普惠型商业医疗保险特定高额药品保障研究

目的研究我国普惠型商业医疗保险目前特定高额药品(以下简称“特药”)保障的范围及水平,为进一步完善普惠型商业医疗保险的保障水平提供参考。方法通过官方公众号、投保小程序收集2022年普惠型商业医疗保险的保障政策,采用政策文本分析法提取和分析参保条件、筹资标准、特药的类别及保障水平等内容。结果2022年普惠型商业医疗保险所包含特药数量的均数为28种,以肿瘤药为主。54.62%的商业医疗保险方案特药起付线设定为0,报销比例的均数为74%、中位数为80%。70.54%的商业医疗保险方案封顶线在100万元及以下。58.04%的商业医疗保险方案保障既往症人群的特药费用,但保障水平在不同程度上有所降低。结论我国普惠型商业医疗保险的特药保障有助于减轻患者的经济负担,满足患者多元化用药需求,但对既往症人群的保障水平较为有限。建议进一步优化特药保障责任,明确特药目录的遴选规则。

Climate bonds toward achieving net zero emissions and carbon neutrality:Evidence from machine learning technique

The Conference of the Parties(COP26 and 27)placed significant emphasis on climate financing policies with the objective of achieving net zero emissions and carbon neutrality.However,studies on the implementation of this policy proposition are limited.To address this gap in the literature,this study employs machine learning techniques,specifically natural language processing(NLP),to examine 77 climate bond(CB)policies from 32 countries within the context of climate financing.The findings indicate that“sustainability”and“carbon emissions control”are the most outlined policy objectives in these CB policies.Additionally,the study highlights that most CB funds are invested toward energy projects(i.e.,renewable,clean,and efficient initiatives).However,there has been a notable shift in the allocation of CB funds from climate-friendly energy projects to the construction sector between 2015 and 2019.This shift raises concerns about the potential redirection of funds from climate-focused investments to the real estate industry,potentially leading to the greenwashing of climate funds.Furthermore,policy sentiment analysis revealed that a minority of policies hold skeptical views on climate change,which may negatively influence climate actions.Thus,the findings highlight that the effective implementation of CB policies depends on policy goals,objectives,and sentiments.Finally,this study contributes to the literature by employing NLP techniques to understand policy sentiments in climate financing.

Research on the evolutionary characteristics of evaluation policies of Chinese science and technology talents

Science and technology talent evaluation is an important part of the talent development system and mechanism,and the state's emphasis on science and technology talent evaluation is reflect-ed in the national policy.This paper takes 49 policy documents on science and technology tal-ent evaluation issued by the state from 1978 to 2022 as the object,and uses policy text analysis,word frequency analysis and co-word network analysis to interpret the content of the policies.These policy texts are divided into four stages.200 high-frequency words were extracted from the policies in each stage after word segmentation was made,and the co-word matrixes and co-word networks were constructed for each stage.The research draws the following conclu-sions:1)The content of Chinese science and technology talent evaluation policies is gradually becoming concrete,and the concept of science and technology talent evaluation is gradually clear;2)The policies have transitioned from"scientific and technological development"to"sci-entific and technological innovation";3)The distribution of policies with different strengths is uneven;4)The cooperation between all departments involved in policy formulation is not e-nough.