively.Out of 140 endophytic bacterial strains isolated from Thymus altaicus and Salvia deserta,104 strains displayed anti-fungal activity against Fulvia fulva,Alternaria solani,Fusarium oxysporum,and Valsa mali.Furthermore,the strains of Bacillus sp.TR005,Bacillus sp.TS003,and Bacillus sp.TSB7 exhibited robust inhibition rates against all the four pathogenic fungi.In conclusion,the endophytic bacterial strains from Thymus altaicus and Salvia deserta possess both plant growth-promoting and anti-fungal properties,making them promising candidates for future development as growth-promoting agents and biocontrol tools for plant diseases.

Nature’s Pharmacy under Siege: Investigating Antibiotic Resistance Pattern in Endophytic Bacteria of Medicinal Plants

Antibiotic resistance poses a significant global health threat, necessitating a thorough understanding of its prevalence in various ecological contexts. Medicinal plants, renowned for their therapeutic properties, host endophytic bacteria that produce bioactive compounds. Understanding antibiotic resistance dynamics in these bacteria is vital for human health and antibiotic efficacy preservation. In this study, we investigated antibiotic resistance profiles in endophytic bacteria from five medicinal plants: Thankuni, Neem, Aparajita, Joba, and Snake plant. We isolated and characterized 113 endophytic bacteria, with varying resistance patterns observed against multiple antibiotics. Notably, 53 strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR), with 14 exhibiting extensive drug resistance (XDR). Thankuni-associated bacteria displayed 44% MDR and 11% XDR, while Neem-associated bacteria showed higher resistance (60% MDR, 13% XDR). Aparajita-associated bacteria had lower resistance (22% MDR, 6% XDR), whereas Joba-associated bacteria exhibited substantial resistance (54% MDR, 14% XDR). Snake plant-associated bacteria showed 7% MDR and 4% XDR. Genus-specific distribution revealed Bacillus (47%), Staphylococcus (21%), and Klebsiella (11%) as major contributors to MDR. Our findings highlight diverse drug resistance patterns among plant-associated bacteria and underscore the complexity of antibiotic resistance dynamics in diverse plant environments. Identification of XDR strains emphasizes the severity of the antibiotic resistance problem, warranting further investigation into contributing factors.

Endophytic bacteria associated with halophyte Seidlitzia rosmarinus Ehrenb.ex Boiss.from saline soil of Uzbekistan and their plant beneficial traits

Endophytic bacteria of halophytic plants play essential roles in salt stress tolerance.Therefore,an understanding of the true nature of plant-microbe interactions under extreme conditions is essential.The current study aimed to identify cultivable endophytic bacteria associated with the roots and shoots of Seidlitzia rosmarinus Ehrenb.ex Boiss.grown in the salt-affected soil in Uzbekistan and to evaluate their plant beneficial traits related to plant growth stimulation and stress tolerance.Bacteria were isolated from the roots and the shoots of S.rosmarinus using culture-dependent techniques and identified by the 16S rRNA gene.RFLP(Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism)analysis was conducted to eliminate similar isolates.Results showed that the isolates from the roots of S.rosmarinus belonged to the genera Rothia,Kocuria,Pseudomonas,Staphylococcus,Paenibacillus and Brevibacterium.The bacterial isolates from the shoots of S.rosmarinus belonged to the genera Staphylococcus,Rothia,Stenotrophomonas,Brevibacterium,Halomonas,Planococcus,Planomicrobium and Pseudomonas,which differed from those of the roots.Notably,Staphylococcus,Rothia and Brevibacterium were detected in both roots and shoots,indicating possible migration of some species from roots to shoots.The root-associated bacteria showed higher levels of IAA(indole-3-acetic acid)synthesis compared with those isolated from the shoots,as well as the higher production of ACC(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate)deaminase.Our findings suggest that halophytic plants are valuable sources for the selection of microbes with a potential to improve plant fitness under saline soils.

Application Progress of Plant Growth-promoting Bacteria in Crops

Plant growth-promoting bacteria(PGPBs)can promote plant growth and improve crop yield.They can induce plant systemic resistance to resist biotic and abiotic stresses.In recent years,with the development of green ecological agriculture,new biological fertilizers such as microbial inocula and microbial fertilizers based on PGPBs have been gradually applied in crop planting.Based on plant growth promotion and disease control,the application progress of PGPBs in crops from the aspects of growth promotion mechanism,growth promotion effect,resistance to biological and abiotic stresses were discussed,aiming to provide reference for the relevant research and application of PGPBs in crops.

Endophytic Bacteria Promote the Growth of Suaeda glauca in Saline-Alkali Stress:Regulation of Osmotic Pressure and Antioxidative Defense System

Endophytic bacteria are promising bacterial fertilizers to improve plant growth under adverse environment.For ecological remediation of coastal wetlands,it was necessary to investigate the effect and interaction of endophytes on halophytes under saline-alkali stress.In this study,an endophytic bacterium strain HK1 isolated from halophytes was selected to infect Suaeda glauca under pH(7 and 8)and salinity gradient(150,300 and 450mmolL^(-1)).Strain HK1 was identified as Pantoea ananatis and it had ability to fix nitrogen,dissolve inorganic phosphorus and produce indole-3-aceticacid(IAA).The results showed that strain HK1 could promote the growth of S.glauca seedings when the salinity was less than 300mmolL^(-1),in view of longer shoot length and heavier fresh weight.The infected plants could produce more proline to decrease the permeability of cells,which content increased by 26.2%–61.1%compared to the non-infected group.Moreover,the oxidative stress of infected plants was relieved with the malondialdehyde(MDA)content decreased by 16.8%–32.9%,and the peroxidase(POD)activity and catalase(CAT)activity increased by 100%–500%and 6.2%–71.4%,respectively.Statistical analysis revealed that increasing proline content and enhancing CAT and POD activities were the main pathways to alleviate saline-alkali stress by strain HK1 infection,and the latter might be more important.This study illustrated that endophytic bacteria could promote the growth of halophytes by regulation of osmotic substances and strengthening antioxidant activities.This finding would be helpful for the bioremediation of coastal soil.

Endophytic bacteria in the periglacial plant Potentilla fruticosa var.albicans are influenced by habitat type

Background Microbial communities in different plant compartments are relatively independent entities.However,the influence of environmental factors on the microbial community in different compartments of periglacial plants remains unclear.In this study,we quantified the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil,as well as root and leaf endosphere compartments of a periglacial plant,Potentilla fruticosa var.albicans,using high-throughput DNA sequencing.Moreover,we evaluated the impacts of habitat types(glacier terminus zone,moraine ridge,and alpine meadow)on the bacterial community in different plant compartments of Potentilla fruticosa var.albicans.Results Our results showed that habitat type had a significant effect on the alpha diversity(Chao1 richness)of endophytic bacteria,but not on the rhizospheric bacteria.The community composition of rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria was significantly different across the three habitats,and habitat type had a greater effect on the endophytic bacteria than on rhizospheric bacteria.The contribution of rhizosphere soil to the root and leaf endophytes decreased with the transformation of habitats from glacier terminus zone to alpine meadow.In contrast,host selection pressure sequentially increased from the glacier terminus zone to the moraine ridge to the alpine meadow.Furthermore,we found that the bacterial co-occurrence network in the alpine meadow was more modular but had lower complexity and connectedness than that in the glacier terminus zone.The bacterial community was governed primarily by stochastic processes regardless of habitat type.Conclusion This study reveals that the diversity and composition of endophytic bacteria associated with Potentilla fruticosa var.albicans are more affected by habitat types than that of rhizospheric bacteria.Our study also demonstrates that the assembly patterns and co-occurrence patterns of bacterial communities associated with Potentilla fruticosa var.albicans vary by habitat type.These results advance the current understanding of community assembly and ecological interactions of microbial communities associated with periglacial plants.

Effect of Inoculation with Three Phytohormone Producers Phytobacteria with ACC Deaminase Activity on Root Length of Lens esculenta Seedlings

Plant-associated bacteria that inhabit the rhizosphere may influence the plant growth by their contribution to the endogenous pool of phytohormones and by the activity of ACC deaminase to decrease the ethylene concentration. The aim of this study was to analyse the root length growth by the promoting effect of indole acetic acid producers phytobacteria with ACC deaminase activity, on inoculated seeds of Lens esculenta as synergistic effect on root elongation. In this study, although the roots of L. esculenta seedlings do not show a significant promotion, these phytobacteria could be recommended to treat plants analyzing their added inoculum to increase plant biomass and retard the effect of ethylene on cultures supplied with Tryptophan and ACC.

宜宾4个品种早茶叶可培养内生细菌的比较分析

为了比较宜宾不同品种早茶叶可培养内生细菌群落结构,以种植面积较广的4个早茶品种为材料,采用传统培养方法,分别从其老叶和嫩叶中分离内生细菌,并经16S rDNA序列分析对其进行鉴定.结果表明,从4个品种早茶叶中共分离到内生细菌336株,归类于18个属23个种.从内生细菌数量和多样性来看,黄芽早>福鼎大白>中茶302>中茶108,且均为嫩叶>老叶.微杆菌属Microbacterium和黄单胞菌属Xanthomonas在4个品种早茶叶中均有分布,且都集中或仅存在于嫩叶,其中Microbacterium为绝对优势菌群.各种早茶老叶和嫩叶还有各自的优势菌属短小杆菌属Curtobacterium等或特异性菌种短小芽胞杆菌B. pumilus、磷酸镰孢菌F. phosphorivorans等.说明不同品种早茶叶内生细菌种类组成有明显的相似性,也存在一定的品种或组织专一性.这些内生细菌及其分布规律可能在较大程度上促成了宜宾早茶的高产优质以及各品种早茶的不同品质特征.

1株植物内生菌解淀粉芽孢杆菌的安全性评价

试验旨在评价1株从杜仲中分离的解淀粉芽孢杆菌的安全性。试验从菌株溶血性、氨基酸脱羧和明胶液化试验、抗菌药物敏感性、腹腔注射、经口灌胃、抑菌活性等进行安全性综合评价。腹腔注射试验分为腹腔注射组(1.0×10^(10)CFU/0.3 mL)和生理盐水组,一次性注射,连续观察5 d。经口灌胃试验分为高剂量组(1.0×10^(10)CFU/0.2 mL)、中剂量组(1.0×10^(9)CFU/0.2 mL)、低剂量组(1.0×10^(8)CFU/0.2 mL)和生理盐水组,每天灌胃1次,连续灌胃28 d。结果显示,腹腔注射和经口灌胃小鼠均健康存活,未见临床变化,试验期间体重正常增加,各组小鼠血常规、血清生化指标和脏器指数差异均不显著(P>0.05),解淀粉芽孢杆菌DZ01未发生易位,氨基酸脱羧和明胶液化试验均为阴性。解淀粉芽孢杆菌DZ01对所测的8种抗菌药物均表现敏感。除粪肠球菌和铜绿假单胞菌外,解淀粉芽孢杆菌DZ01上清液对其余6株指示菌均具有抑菌活性。研究表明,解淀粉芽孢杆菌DZ01具有较好的安全性。

中川208烟草内生细菌微生物群落结构及其多样性

【目的】分析中川208四个器官(根、茎、叶、花)的细菌群落多样性与物种组成,为利用中川208内生细菌资源提供科学依据。【方法】以中川208的根、茎、叶、花为研究对象,采用高通量测序与生物信息学分析方法,解析中川208不同器官内生细菌的群落结构与物种组成,探讨植物养分特征对优势细菌菌群的调控作用。【结果】(1)从中川208四种样品中共获得5460条特征序列(amplicon sequence variants:ASVs),归属于19门、72纲、161目、285科和389属。(2)各样本的细菌群落多样性为根>茎≥花>叶。Beta多样性和聚类分析表明,中川208的根和叶内生细菌群落组成较相似,与花和茎有明显区别。(3)物种组成上,根、茎、叶内以变形菌门和放线菌门相对丰度最高,花中以厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的相对丰度最高。LEfSe分析结果表明,中川208不同器官中的细菌群落构成在属水平上存在显著差异性,特别是细菌属不动杆菌、短波单胞菌、异根瘤菌、芽孢杆菌、金黄杆菌、肠杆菌、另枝菌、毛螺菌、普拉梭菌、瘤胃球菌和Rosenbergiella的相对丰度在茎、叶、花内差异显著。(4)冗余分析表明,烟株总N(R2=0.730, P <0.001)、总糖(R2=0.883, P <0.001)和Mg(R2=0.907, P <0.01)含量与各器官中的优势细菌群落分布密切相关。【结论】中川208内生细菌群落多样性自根依次向花、茎、叶呈递减趋势,且不同器官中的内生细菌群落在物种组成上具有明显差异性。中川208植物器官中存在多种显著富集的细菌菌群,值得进一步研究与开发利用。

薄壳山核桃花粉LTP基因的克隆和功能分析

【目的】比较薄壳山核桃Carya illinoinensis(Wangenh.)K.Koch和浙江山核桃Carya cathayensis Sarg花粉萌发前后蛋白质谱的差异,筛选出可能在山核桃属植物花粉萌发中起重要作用的显著差异蛋白,并分析其生物学特性和基因表达特点。【方法】基于iTRAQ技术比较两者花粉离体萌发前后蛋白质组变化的差异,筛选出显著差异蛋白,据此信息克隆和分析差异最为显著的基因,再利用已经建立的薄壳山核桃离体萌发体系和原核细胞融合蛋白表达系统来初步验证LTP(lipid transfer proteins)在花粉萌发中的功能。【结果】比较2种植物萌发前后的蛋白比值,发现有部分蛋白在2种植物中花粉萌发前后的变化规律是相反的,其中非特异脂蛋白(Non-specific lipid-transfer protein)比值达18.6倍。经过薄壳山核桃LTP同源基因的克隆和表达分析得出2个基因片段,将其命名为LTP1和LTP2,且LTP1的稳定性更好,将LTP1加入花粉萌发体系后发现LTP1对薄壳山核桃花粉萌发率和花粉管长度无显著影响。【结论】通过比较两者花粉萌发前后的蛋白质谱的差异,筛选出可能在山核桃属植物花粉萌发中起重要作用的非特异性脂质转移蛋白LTP,克隆了薄壳山核桃CiLTP1和CiLTP2基因,分析了其生物学特性和基因表达特点,但在花粉离体萌发体系中未发现体外表达的CiLTP1蛋白有影响花粉萌发的功能。研究可为揭示山核桃属植物花粉萌发规律提供重要参考。

Arbuscular mycorrhiza and plant growth promoting endophytes facilitates accumulation of saponin under moderate drought stress

Objective: Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, one of the important medicinal plant resources in Yunnan,China, usually takes 6–8 years to be harvested. Therefore, it is urgent to find a method that can not only shorten its growth years, but also improve its quality. In this study, we examined the effects of a combination treatment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) and plant growth-promoting endophytes(PGPE)and drought stress on the accumulation of saponins in it.Methods: P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis was infected with a mixture of AMF and PGPE under drought stress. The content of saponins, as well as morphological, physiological, and biochemical indicators, were all measured. The UGTs gene related to saponin synthesis was obtained from transcriptome data by homologous comparison, which were used for RT-PCR and phylogenetic analysis.Results: Regardless of water, AMF treatment could infect the roots of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, however double inoculation with AMF and PGPE(AMF + PGPE) would reduce the infection rate of AMF. Plant height, aboveground and underground fresh weight did not differ significantly between the single inoculation AMF and the double inoculation treatment under different water conditions, but the inoculation treatment significantly increased the plant height of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis compared to the noninoculation treatment. Single inoculation with AMF considerably increased the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis leaves under various water conditions, but double inoculation with AMF + PGPE greatly increased the intercellular CO2concentration and chlorophyll fluorescence parameter(Fv/Fm). Under diverse water treatments, single inoculation AMF had the highest proline content, whereas double inoculation AMF + PGPE may greatly improve the amount of abscisic acid(ABA) and indoleacetic acid(IAA) compared to normal water under moderate drought. Double inoculation AMF + PGPE treatment improved the proportion of N, P, and K in the rhizome of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis under various water conditions. Under moderate drought stress,AMF + PGPE significantly enhanced the contents of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis saponins I, II, VII, and total saponins as compared to normal water circumstances. Farnesyl diphosphate synthase(FPPS),Geranyl pyrophosphate synthase(GPPS), Cycloartenol synthase(CAS), and Squalene epoxidase(SE1) were the genes that were significantly up-regulated at the same time. The amount of saponins was favorably linked with the expression of CAS, GPPS, and SE1. Saponin VI content and glycosyl transferase(UGT)010922 gene expression were found to be substantially associated, as was saponin II content and UGT010935 gene expression.Conclusion: Under moderate drought, AMF + PGPE was more conducive to the increase of hormone content, nutrient absorption, and total saponin content in P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, and AMF + PGPE could up regulate the expression of key genes and UGTs genes in one or more steroidal saponin synthesis pathways to varying degrees, thereby stimulating the synthesis and accumulation of steroidal saponins in the rhizome of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. The combination of AMF and PGPE inoculation, as well as adequate soil drought, reduced the buildup of saponins in P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and increased its quality.

红树林植物内生菌分离鉴定及其抑菌活性研究

[目的]从红树林植物组织中分离出对动物病原菌具有广谱抑菌活性的植物内生菌。[方法]以铜绿假单胞菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌、产气肠杆菌、粪肠球菌4种常见的致病菌作为指示菌,采用M10和P3培养基从红树林植物根、茎、叶组织中分离内生菌,以固体琼脂打孔法筛选具有抑菌活性的菌株,提取菌株的基因组DNA,PCR扩增16S rDNA基因并测序,通过邻接法构建系统发育树。[结果]从红树林植物组织中共分离857株可培养的内生菌,有145株菌有抑菌活性,占分离菌株的16.6%。其中通过M10培养基从红树林植物叶组织分离的菌株32-5对铜绿假单胞菌、产气肠杆菌都具有最强抑菌活性,其抑菌圈直径分别为38和42 mm;通过P3培养基从红树林植物茎组织分离的菌株12-4对粪肠球菌具有最强抑菌活性,其抑菌圈直径为56 mm;通过M10培养基从红树林植物茎组织分离的菌株13-2对多杀性巴氏杆菌具有最强抑菌活性,其抑菌圈直径为64 mm。有抑菌活性菌株分为10个属,其中芽孢杆菌属是优势菌属。[结论]该试验初步揭示红树植物根、茎、叶组织中植物内生菌的抑菌活性和多样性,为开发新型抗菌药物及应用提供理论依据。

促进水稻铁素吸收的野生稻内生细菌优良菌株的筛选与鉴定

【目的】为筛选促进水稻高效吸收铁元素的嗜铁内生细菌,探究野生稻中不同种属的内生细菌的产铁载体能力和促进水稻铁素吸收效果。【方法】对前期从4种野生稻(Oryza longistaminata、O.rufipogon、O.officinalis和O.minuta)中分离获得的198株内生细菌进行产铁载体定量测定分析,从128株具有产铁载体能力的内生菌株中筛选获得82株高产铁载体内生菌株;16S rRNA基因序列分析显示82个菌株属于18个种属;结合其产铁载体能力,选择18株产铁载体候选菌株进行促进水稻铁吸收效果鉴定。【结果】不同种属的功能菌株促进铁吸收效果有差异,其中(类)芽孢杆菌属、假单胞菌属和考氏科萨克氏菌属促进铁吸收效果明显,根据促生试验从18株菌株中筛选出了5株最优的高效产铁载体菌株,并进一步验证了其可以部分恢复水稻铁吸收缺陷突变体(osblhl156)的缺铁黄化表型。【结论】明确了植物互作微生物所产的铁载体可以被水稻利用,丰富了水稻铁吸收相关微生物资源,为水稻-微生物互作促进水稻铁吸收提供菌种资源和理论依据。

糯高粱叶中IAA产生菌的分离筛选及其促植物生长作用

糯高粱是白酒酿造的重要原料,其生长过程需要大量的化学肥料,作为环境友好型肥料,微生物菌剂有很广阔的应用前景。为开发对糯高粱生长有促进生长功能的微生物菌剂,该研究以糯高粱叶片为材料,分离筛选具有植物生长激素吲哚乙酸(IAA)产生功能的微生物菌株,基于菌株的16S rDNA保守序列对菌株进行系统发育分析,确定菌株的分类学地位;通过菌悬液浸种处理,分析菌株对糯高粱种子萌发的影响;通过盆栽实验,分析菌株对高粱幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:(1)从糯高粱叶片中分离筛选得到4株具有产IAA功能的微生物菌株,分别编号为HY1-1、HY1-2、HY1-3和HY1-4。其中,IAA单位浓度产生量最高的菌株是HY1-1,为2.56 mol·L^(-1)。(2)运用贝叶斯推断树对菌株16S rDNA进行系统发育分析,结果显示这4株菌都属于枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。(3)HY1-1、HY1-2、HY1-3和HY1-4都能促进糯高粱种子萌发,与对照组相比,经菌悬液浸泡的糯高粱种子发芽率显著提高了40.04%~165.52%,其中促进效果最明显的是HY1-1,种子发芽率提高了165.52%。(4)选取HY1-1菌株做盆栽实验,在糯高粱幼苗根部接种HY1-130 d后,糯高粱幼苗的株高显著增加了29.17%、全磷含量显著增加了5.12%;糯高粱根际基质中速效氮显著增加了31.70%,有效磷显著增加了28.88%。综上认为,糯高粱叶内生菌HY1-1能够通过分泌植物生长激素IAA以及为植物提供营养元素等方式促进糯高粱植株的生长。该研究结果为进一步开发促糯高粱生长菌剂提供了种质资源。

内生细菌对中国特有植物青檀根际土壤肥力变化的影响

为了探究内生菌对中国特有植物青檀根际土壤肥力变化的影响,选取桂西北常见乡土树种青檀以及石山造林先锋树种任豆为研究对象,采集自然植被样地青檀和人工林对照样地任豆的非根际土壤样品、根际土壤样品和根系样品为试验材料,利用常规的土壤理化分析、细菌培养及16SrRNA测序技术相结合的研究方法,依次分析研究树种非根际土壤细菌、根际土壤细菌及根内生细菌的群落结构特征,并在门和属两个不同水平,对根内生细菌与土壤理化因子的相关性进行分析,进一步说明内生细菌对青檀根际土壤肥力变化的影响。结果表明:(1)不同植被调查样地细菌种群数量具有明显差异,无论是非根际土壤细菌、根际土壤细菌,还是根内生细菌,任豆人工林对照样地明显高于青檀自然植被样地;(2)根内生细菌与根际土壤细菌及非根际土壤细菌彼此联系,相互作用,既有一定数量的共有种,又有各自的特有种,而且特有种的数量明显大于共有种;(3)在不同植被调查样地,菌群数量大小排序为:根际土壤细菌>非根际土壤细菌>根系内生菌;(4)青檀自然植被样地和任豆人工林对照样地,土壤细菌和根内生细菌的优势菌门组成相似,但相对丰度不同,其共有种的优势菌群均为芽孢杆菌属,该属的大部分细菌能在一定程度上改善植物的生长环境,增强植物的抗逆性和抗病能力。因此,青檀的根内生细菌与任豆及其他植物的根内生细菌一样,可以在一定程度上提高根际土壤肥力。

具有抑菌促生作用的植物内生细菌的筛选

从 16 8株分离自茄科作物体内的对黄瓜枯萎病菌或番茄青枯病菌有拮抗作用的细菌中 ,筛选出 19株对辣椒疫病菌有较好拮抗作用的菌株 ,其中 2号、13号、2 0号、TL6、TMS2、TB2和QEL17个菌株对以上 3种病原菌都有一定的拮抗作用 .从拮抗辣椒疫病菌的菌株中筛选出 2 0号、2 2号、TL6、TB1、TB2和EPL8共 6株对番茄有较好促生作用 ,对辣椒采后果实疫病有一定控制效果 ,且能进入番茄和辣椒体内的菌株 .试验结果表明 ,防病作用最佳的TB2菌株菌液喷雾处理后接种病菌 ,4～ 10d防治辣椒采后果实疫病的效果达 5 5 .5 6 %～ 10 0 % ;促生作用最佳的TB1菌株可使番茄苗鲜重增长 10 5 .84 % ,干重增长 6 6 .2 5 % .经鉴定 ,6株有抑菌、促生的内生细菌均为芽孢杆菌 (Bacillussp.) ,其中EPL8和 2 2号菌株鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌 (B .subtilis) .表 5参

植物内生细菌及其生物防治植物病害的研究进展

综述了植物内生细菌及其生物防治植物病害的研究进展。植物内生细菌分布广,种类多,存在于大多数高等植物中,已在生物防治细菌性病害、真菌性病害和线虫病害方面发挥了巨大的作用。植物内生细菌的防病机理主要通过与病原菌竞争生态位和营养物质、产生抗菌活性物质以及诱导植物产生系统抗性等多种作用方式。同时,对植物内生细菌防治植物病害存在的问题及未来发展前景进行了讨论。