Dear Editor, Common wheat （Triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD） is one of the most widely cultivated cereal crops, providing -20% of the calories consumed by humans （Fu et al., 2009）. However, wheat production...Dear Editor, Common wheat （Triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD） is one of the most widely cultivated cereal crops, providing -20% of the calories consumed by humans （Fu et al., 2009）. However, wheat production is constantly challenged by powdery mildew disease, which occurs globally and is caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumena graminis f. sp. tritici （Bgt）. Utilization of powdery mildew resistance （Pm） genes is the most effective and economical way to control powdery mildew disease.展开更多
Dear Editor Wheat powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici （Bgt）, is a destructive disease of wheat throughout the world. One of the most important environmental-friendly and economical methods to ...Dear Editor Wheat powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici （Bgt）, is a destructive disease of wheat throughout the world. One of the most important environmental-friendly and economical methods to reduce wheat loss caused by Bgt is to develop highly resistant varieties （Kuraparthy et al., 2007）. Pm21 from the wild species Haynaldia villosa （also known as Dasypyrum villosum） confers high resistance to Bgt in wheat throughout all growth stages. It has now become one of the most highly effective genetic loci introgressed into wheat from wild species, and the commercial varieties harboring Pm21 have been widely used in wheat production with more than 4 million hectares in China.展开更多
Wheat powdery mildew,caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici(Bgt),is a devastating disease that threatens wheat production worldwide.Pm12,which originated from Aegilops speltoides,a wild relative of wheat,confers str...Wheat powdery mildew,caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici(Bgt),is a devastating disease that threatens wheat production worldwide.Pm12,which originated from Aegilops speltoides,a wild relative of wheat,confers strong resistance to powdery mildew and therefore has potential use in wheat breeding.Using susceptible mutants induced by gamma irradiation,we physically mapped and isolated Pm12 and showed it to be orthologous to Pm21 from Dasypyrum villosum,also a wild relative of wheat.The resistance function of Pm12 was validated via ethyl methanesulfonatemutagenesis,virus-induced gene silencing,and stable genetic transformation.Evolutionary analysis indicates that the Pm12/Pm21 loci in wheat species are relatively conserved but dynamic.Here,we demonstrated that the two orthologous genes,Pm12 and Pm21,possess differential resistance against the same set of Bgt isolates.Overexpression of the coiledcoil domains of both PM12 and PM21 induces cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves.However,their full-length forms display different cell death-inducing activities caused by their distinct intramolecular interactions.Cloning of Pm12 will facilitate its application in wheat breeding programs.This study also gives new insight into two orthologous resistance genes,Pm12 and Pm21,which show different race specificities and intramolecular interaction patterns.展开更多
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （31471497）, the Innovation Foundation of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences （ZX（17）2011）, the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province （BK20130503 and BK20151319）, and the Foundation of Jiangsu University （13JDG103）.
文摘Dear Editor, Common wheat （Triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD） is one of the most widely cultivated cereal crops, providing -20% of the calories consumed by humans （Fu et al., 2009）. However, wheat production is constantly challenged by powdery mildew disease, which occurs globally and is caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumena graminis f. sp. tritici （Bgt）. Utilization of powdery mildew resistance （Pm） genes is the most effective and economical way to control powdery mildew disease.
基金This work was supported by the Important National Science and Technology Specific Projects of Transgenic Research （Grant No. 2018ZX0800963B）, the Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 31671685, 31771779）, the Fundamental Research Funds for the National Central Universities （Grant No. KYZ201601）, the Czech Science Foundation （Grant No. P501/12/G090）, and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic （Grant No. LO1204 from the National Program of Sustainability I）.
文摘Dear Editor Wheat powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici （Bgt）, is a destructive disease of wheat throughout the world. One of the most important environmental-friendly and economical methods to reduce wheat loss caused by Bgt is to develop highly resistant varieties （Kuraparthy et al., 2007）. Pm21 from the wild species Haynaldia villosa （also known as Dasypyrum villosum） confers high resistance to Bgt in wheat throughout all growth stages. It has now become one of the most highly effective genetic loci introgressed into wheat from wild species, and the commercial varieties harboring Pm21 have been widely used in wheat production with more than 4 million hectares in China.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171990,32072053,31971874,31872009,and U1604116)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhenjiang(NY2021001)+3 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering(PCCE-KF-2021-05,PCCE-KF-2022-07)the State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology in Shandong Agricultural University(2021KF01)the Taishan Scholars Project(tsqn201812123)the Key Research and Development Program of Yantai(2019YT06000470).
文摘Wheat powdery mildew,caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici(Bgt),is a devastating disease that threatens wheat production worldwide.Pm12,which originated from Aegilops speltoides,a wild relative of wheat,confers strong resistance to powdery mildew and therefore has potential use in wheat breeding.Using susceptible mutants induced by gamma irradiation,we physically mapped and isolated Pm12 and showed it to be orthologous to Pm21 from Dasypyrum villosum,also a wild relative of wheat.The resistance function of Pm12 was validated via ethyl methanesulfonatemutagenesis,virus-induced gene silencing,and stable genetic transformation.Evolutionary analysis indicates that the Pm12/Pm21 loci in wheat species are relatively conserved but dynamic.Here,we demonstrated that the two orthologous genes,Pm12 and Pm21,possess differential resistance against the same set of Bgt isolates.Overexpression of the coiledcoil domains of both PM12 and PM21 induces cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves.However,their full-length forms display different cell death-inducing activities caused by their distinct intramolecular interactions.Cloning of Pm12 will facilitate its application in wheat breeding programs.This study also gives new insight into two orthologous resistance genes,Pm12 and Pm21,which show different race specificities and intramolecular interaction patterns.
