Improvement of Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophorus in Phytophthora infeatans SSR Marker

[Objective] The paper was to improve polyacrylamide gel electrophorus in Phytophthora infeatans SSR Marker.[Method] With the disease sample of P.infeatans collected from Guyuan in Ningxia Province in 2009 as test material,its DNA was extracted and amplified with PCR,and its products were carried out polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.[Result] 12% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to detect primers D13,G11 and PI02,and 8% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to detect primers PI4B,PI63,SSR4,SSR8 and SSR11,then 0.1% silver nitrate was used to stain,and an ideal electrophoresis and staining effect was obtained.[Conclusion] The electrophoresis and staining method suitable for P.infeatans SSR Marker established in the study had the characteristics of high sensitivity,simple operation and clear bands,which was an effective,simple and quick detection method.

Optimization of SSR-PCR Non-denatured Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Conditions in Kernelled Apricot

[Objective] The aim was to optimize the SSR-PCR non-denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis conditions in kernelled apricot.[Method]25 accessions of kernelled apricot and three accessions of edible apricot were selected as experimental materials to screen the repeatable SSR loci with high polymorphism by the use of SSR markers combined with non-denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.And the effect of different factors on electrophoresis conditions was compared to explore the optimal SSR-PCR non-denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis conditions in kernelled apricot.[Result]The optimal non-denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis conditions for SSR-PCR were established as follows：polyacrylamide gel concentration 6%,the ratio of acrylamide to bisacrylamide 29∶1,electrophoresis at 1 000 V for 2-3 h,and staining for 15 min within 0.1% AgNO3.[Conclusion]The optimum electrophoresis system has provided some technical foundations to further study the phylogenetic relationship of kernelled apricots by SSR markers.

Synthesis of YAG∶Ce^(3+) Phosphor by Polyacrylamide Gel Method and Promoting Action of α-Al_2O_3 Seed Crystal on Phase Formation

YAG： Ce^3 ＋ phosphor particles were prepared using polyacrylamide gel method. The structure evolution of powders during annealing process was followed by X-ray diffraction determination. It is found that some intermediate phases, including θ-Al2O3, YAM and YAP, are formed when calcining polyacrylamide gel, however, the pure YAG phase can be formed directly when calcining polyacrylamide gel with α-Al2O3 as seed crystal. These facts show that the existence of α- Al2O3 seed crystal can block the formation of θ-Al2O3, YAM and YAP, and accelerate its reaction with Y2O3 to form YAG phase directly at lower temperature. The emission peak of prepared YAG ： Ce^3 ＋ phosphor is wide with maximum at 550 nm and the exitation band has two peaks, the major one is around at 460 nm, which matches the blue emission of GaN LED and is suitable for the assemble of white LED. Some fluxes can enhance the photoluminescence intensity of phosphor particles, that can be attributed both to the improvement of crystallization processes of YAG and to the stabilization of trivalence cerium ion in YAG：Ce^3 ＋.

Determination of the Structure of Polyacrylamide/Aluminum Citrate Colloidal Dispersion Gel System

1 INTRODUCTIONIn recent years,colloidal dispersion gel(CDG)have been attracting more and more in thefield of enhanced oil recovery on account of the cost-effectiveness and high efficiency ofblocking formation.Compared with bulk gel(BG),CDG exhibits lower polymer concentra-tion,undefined shape and selective blocking formation characteristics.The characteris-tics of CDG and BG are related to structure.In the bulk gel a continuous network of polymermolecules is formed predominant through intermolecular cross-linkages.The

Synthesis,Characterization and Electromagnetic Studies on Nanocrystalline Nickel Zinc Ferrite by Polyacrylamide Gel

Nanocrystalline nickel zinc ferrite powders （Ni=Zn1-xFe2O4, A for x=0, B for x=0.2, C for x=0.5, D for x= 0.8 and E for x= 1） were synthesized by polyacrylamide gel method. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and wave-guide were used to characterize the composition. The XRD results show that the dried gel powders are amorphous, and the characteristic peaks of the spinel Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 appear after the gel is calcined at 400℃ for 1 h. When the calcining temperatures are 600 and 800℃, the average grain sizes are identified by TEM to be 10 and 30 nm, respectively. The NixZn1-xFe2O4 powders have both dielectric loss and magnetic loss in the frequency range of 8.2-11.0GHz. With the increase of Ni^2＋ ions content, the dielectric parameters （ε′） and permeability （u′） of the NixZn1-xFe2O4 powders decrease while the dielectric loss （ε″）, magnetic loss （u″） and the reflection loss increase.

Synthesis,Characterization and Electromagnetic Studies on Nanocrystalline Co_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 Synthesized by Polyacrylamide Gel

Nanocrystalline Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrite was synthesized by polyacrylamide gel method. The electromagnetic and microwave absorption properties of the ferrite were investigated. The results indicated that calcining temperature of the ferrite had a significant influence on the effective properties of the ferrite. When the calcining temperature was 500, 600 and 700℃, the average size of particles was 10, 30 and 80 nm, respectively. The dielectric loss （ε″） and magnetic loss （μ″） of the ferrite was around 0.65 and 0.29 at 8.2 GHz, respectively. Microwave absorption properties of the ferrites were simultaneously influenced due to the strong correlation between reflection loss and electromagnetic parameters of the ferrite.

Characterization of YSZ Ceramic Nanopowders Synthesized at Different Temperatures via Polyacrylamide Gel Method

Tetragonal zirconia (T-ZrO2) ceramic nanopowders stabilized with 3 mol% Y2O3 were synthesized via polyacrylamide gel method, using ZrOCl2?8H2O and Y(NO3)3?6H2O as raw materials. The effect of temperature on phase composition and morphology of YSZ nanopowders and sintering behavior of YSZ ceramics was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Vickers hardness tester. The aging-resistance of YSZ ceramics was measured by means of aging experiments. The results demonstrated that the phase composition of YSZ ceramic nanopowders had no obvious change and it was composed of T-ZrO2. Particle size of well-dispersed YSZ ceramic nanopowders increased from 17 to 35 nm with increasing calcining temperature from 600 to 800 ℃. There was noticeable negative correlation between calcining temperature and the relative density of YSZ ceramic at the same sintering temperature. The aging experiments showed that water vapor facilitated tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation, and the sample that had smaller grain size exhibited better aging-resistance. It can be concluded that when the calcining temperature is 600 ℃ and sintering temperature is 1550 ℃, the relative density and hardness of YSZ ceramic arrive at the peak of 96.64% and 11.135 GPa respectively, and it has less microcracks and excellent aging-resistance.

Breast Fibromatosis after Hydrophilic Polyacrylamide Gel Injection for Breast Augmentation: a Case Report and Review of the Literature

BREAST fibromatosis is a rare kind of lesion. The average incidence is about 2-4 per million every year} So far there have been about 100 cases reported altogether.2 In this report, we describe a case of breast fibromatosis developed after hydrophilic polyacrylamide gel （HPG） injection for breast augmentation. By reviewing the literature, the possible pathogenesis of this case and the proper treatment strategy are investigated.

Crystallization, morphology and luminescent properties of YAG:Ce^(3+) phosphor powder prepared by polyacrylamide gel method

A novel synthesis process, based on the polyacrylamide gel method, was used to prepare Ce-doped YAG phosphor powders. Effects of heat treatment parameters, temperature and holding time, the fluxes, and atmosphere on microstructure and particle morphology as well as luminescent properties of YAG:Ce3+ phosphor powders were studied by X-ray powder diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and fluorescence spectrophotometry. The results show that the formation temperature (1 000 ℃) of pure YAG phase is significant low when being synthesized by the polyacrylamide gel method, compared with solid-state reaction. For luminescent properties, the intensity of emission of YAG:Ce3+ phosphor increases steadily with increasing temperature from 900 ℃ to 1 300 ℃ and prolonging holding time from 100 min to 400 min. But blue shift phenomenon is observed for 400 min calcination. Fluxes as BaF2 and H3BO3 can enhance the intensity of emission of phosphor due to the improvement of crystallization of YAG and the stabilization of trivalence cerium ion in YAG host lattice at high temperature. Weak reduction atmosphere can contribute to improvement of the emission intensity of YAG:Ce3+ phosphor powders.

Electrically induced gel-sol transition of polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylamide semi-interpenetrated hydrogels

Polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylamide semi-interpenetrated hydrogels were prepared via freeze-thaw process. When a 20 V of DC was applied across the gels, the gels with lower polyacrylamide content underwent a contraction or partly turned into solution, while for the gels. with higher polyacrylamide concentration, a complete gel-sol transition was observed in a short time.

Separation of non-denatured proteins using semi-crosslinked polyacrylamide capillary gel electrophoresis

This work presents an approach to build a high-performance, low-viscous and replaceable separation matrix, semi-crosslinked polyacrylamide （semi-CPA） capillary gel electrophoresis. Non- denatured basic proteins, such as lysozyme, cytochrome C, ribonuclease A and trypsin were separa- ted. The impacts of monomer and cross-linker concentrations on protein separation were studied, and the ability of dynamic capillary inner wall coating was demonstrated. The UV absorption interfer- ence by semi-CPA gel matrix was successfully overcome by a partial filling technique, which results in sensitivity 20 times higher than other protein separation method. The excellent separation ability, reproducibility and dynamic coating ability made semi-CPA an ideal separation media in both capillar- y electrophoresis and microfluidic chip separation scheme.

Quantitative Detection of Inositol Hexakisphosphate (InsP6) in Crop Plants Using Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE)

Inositol phosphates are essential for cell development and signaling in all living organisms. Inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6) is the most abundant phosphoinositol in both plants and animals. While the concentration of inorganic phosphorous (Pi) is often limited in soil, some plants overcome this limitation by creating a phosphate reservoir that serves as a source of Pi during phosphate deficiency. Although this strategy benefits plant development and signaling under adverse environmental conditions, excessive accumulation of Pi in crop plants has raised serious concerns about its toxicity and ill effects on human health. Consumption of crop plants with high InsP6 content or food products made from these crops is found to reduce nutrient intake significantly by way of chelating essential metal cations in human and livestock fed by such plants. Therefore, it is necessary to determine InsP6 contents in crop plants. Several methods have been developed for the screening and detection of InsP6 in plants. These detection methods however, are complex, labor-intensive, and often provide inaccurate results. We have developed a fast, reliable, and cost-effective method for the detection and quantification of InsP6 in plants using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) with potential applications in industry, quality control labs, and research projects.

A New PAA Sol-Gel Method to Synthesis the Spinel LiMn_2O_4 Material for Li-ion Battery

A PAA sol-gel method, which is based on the chelate effect of PAA polymer, was developed for the synthesis of the spinel LiMn 2O 4 material. The pyrolysis process of the PAA-nitrate mixture precursor was investigated by TG and DTA analysis. It is found that the structure and electrochemical properties of the material are sensitive to the atmosphere employed in the synthesis process. Preliminary results show that the material thus prepared has a good electrochemical performance even at high charge and discharge current.

多孔氧化铝模板结合sol-gel旋转涂敷法制备PZT纳米管

利用溶胶-凝胶旋转涂敷法在通孔的多孔阳极氧化铝(PAA)模板中制备了锆钛酸铅(PZT)纳米管,研究了溶胶浓度对样品形貌的影响。利用SEM和TEM观察了纳米管阵列和单根纳米管的形貌,采用XRD和EDS图谱分析了纳米管的相结构和化学元素组成。结果表明合成的PZT纳米管结晶良好,具有钙钛矿结构(属于四方晶系);纳米管具有较高的韧性但表面较粗糙,直径和管壁厚度分别约为75和7nm,直径与原始PAA模板的孔径相吻合。在一定范围内调节PZT溶胶的浓度(0.1～0.4mol/L),均能在PAA模板的孔洞中形成PZT多晶纳米管,且组成PZT纳米管的晶粒随着溶胶浓度的增加而变大。

Bio-Gel P-2分离低聚木糖的特性

以聚丙烯酰胺凝胶（Bio-Gel P-2）为层析介质，快速蛋白液相层析（FPLC）系统为平台，以脱气超纯水为洗脱液，对其分离低聚木糖的特性进行了探讨。研究表明，Bio-Ge lP-2可用于低聚木耱分离，采用Bio-Gel P-2分离低聚木糖时，木二糖至木六糖各相邻组分之间的选择因子α和分离度R分别介于1．13～1．18和0．83～1．11之间，而且各组分与层析介质Bio-Gel P-2之间无特异性吸附现象，能完全按照分子质量大小进行分离。通过1次分离可获得纯度分别为86．94％、82．90％、88．30％、64．20％和77．89％的木二糖至木六糖溶液。

用于高强度聚焦超声热消融的PAA模块:模块的制作及声学参数的测量(英文)

目的研制一种透明的用于高强度聚焦超声热消融的PAA模块,并对其声学参数进行测量。方法观察模块浓度的不同所致颜色与透明度的变化,并对PAA模块的声学特性包括密度、声速及声衰减进行测量。结果(1)PAA模块为透明的琥珀色,蛋白浓度越高,颜色越深,透明度越低。(2)PAA模块的密度与水相近,为1.0250g/cm3至1.0617g/cm3。声速与模块浓度之间有明显的相关性。声衰减从0.125dB/cm至0.329dB/cm,随着模块密度与探头频率的增加而增加。结论PAA模块是一种较好的用于高强度聚焦超声热消融的均质仿体,实验结果有较好的重复性。

PAAm-g-CB/Al_2O_3凝胶杂合材料的制备及负蒸气系数效应研究

利用自由基反应机理 ,以过氧化苯甲酰 (BPO)为引发剂 ,在炭黑表面引入 CH2 OH或 C(CH3) 2 OH ;然后再以硝酸铈铵 /CB -CH2 OH或硝酸铈铵 /CB C(CH3) 2 OH组成氧化还原引发体系 ,在CB表面接枝上聚丙烯酰胺 (PAAm g CB) ;在PAAm g CB存在下 ,进行AIP(异丙醇铝 )的溶胶 凝胶化反应 ,制得了一种新颖的具有智能响应性的PAAm g CB/Al2 O3凝胶杂合材料。研究了其气敏性能和湿敏性能。结果发现 ,该杂合材料在其良溶剂蒸气中电阻急剧下降 ,呈现负蒸气系数现象 (NVC) ;而在不良溶剂蒸气中电阻几乎不发生变化。其响应性能与杂合体间氢键作用密切相关 ,并受接枝率大小的影响 ;结合IR、DTA、TGA等分析方法推断了杂合材料分子结构模型。

纳米ZnO/PAA组装体系的制备及表征

以草酸为电解液,采用二次阳极氧化法制备了多孔阳极氧化铝膜(PAA),并利用阳极氧化铝膜的有序纳米多孔结构,用溶胶-凝胶法在多孔氧化铝模板内组装了ZnO纳米颗粒.结果表明,PAA模板在微米范围内呈有序的六角结构排列.ZnO/PAA组装体系断截面的SEM和X射线能谱图表明,在多孔氧化铝模板内生长了ZnO纳米半导体材料.

聚丙烯酰胺(PAA)模块高强度聚焦超声消融实验研究:消融灶的可视化及其显像特点

目的了解聚丙烯酰胺(PAA)凝胶模块在高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)消融灶形成过程中的可视特性,观察模块内HIFU消融灶的超声及磁共振显像特点。方法采用HIFU辐照30％蛋清的PAA凝胶模块后,用肉眼观察消融灶的形成过程、消融灶的颜色、大小和形态变化。超声和磁共振显像观察消融灶的回声或信号改变。结果HIFU辐照声功率为240w、辐照时间≥0．1 s时,PAA模块内形成的焦区消融灶呈乳白色不透明区,随辐照时间延长,消融灶扩大主要向浅部延伸,其形态从米粒样向倒置锥形或三角形演变;同一辐照深度,消融灶的长度、宽度随辐照时间的增加逐渐增大;辐照深度不同时,HIFU形成的消融灶长度、宽度随治疗深度的增加而逐渐减小。模块内消融灶在超声图像上表现为高回声区,在磁共振成像上,T1加权相信号变化不明显,T2加权相呈低信号。结论PAA凝胶模块具有能用肉眼观察HIFU辐照后消融灶形成过程的可视化特性,其内消融灶可被影像学显示,这将对生物体的HIFU声场、温度场和消融灶及其相互关系的深入研究具有重要意义。

PAA络合法制备掺Co锰酸锂纳米粉体

采用PAA络合法并结合热处理技术制备了尖晶石结构的LiCo0.1Mn1.9O4纳米粉体,并考察了前驱体的热分解行为、粉体的结构、形貌及电化学性能。结果表明:随着烧结温度的升高,LiCo0.1Mn1.9O4粉体的颗粒尺寸略有增大,尖晶石型结构越来越完整。在电流密度0.1 mA/cm2,截止电压3.5～4.4 V时,在700℃烧结8 h得到性能较好的LiCo0.1Mn1.9O4粉体,首次放电比容量达124 mAh/g,稳定放电比容量大于110 mAh/g。