Objective To clarify the polo-like kinasel (PLKI) expression in human gastric cancer tissue and its clinicopathological significance in gastric carcinoma. Methods PLKl expression in 60 cancer tissues and their corresp...Objective To clarify the polo-like kinasel (PLKI) expression in human gastric cancer tissue and its clinicopathological significance in gastric carcinoma. Methods PLKl expression in 60 cancer tissues and their corresponding noncancerous tissues from gastric cancer patients was measured by both real-time quantitative RT-PCR and western blot assay. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect PLKI protein expression in eighty-nine paraffin-embedded samples. Results The PLKI mRNA and protein expression level in the 60 fresh cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in noncancerous tissues (P <0. 0001, P =0. 031 respectively). In paraffin-embedded samples, apart from its increased expression level, PLKI was found to be in both cytoplasm and nucleus, double-site location only occurred in poor-differentiated cancer, PLKI expression intensity was associated with tumor differentiation (P = 0. 03) , invasion (P = 0. 032) , TNM stage (P=0.019), ki67 expression (P =0.011). The patients with negative PLKl expression had better survival rate than that with positive PLKl expression (P = 0. 0292). Conclusion PLKl may have clinicopathological value in tumor diagnosis, and may become another new bio-marker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer.展开更多
In this paper,the biological function of PLK-1,the correlation between PLK-1 and tumors,and the latest research progress on PLK-1 inhibitors under study are reviewed,in order to provide references for the research and...In this paper,the biological function of PLK-1,the correlation between PLK-1 and tumors,and the latest research progress on PLK-1 inhibitors under study are reviewed,in order to provide references for the research and development of PLK-1 inhibitors.展开更多
Invasive breast carcinoma(BRCA)is associated with poor prognosis and high risk of mortality.Therefore,it is critical to identify novel biomarkers for the prognostic assessment of BRCA.Methods:The expression data of po...Invasive breast carcinoma(BRCA)is associated with poor prognosis and high risk of mortality.Therefore,it is critical to identify novel biomarkers for the prognostic assessment of BRCA.Methods:The expression data of polo-like kinase 1(PLK1)in BRCA and the corresponding clinical information were extracted from TCGA and GEO databases.PLK1 expression was validated in diverse breast cancer cell lines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and western blotting.Single sample gene set enrichment analysis(ssGSEA)was performed to evaluate immune infiltration in the BRCA microenvironment,and the random forest(RF)and support vector machine(SVM)algorithms were used to screen for the hub infiltrating cells and calculate the immunophenoscore(IPS).The RF algorithm and COX regression model were applied to calculate survival risk scores based on the PLK1 expression and immune cell infiltration.Finally,a prognostic nomogram was constructed with the risk score and pathological stage,and its clinical potential was evaluated by plotting calibration charts and DCA curves.The application of the nomogram was further validated in an immunotherapy cohort.Results:PLK1 expression was significantly higher in the tumor samples in TCGA-BRCA cohort.Furthermore,PLK1 expression level,age and stage were identified as independent prognostic factors of BRCA.While the IPS was unaffected by PLK1 expression,the TMB and MATH scores were higher in the PLK1-high group,and the TIDE scores were higher for the PLK1-low patients.We also identified 6 immune cell types with high infiltration,along with 11 immune cell types with low infiltration in the PLK1-high tumors.A risk score was devised using PLK1 expression and hub immune cells,which predicted the prognosis of BRCA patients.In addition,a nomogram was constructed based on the risk score and pathological staging,and showed good predictive performance.Conclusions:PLK1 expression and immune cell infiltration can predict post-immunotherapy prognosis of BRCA patients.展开更多
In order to investigate the effect of Polo-like kinase-1 （Plk1） depletion on cell cycle progression and cell growth in lung cancer cells, a recombinant plasmid containing antisense RNA targeting Plk1 （pcDNA3-Plk1）...In order to investigate the effect of Polo-like kinase-1 （Plk1） depletion on cell cycle progression and cell growth in lung cancer cells, a recombinant plasmid containing antisense RNA targeting Plk1 （pcDNA3-Plk1） was transfected into A549 cells by lipofectine. RT-PCR and Western-blot were used to detect the Plk1 gene expression. Cell proliferation was evaluated by direct cell counting and bromodeoxyuridine （BrdU） labeling. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry, and the inhibition rate （IR） by vinorebline （NVB） was determined by MTF assay. The results showed that after transfection of pcDNA3-Plk1 into A549 cells, the expression levels of Plk1 mRNA and protein were greatly decreased. In pcDNA3-Plk1 transfected groups, abnormal morphological changes of cells and growth inhibition were observed, and the BrdU labeling index was significantly lower than in the control groups （P〈0.05）. Cells in pcDNA3-Plk1 transfected groups were arresed in G2/M phase and apoptosis was detectable 72 h post transfection. IR induced by vinorebline in pcDNA3-Plk1 transfected groups was significantly higher than in other groups. These data suggested that antisense RNA targeting Plk1 could suppress the Plk1 expression, and therefore, significantly inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, it sensitized lung cancer cells to chemotherapy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),often diagnosed at advanced stages without curative therapies,is the fifth most common malignant cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality.Polo-like kinas...BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),often diagnosed at advanced stages without curative therapies,is the fifth most common malignant cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality.Polo-like kinase 1(PLK1)is activated in the late G2 phase of the cell cycle and is required for entry to mitosis.Interestingly,PLK1 is overexpressed in many HCC patients and is highly associated with poor clinical outcome.Baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeatcontaining 5(BIRC5)is also highly overexpressed in HCC and plays key roles in this malignancy.AIM To determine the expression patterns of PLK1 and BIRC5,as well as their correlation with p53 mutation status and patient clinical outcome.METHODS The expression patterns of PLK1 and BIRC5,and their correlation with p53 mutation status or patient clinical outcome were analyzed using a TCGA HCC dataset.Cell viability,cell apoptosis,and cell cycle arrest assays were conducted to investigate the efficacy of the PLK1 inhibitors volasertib and GSK461364 and the BIRC5 inhibitor YM155,alone or in combination.The in vivo efficacy of volasertib and YM155,alone or in combination,was assessed in p53-mutated Huh7-derived xenograft models in immune-deficient NSIG mice.RESULTS Our bioinformatics analysis using a TCGA HCC dataset revealed that PLK1 and BIRC5 were overexpressed in the same patient subset and their expression was highly correlated.The overexpression of both PLK1 and BIRC5 was more frequently detected in HCC with p53 mutations.High PLK1 or BIRC5 expression significantly correlated with poor clinical outcome.PLK1 inhibitors(volasertib and GSK461364)or a BIRC5 inhibitor(YM155)selectively targeted Huh7 cells with mutated p53,but not HepG2 cells with wild-type p53.The combination treatment of volasertib and YM155 synergistically inhibited the viability of Huh7 cells via apoptotic pathway.The efficacy of volasertib and YM155,alone or in combination,was validated in vivo in a Huh7-derived xenograft model.CONCLUSION PLK1 and BIRC5 are highly co-expressed in p53-mutated HCC and inhibition of both PLK1 and BIRC5 synergistically compromises the viability of p53-mutated HCC cells in vitro and in vivo.展开更多
Human polo-like kinases （PLK1-PLK4） have been implicated in mitotic regulation and carcinogenesis. PLK1 phosphorylates early mitotic inhibitor 1 （Emil） to ensure mitosis entry, whereas Emi2 plays a key role during...Human polo-like kinases （PLK1-PLK4） have been implicated in mitotic regulation and carcinogenesis. PLK1 phosphorylates early mitotic inhibitor 1 （Emil） to ensure mitosis entry, whereas Emi2 plays a key role during the meiotic cell cycle. Transcription factor E2F is primarily considered to regulate the G1/S transition of the cell cycle but its involvement in the regulation of mitosis has also been recently suggested. A gap still exists between the molecular basis of E2F and mitotic regulation. The present study was designed to characterize the transcriptional regulation of human PLK and Emi genes. Adenoviral overexpression of E2F1 increased PLK1 and PLK3 mRNA levels in A549 cells. A reporter gene assay revealed that the putative promoter regions of PLK1, PLK3, and PLK4 genes were responsive to activators E2F, E2F1-E2F3. We further characterized the putative promoter regions of Emil and Emi2 genes, and these could be regulated by activators E2F and E2F1-E2F4, respectively. Finally, PLK1-PLK4, Emil, and Emi2 mRNA expression levels in human adult, fetal tissues, and several cell lines indicated that each gene has a unique expression pattern but is uniquely expressed in common tissues and cells such as the testes and thymus. Collectively, these results indicate that E2F can integrate G1/S and G2/M to oscillate the cell cycle by regulating mitotic genes PLK and Emi, leading to determination of the cell fate.展开更多
Objective To clarify the polo-like kinase1 (PLK1) expression in human gastric cancer tissue and its clinicopathological sig-nificance in gastric carcinoma. Methods PLK1 expression in 60 cancer tissues and their corres...Objective To clarify the polo-like kinase1 (PLK1) expression in human gastric cancer tissue and its clinicopathological sig-nificance in gastric carcinoma. Methods PLK1 expression in 60 cancer tissues and their corresponding noncancerous tissues from gas-tric cancer patients was measured by both real-time quantitative RT-PCR and western blot assay. Immunohistochemistry was used to detectPLK1 protein expression in eighty-nine paraffin-embedded samples. Results The PLK1 mRNA and protein expression level in the 60fresh cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in noncancerous tissues (P<0.0001,P=0.031 respectively). In paraffin-embed-ded samples, apart from its increased expression level, PLK1 was found to be in both cytoplasm and nucleus, double-site location onlyoccurred in poor-differentiated cancer, PLK1 expression intensity was associated with tumor differentiation (P=0.03), invasion(P=0.032), TNM stage (P=0.019), ki67 expression (P=0.011). The patients with negative PLK1 expression had better survivalrate than that with positive PLK1 expression (P=0.0292). Conclusion PLK1 may have clinicopathological value in tumor diagnosis,and may become another new bio-marker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer.展开更多
目的探讨血清外泌体源性环状RNA Tousled样激酶1(circTLK1)与老年急性脑梗死病情严重程度及预后的关系。方法选取2021年10月至2022年11月恩施土家族苗族自治州中心医院脑病科收治的老年急性脑梗死患者128例(急性脑梗死组),采用美国国立...目的探讨血清外泌体源性环状RNA Tousled样激酶1(circTLK1)与老年急性脑梗死病情严重程度及预后的关系。方法选取2021年10月至2022年11月恩施土家族苗族自治州中心医院脑病科收治的老年急性脑梗死患者128例(急性脑梗死组),采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分评估病情严重程度。急性脑梗死组90 d时又根据改良的Rankin量表(mRS)评分分为预后不良组46例和预后良好组82例。另选取健康体检者80例(对照组)。RT-PCR检测血清外泌体源性circTLK1表达。出院后对老年急性脑梗死患者进行随访,90 d时用mRS评分对预后进行评价。结果急性脑梗死组血清外泌体源性circTLK1表达明显高于对照组(1.86±0.46 vs 0.87±0.12,P<0.05)。轻度、中度和重度急性脑梗死患者血清外泌体源性circTLK1表达逐渐升高(1.34±0.28 vs 1.78±0.19 vs 2.35±0.33,P<0.05)。预后不良组入院时NIHSS评分和circTLK1表达明显高于预后良好组[(13.21±3.24)分vs(9.55±2.16)分,P=0.001;2.15±0.77 vs 1.47±0.58,P=0.001]。多因素logistic回归分析显示,入院时NIHSS评分和circTLK1表达是老年急性脑梗死患者不良预后的独立影响因素(OR=4.123,95%CI:1.109~12.520,P=0.001;OR=2.734,95%CI:1.067~6.135,P=0.001)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清外泌体源性circTLK1表达预测急性脑梗死患者预后的曲线下面积为0.831,敏感性和特异性分别为96.19%、85.20%。结论老年急性脑梗死患者血清外泌体源性circTLK1表达升高,其表达越高,病情可能越重,且预后不良。展开更多
文摘Objective To clarify the polo-like kinasel (PLKI) expression in human gastric cancer tissue and its clinicopathological significance in gastric carcinoma. Methods PLKl expression in 60 cancer tissues and their corresponding noncancerous tissues from gastric cancer patients was measured by both real-time quantitative RT-PCR and western blot assay. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect PLKI protein expression in eighty-nine paraffin-embedded samples. Results The PLKI mRNA and protein expression level in the 60 fresh cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in noncancerous tissues (P <0. 0001, P =0. 031 respectively). In paraffin-embedded samples, apart from its increased expression level, PLKI was found to be in both cytoplasm and nucleus, double-site location only occurred in poor-differentiated cancer, PLKI expression intensity was associated with tumor differentiation (P = 0. 03) , invasion (P = 0. 032) , TNM stage (P=0.019), ki67 expression (P =0.011). The patients with negative PLKl expression had better survival rate than that with positive PLKl expression (P = 0. 0292). Conclusion PLKl may have clinicopathological value in tumor diagnosis, and may become another new bio-marker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
文摘In this paper,the biological function of PLK-1,the correlation between PLK-1 and tumors,and the latest research progress on PLK-1 inhibitors under study are reviewed,in order to provide references for the research and development of PLK-1 inhibitors.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Higher Education Institutions of Auhui Province(Grant No.KJ2021A0352)the Research Fund Project of Anhui Medical University(Grant No.2020xkj236)Applied Medicine Research Project of Hefei Health Commission(Grant No.HWKJ2019-172-14).
文摘Invasive breast carcinoma(BRCA)is associated with poor prognosis and high risk of mortality.Therefore,it is critical to identify novel biomarkers for the prognostic assessment of BRCA.Methods:The expression data of polo-like kinase 1(PLK1)in BRCA and the corresponding clinical information were extracted from TCGA and GEO databases.PLK1 expression was validated in diverse breast cancer cell lines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and western blotting.Single sample gene set enrichment analysis(ssGSEA)was performed to evaluate immune infiltration in the BRCA microenvironment,and the random forest(RF)and support vector machine(SVM)algorithms were used to screen for the hub infiltrating cells and calculate the immunophenoscore(IPS).The RF algorithm and COX regression model were applied to calculate survival risk scores based on the PLK1 expression and immune cell infiltration.Finally,a prognostic nomogram was constructed with the risk score and pathological stage,and its clinical potential was evaluated by plotting calibration charts and DCA curves.The application of the nomogram was further validated in an immunotherapy cohort.Results:PLK1 expression was significantly higher in the tumor samples in TCGA-BRCA cohort.Furthermore,PLK1 expression level,age and stage were identified as independent prognostic factors of BRCA.While the IPS was unaffected by PLK1 expression,the TMB and MATH scores were higher in the PLK1-high group,and the TIDE scores were higher for the PLK1-low patients.We also identified 6 immune cell types with high infiltration,along with 11 immune cell types with low infiltration in the PLK1-high tumors.A risk score was devised using PLK1 expression and hub immune cells,which predicted the prognosis of BRCA patients.In addition,a nomogram was constructed based on the risk score and pathological staging,and showed good predictive performance.Conclusions:PLK1 expression and immune cell infiltration can predict post-immunotherapy prognosis of BRCA patients.
文摘In order to investigate the effect of Polo-like kinase-1 （Plk1） depletion on cell cycle progression and cell growth in lung cancer cells, a recombinant plasmid containing antisense RNA targeting Plk1 （pcDNA3-Plk1） was transfected into A549 cells by lipofectine. RT-PCR and Western-blot were used to detect the Plk1 gene expression. Cell proliferation was evaluated by direct cell counting and bromodeoxyuridine （BrdU） labeling. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry, and the inhibition rate （IR） by vinorebline （NVB） was determined by MTF assay. The results showed that after transfection of pcDNA3-Plk1 into A549 cells, the expression levels of Plk1 mRNA and protein were greatly decreased. In pcDNA3-Plk1 transfected groups, abnormal morphological changes of cells and growth inhibition were observed, and the BrdU labeling index was significantly lower than in the control groups （P〈0.05）. Cells in pcDNA3-Plk1 transfected groups were arresed in G2/M phase and apoptosis was detectable 72 h post transfection. IR induced by vinorebline in pcDNA3-Plk1 transfected groups was significantly higher than in other groups. These data suggested that antisense RNA targeting Plk1 could suppress the Plk1 expression, and therefore, significantly inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, it sensitized lung cancer cells to chemotherapy.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Major Project,No.2018ZX10732-202-004Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Project,No.17JCYBJC26100 and No.19ZXDBSY00030.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),often diagnosed at advanced stages without curative therapies,is the fifth most common malignant cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality.Polo-like kinase 1(PLK1)is activated in the late G2 phase of the cell cycle and is required for entry to mitosis.Interestingly,PLK1 is overexpressed in many HCC patients and is highly associated with poor clinical outcome.Baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeatcontaining 5(BIRC5)is also highly overexpressed in HCC and plays key roles in this malignancy.AIM To determine the expression patterns of PLK1 and BIRC5,as well as their correlation with p53 mutation status and patient clinical outcome.METHODS The expression patterns of PLK1 and BIRC5,and their correlation with p53 mutation status or patient clinical outcome were analyzed using a TCGA HCC dataset.Cell viability,cell apoptosis,and cell cycle arrest assays were conducted to investigate the efficacy of the PLK1 inhibitors volasertib and GSK461364 and the BIRC5 inhibitor YM155,alone or in combination.The in vivo efficacy of volasertib and YM155,alone or in combination,was assessed in p53-mutated Huh7-derived xenograft models in immune-deficient NSIG mice.RESULTS Our bioinformatics analysis using a TCGA HCC dataset revealed that PLK1 and BIRC5 were overexpressed in the same patient subset and their expression was highly correlated.The overexpression of both PLK1 and BIRC5 was more frequently detected in HCC with p53 mutations.High PLK1 or BIRC5 expression significantly correlated with poor clinical outcome.PLK1 inhibitors(volasertib and GSK461364)or a BIRC5 inhibitor(YM155)selectively targeted Huh7 cells with mutated p53,but not HepG2 cells with wild-type p53.The combination treatment of volasertib and YM155 synergistically inhibited the viability of Huh7 cells via apoptotic pathway.The efficacy of volasertib and YM155,alone or in combination,was validated in vivo in a Huh7-derived xenograft model.CONCLUSION PLK1 and BIRC5 are highly co-expressed in p53-mutated HCC and inhibition of both PLK1 and BIRC5 synergistically compromises the viability of p53-mutated HCC cells in vitro and in vivo.
文摘Human polo-like kinases （PLK1-PLK4） have been implicated in mitotic regulation and carcinogenesis. PLK1 phosphorylates early mitotic inhibitor 1 （Emil） to ensure mitosis entry, whereas Emi2 plays a key role during the meiotic cell cycle. Transcription factor E2F is primarily considered to regulate the G1/S transition of the cell cycle but its involvement in the regulation of mitosis has also been recently suggested. A gap still exists between the molecular basis of E2F and mitotic regulation. The present study was designed to characterize the transcriptional regulation of human PLK and Emi genes. Adenoviral overexpression of E2F1 increased PLK1 and PLK3 mRNA levels in A549 cells. A reporter gene assay revealed that the putative promoter regions of PLK1, PLK3, and PLK4 genes were responsive to activators E2F, E2F1-E2F3. We further characterized the putative promoter regions of Emil and Emi2 genes, and these could be regulated by activators E2F and E2F1-E2F4, respectively. Finally, PLK1-PLK4, Emil, and Emi2 mRNA expression levels in human adult, fetal tissues, and several cell lines indicated that each gene has a unique expression pattern but is uniquely expressed in common tissues and cells such as the testes and thymus. Collectively, these results indicate that E2F can integrate G1/S and G2/M to oscillate the cell cycle by regulating mitotic genes PLK and Emi, leading to determination of the cell fate.
文摘Objective To clarify the polo-like kinase1 (PLK1) expression in human gastric cancer tissue and its clinicopathological sig-nificance in gastric carcinoma. Methods PLK1 expression in 60 cancer tissues and their corresponding noncancerous tissues from gas-tric cancer patients was measured by both real-time quantitative RT-PCR and western blot assay. Immunohistochemistry was used to detectPLK1 protein expression in eighty-nine paraffin-embedded samples. Results The PLK1 mRNA and protein expression level in the 60fresh cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in noncancerous tissues (P<0.0001,P=0.031 respectively). In paraffin-embed-ded samples, apart from its increased expression level, PLK1 was found to be in both cytoplasm and nucleus, double-site location onlyoccurred in poor-differentiated cancer, PLK1 expression intensity was associated with tumor differentiation (P=0.03), invasion(P=0.032), TNM stage (P=0.019), ki67 expression (P=0.011). The patients with negative PLK1 expression had better survivalrate than that with positive PLK1 expression (P=0.0292). Conclusion PLK1 may have clinicopathological value in tumor diagnosis,and may become another new bio-marker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
文摘目的探讨血清外泌体源性环状RNA Tousled样激酶1(circTLK1)与老年急性脑梗死病情严重程度及预后的关系。方法选取2021年10月至2022年11月恩施土家族苗族自治州中心医院脑病科收治的老年急性脑梗死患者128例(急性脑梗死组),采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分评估病情严重程度。急性脑梗死组90 d时又根据改良的Rankin量表(mRS)评分分为预后不良组46例和预后良好组82例。另选取健康体检者80例(对照组)。RT-PCR检测血清外泌体源性circTLK1表达。出院后对老年急性脑梗死患者进行随访,90 d时用mRS评分对预后进行评价。结果急性脑梗死组血清外泌体源性circTLK1表达明显高于对照组(1.86±0.46 vs 0.87±0.12,P<0.05)。轻度、中度和重度急性脑梗死患者血清外泌体源性circTLK1表达逐渐升高(1.34±0.28 vs 1.78±0.19 vs 2.35±0.33,P<0.05)。预后不良组入院时NIHSS评分和circTLK1表达明显高于预后良好组[(13.21±3.24)分vs(9.55±2.16)分,P=0.001;2.15±0.77 vs 1.47±0.58,P=0.001]。多因素logistic回归分析显示,入院时NIHSS评分和circTLK1表达是老年急性脑梗死患者不良预后的独立影响因素(OR=4.123,95%CI:1.109~12.520,P=0.001;OR=2.734,95%CI:1.067~6.135,P=0.001)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清外泌体源性circTLK1表达预测急性脑梗死患者预后的曲线下面积为0.831,敏感性和特异性分别为96.19%、85.20%。结论老年急性脑梗死患者血清外泌体源性circTLK1表达升高,其表达越高,病情可能越重,且预后不良。
