Variation and Cluster Analysis on Leaf Characters from Different Provenance Sources of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb

[Objective] The aim was to study the variation of leaf characters from different provenance sources of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb,as well as to carry out cluster analysis on P.multiflorum from different provenance sources to provide basis for the classification,identification,breeding and improved variety selection of P.multiflorum.[Method] Leaf shape characters of 31 copies of germplasm resources in the major distribution region of the whole country were determined,and the genetic variation of P.multiflorum leaves from different producing areas was analyzed.[Result] The leaf characters of single plant of the same experimental provenance source of P.multiflorum were relatively stable,the variation was mainly found on the single leaf area,1/2 leaf width,leaf width and other indicators;the variation of each leaf character among different provenance sources was obvious,and the variation was mainly found on the single leaf weight,leaf area,1/2 leaf width,leaf length and other indicators.The correlation analysis of each leaf character in P.multiflorum suggested that the single leaf area and single leaf weight showed extremely significant positive correlation with leaf length,1/2 leaf width,leaf width,leaf thickness and leaf stem length,while the single leaf area and single leaf weight showed significant negative correlation with WWR（leaf width/1/2 leaf width）and LWR（leaf length/1/2 leaf length）,in addition,several macroscopic leaf characters such as leaf length,1/2 leaf width,leaf width,leaf stem length showed extremely positive correlation.The main component analysis result suggested that the contribution rate of accumulation variance of the front three main components was up to 97.4%,which could better reflect the comprehensive performance of leaf characters of different provenance sources of P.multiflorum.The cluster analysis showed that the experimental 31 copies of P.multiflorum provenance sources should be divided into three classes,the first class was distributed in the Middle,Western of Guizhou,northwestern of Guangxi and western areas with higher altitude;the second class was distributed in Hunan,Hubei,Sichuan,Guangdong and the most area of Guangxi;the third class was distributed in Anhui,Jiangsu and Henan and Shandong.[Conclusion] Cluster analysis of leaf characters indicated that the kinds of provenance sources which the geographical position was closer could be got together.The study had provided a certain basis for the classification of P.multiflorum.

Transcriptional regulation effect of constituents in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. based on human progesterone X receptor(hPXR) mediated CYP3A4 rapid screening system

OBJECTIVE This study investigated transcriptional regulation of the main chemical con.stituents of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.including Stilbene Glucoside(THSG) and anthraquinone constituents(Emodin,Rhein,Aloeemodin,Chrysophanol and Physcion) and six potential liver injury constituents(gallic acid,quercetin,luteolin,kaempferol,resveratrol) on mediated by PXR CYP3A4.Early establishment of pregnane X receptor mediated CYP3A4 drug induced rapid screening technique was used to determine the effects of these constituents.METHODS First,effect of constituents on the cell activity was detected by MTS cell viability assay.IC50 was calculated.Second,the expression vector and reporter vector were co-transfected into Hep G2 cells,10 μmol·L^(-1) Rifampicin as a positive control,10 μmol·L^(-1) Ketoconazole as a negative control.After treated with different concentrations of(the an.thraquinone constituents concentrations were 2.5,5 and 10 μmol·L^(-1);the concentrations of Gallic Acid,Quercetin,Luteolin,Kaempferol,Apigenin,Resveratrol concentrations were 5,10 and 20 μmol·L^(-1)) for24 h,the cells were tested for dual luciferase activity.RESULTS The results show that the inhibitory ef.fect of THSG,Chrysophanol,Emodin,Rhein and Aloeemodin on CYP3A4 was inhibited by co-transfec.tion of pcDNA3.1 and pGL4.17-CYP3A4.The expression of pcDNA3.14-PXR and pGL4.17-CYP3A4 was induced by the four constituents.Besides,Emodin has a directly inducing effect.Four anthraqui.none constituentscan induce the effect of CYP3A4 by PXR,but Emodin can directly induce CYP3A4.THSG can inhibit CYP3A4,but in the presence of PXR plasmid can induce CYP3A4.For the six poten.tial liver injury constituents,results show that the plasmid pcDNA3.1 was cotransfected with pGL4.17-CYP3A4 regulation of Gallic Acid and Resveratrol on CYP3A4 inhibitory effects of Quercetin,Luteolin,Kaempferol have an induce effect;after pcDNA3.14-PXR and pGL4.17-CYP3A4 cotransfected,Quercetin,Luteolin,Kaempferol,Apigenin,Resveratrol have induced effect,three constituents' induc.tion effect had significant difference.CONCLUSION 12 kinds of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.constit.uents have inhibitory or activating effects on CYP3A4,after the participation of PXR,9 components have induced effects on CYP3A4,and the induction effect of 6 components has significant difference.The results suggested that we should pay attention to potential drug interactions when combined with Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.,and improve safety and efficacy.

Simultaneous quantitative determination of eight active components in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb by RP-HPLC

A sensitive and specific reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography （RP-HPLC） method was established for the simultaneous quantitative determination of eight active components, two stilbenes （resveratrol, polydatin） and six flavonoids （rutin, quercilrin, quercetin, luteotin, isoorientin, kaempferol）, in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. The chromatographic separation was performed on a Kromasil C18 column （250 mm^4.6 mm, 5 ~tm）, and gradient elution was carried out with water-methanol as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Stilbenes and flavonoids were respectively detected at 320 nm and 350 nm with DAD. The correlation coefficients of all the calibration curves were found to be higher than 0.9995. The average recoveries were ranged from 96.8% to 102.5% with RSD less than 4.8% for these components. RP-HPLC was validated to be a robust method for the quantitative determination of active components in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, and it could be used in the quality control of this traditional medicine.

Transcriptome changes in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. roots induced by methyl jasmonate

Transcriptome profiling has been widely used to analyze transcdptomic variation in plants subjected to abiotic or biotic stresses. Although gene expression changes induced by methyl jasmonate （MeJA） have been profiled in several plant species, no information is available on the MeJA-triggered transcriptome response of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., a species with highly valuable medicinal properties. In this study, we used transcriptome profiling to investigate transcdptome changes in roots of P. mu/tiflorum seedlings subjected to a 0.25 mmol/L-MeJA rootirrigation treatment. A total of 18 677 differentially expressed genes （DEGs） were induced by MeJA treatment, of which 4535 were up-regulated and 14 142 were down-ragulated compared with controls. These DEGs were associated with 125 metabolic pathways. In addition to various common primary and secondary metabolic pathways, several sec- ondary metabolic pathways related to components with significant pharmacological effects were enriched by MeJA, including arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and stilbenoid biosynthesis. The MeJA-induced transcdptome changes uncovered in this study provide a solid foundation for future study of functional genes controlling effective components in secondary metabolic pathways of P. multiflorum.

肥水处理对一年生何首乌块根产量的影响

为探明一年生何首乌生长的水肥田间管理方法,以大棚盆栽何首乌为试材,用氮、磷、钾、水4因素3水平正交试验设计L^(9)(3^(4))方法,测定一年生何首乌产量及最大块根重量。结果表明,氮、磷、钾、水4个因素对何首乌块根产量的影响,其主次顺序依次为土壤持水量、磷肥、氮肥和钾肥;水和磷两个因素对何首乌产量的影响达到了极显著水平,而氮与钾两个因素未达到显著水平;产量随土壤持水量的增大呈先上升后下降的趋势,最大产量出现在水因素为W_(2)时,为297.86 g/株;各处理何首乌最大块根重量在24.57~80.95 g的范围内变化;何首乌最大块根重量与其产量呈极显著正相关。一年生何首乌产量适宜土壤水分含量为65%田间持水量,磷肥单株每盆需要P_(2)O_(5)2.16 g。

何首乌提取物对注意缺陷多动障碍模型大鼠BDNF/TrkB及其下游信号通路的影响

目的观察何首乌提取物对注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)模型大鼠的影响并探讨其作用机制。方法选择自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rat,SHR)为ADHD模型,随机分为模型组、托莫西汀组(4.5 mg/kg),何首乌低(0.54 g/kg)、中(1.08 g/kg)、高(2.16 g/kg)剂量组,另设Wistar京都大鼠为正常组,每组10只。各组大鼠每日给予相应药物灌胃,4周后观察各组大鼠行为学,ELISA法检测前额叶皮质中二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid,DHA)含量,Western blot和RT-qPCR法检测前额叶皮质和海马组织中脑源性神经营养因子(brain derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)/酪氨酸蛋白激酶受体B(tyrosine kinase receptor B,TrkB)及其下游信号通路中生长因子受体结合蛋白2(growth factor receptor-bound protein 2,Grb2)、肌肉RAS癌基因(muscle RAS oncogene,Ras)3的表达水平。结果托莫西汀和何首乌均能有效控制SHR大鼠多动、冲动行为。与正常组比较,模型组大鼠前额叶皮质中DHA含量降低(P<0.05),BDNF、TrkB、Grb2、Ras3蛋白和mRNA表达明显降低(P<0.01),海马中BDNF、TrkB、Grb2、Ras3蛋白和BDNF、Ras3 mRNA表达明显下调(P<0.05)。给药4周后,在前额叶皮质中,何首乌低、中、高剂量组大鼠DHA含量均显著升高(P<0.01),BDNF、TrkB、Grb2、Ras3的mRNA表达水平均显著上升(P<0.01),何首乌低、中剂量组大鼠BDNF、TrkB、Grb2蛋白,高剂量组大鼠BDNF、Grb2、Ras3蛋白表达水平均显著上升(P<0.05);在海马中,何首乌高剂量组大鼠BDNF、TrkB、Grb2、Ras3蛋白和mRNA表达均明显增加(P<0.05)。结论何首乌提取物能够明显改善SHR多动、冲动行为,其机制可能与调节BDNF/TrkB及其下游信号通路有关。

基于网络药理学探究何首乌有效成分含量与抗肿瘤活性

目的基于网络药理学探究广东省不同产地的12批次何首乌主要活性成分EBYXG和蒽醌类化合物(大黄素、大黄素甲醚)的抗氧化和抗肿瘤活性机制,并通过测定化合物质量分数,对何首乌的质量进行评价。方法通过HPLC法测定12批次何首乌样品中EBYXG与大黄素、大黄素甲醚的质量分数。通过SwissTargetPrediction、SuperPred数据库筛选成分作用靶点,利用Uniprot进行校准。通过String数据库、Cytoscape3.7.2软件筛选核心靶点,绘制蛋白互作网络;通过DAVID数据库进行GO和KEGG富集分析预测药物作用机制。利用AutoDock平台进行分子对接,预测药物作用靶点程度,结合细胞及抗氧化实验,验证网络药理学分析结果。结果12批何首乌样品中EBYXG、蒽醌类化合物含量分别在1.526%~3.936%、0.129%~1.390%。找到“成分-疾病”交集基因共179个。GO与KEGG富集分析结果显示EBYXG、大黄素、大黄素甲醚主要通过PI3K-Akt、HIF-1、MAPK、cAMP等信号通路发挥抗氧化、抗肿瘤作用。分子对接结果显示,活性成分可以与靶点蛋白中心相结合。抗氧化及细胞试验证明,12批次何首乌均具有良好的抗氧化、抗肿瘤活性。结论广东省不同产地何首乌中的主要有效成分EBYXG、大黄素、大黄素甲醚质量分数均达到2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》规定。基于网络药理学及药理试验证实何首乌可通过多成分、多靶点、多信号通路产生抗氧化、抗肿瘤的功效,为何首乌在抗肿瘤领域的应用提供参考。

白芍通过调控M2巨噬细胞极化有效缓解何首乌引发的特异质肝损伤

特异质药物性肝损伤(IDILI)是一种因药物引起的严重不良反应,通常发生在少数易感人群中。何首乌(PM)虽是一个常用的补益药,但许多临床数据已证明PM会引发IDILI。大多数IDILI的发生与机体免疫应激相关,然而对于PM导致IDILI的内在机制仍尚未被阐明。白芍(PRA)在临床上常与其他中药配伍,具有增效减毒缓解炎症等功效。但PRA是否能够缓解PM引发的肝损伤及内在机制仍未可知。在本研究中,通过网络药理学分析预测了PRA配伍PM在天然免疫中的相关靶点可能与巨噬细胞极化相关。同时采用非肝毒性剂量的LPS复制免疫应激模型,通过肝功能指标及病理等结果显示,当PM与PRA联用后,肝损伤的程度有所改善,相关促炎因子TNF-α和IL-6下降,M2巨噬细胞相关因子也有所上升。在体外,PM抑制了小鼠骨髓来源巨噬细胞(BMDMs)中IL-4诱导的Arg1及M2巨噬细胞标记物的表达,PRA则能够促进M2巨噬细胞极化,当二者配伍时,PRA可以改善PM对M2巨噬细胞极化的抑制作用。总之,这些研究结初步表明PRA能够通过促进M2巨噬细胞极化,降低炎症因子的表达,从而缓解PM引发的肝损伤,为解决何首乌引发的IDILI提供了新的思路和方案。

不同干燥方式的九制何首乌对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠的抗衰老作用

目的:探究不同干燥方式的九制何首乌对D-半乳糖诱导衰老小鼠的影响。方法:将50只ICR小鼠随机分成空白组、模型组、阳性对照组、九蒸九晒制首乌组、九蒸九烘制首乌组,每日腹腔注射D-半乳糖(0.5 g·kg^(-1))构建小鼠衰老模型,造模同时给药,持续12周。应用Morris水迷宫实验方法测定小鼠的空间记忆和学习水平,计算各组小鼠胸腺、脾脏指数,检测小鼠血清及脑、肝、肾匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)水平,检测小鼠肝肾功能水平。结果:与空白对照组相比,模型组空间记忆和学习能力明显降低,体质量、脏器指数明显下降,血清以及全脑、肝、肾匀浆中SOD、GSH-Px水平明显下降,而MDA水平显著上升,血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶、肌酐、尿素水平显著性上升;药物干预组与模型组相比,空间记忆和记忆水平明显改善,体质量、脏器系数显著增加,改善D-半乳糖诱导的氧化应激,提高SOD、GSH-Px水平,抑制MDA含量的升高,肝肾功能趋于正常。两种干燥方式的给药组小鼠的指标相当,无明显差异。结论:不同干燥方法的九制何首乌的水煎液对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠具有抗衰老作用,且两种方法的抗衰老作用无显著差异。

反式和顺式二苯乙烯苷在大鼠体内的药代动力学比较研究

[目的]比较何首乌中反式二苯乙烯苷和顺式二苯乙烯苷在大鼠体内的药代动力学差异。[方法]分别单次灌胃给药(60 mg/kg)反式二苯乙烯苷和顺式二苯乙烯苷后,测定大鼠给药后不同时间点的血浆中药物浓度,通过计算药代动力学参数,比较两者的体内药动学行为差异。[结果]单次给药反式二苯乙烯苷和顺式二苯乙烯苷后,大鼠血浆中顺式二苯乙烯苷的半衰期(T1/2)显著高于反式二苯乙烯苷(P<0.05),而反式二苯乙烯苷在大鼠体内的达峰浓度(Cmax)和清除率(CLz/F)则显著高于顺式二苯乙烯苷(P<0.05)。[结论]单次给予相同浓度的反式二苯乙烯苷和顺式二苯乙烯苷后,两者在大鼠体内的药代动力学行为存在明显差异。

何首乌水提物及其活性成分大黄素通过调控胆固醇代谢抑制软骨细胞炎症缓解骨关节炎的研究

[目的]何首乌是一种被广泛应用的传统中草药,具有多种药理作用。经过炮制加工后具有不同的药理作用。然而,何首乌炮制前后的化学成分变化,以及其炮制品具补肝肾、强筋骨,进而是否具有治疗骨关节炎的功效作用尚不清楚。因此,本研究探索制首乌是否具有改善骨关节炎的药效作用,并研究制首乌中主要活性成分在防治骨关节炎作用中的分子机制。[方法]采用高效液相色谱法对炮制前后何首乌水提物进行对比分析。利用GEO数据库及R语言对骨关节炎疾病靶点进行KEGG和GO富集分析。通过GC-MS代谢组学技术测定经药物处理前后软骨细胞的代谢表征。[结果]结果显示何首乌炮制后具有改善骨关节炎的药效作用,且炮制后活性成分大黄素含量显著增加。GEO数据库分析进一步证明骨关节炎的发病进程与生物代谢途径存在较大关联。大黄素能够在一定程度上促进软骨细胞增殖,并显著抑制炎症因子的表达。代谢组学结果显示,大黄素通过调节5种代谢途径包括:氨基酸代谢、脂肪酸合成、胆固醇代谢等参与延缓软骨细胞退变,进而抑制骨关节炎的发生发展。[结论]本研究揭示了经过中药炮制后的制何首乌具有抑制骨关节炎的功效作用,并证实经过炮制后主要增量物质大黄素是产生抗炎药理活性,进而治疗骨关节炎的活性成分,本研究为制何首乌治疗骨关节炎提供了科学依据。

肥水处理对一年生何首乌生长的影响

为了探明适宜一年生何首乌生长的水肥田间管理方法,本研究采用正交设计L_(9)(3^(4)),研究肥水处理对一年生何首乌生长的影响。结果表明,在采收期11月份,何首乌各部位干物质重由大到小依次为:藤蔓>块根>叶片>须根;地上部生长高峰期为10月份;在6~11月期间,叶片干重、藤蔓干重、叶片数呈先升后降趋势;叶片重量和叶面积呈先降后升再降趋势;块根干重、须根干重、主茎粗呈上升趋势。施氮对何首乌叶片干重的影响达显著水平;施钾对叶片数、叶片重量、叶面积的影响达极显著水平,对藤蔓干重的影响达显著水平;土壤持水量对叶片数、块根干重、藤蔓干重、叶片干重的影响达极显著水平,对叶片重量、叶面积的影响达显著水平。综合各指标,N3P1K3W2处理叶片数多、叶片重、叶面积大、块根干重大。

酶法纯化何首乌抗性淀粉及其对大肠杆菌增殖效力的影响

为优化何首乌抗性淀粉(resistant starch,RS)的纯化工艺,并考察其对大肠杆菌增殖效力的影响。基于单因素试验,采用Box-Behnken响应面法,以淀粉乳浓度、酶添加量、酶解时间为考察因素,RS含量为指标,优化RS纯化工艺;测定何首乌RS与纯化后RS的碘吸收曲线、平均聚合度;以RS为培养基碳源,采用体外发酵考察何首乌RS及纯化后RS对大肠杆菌增殖的影响。结果表明:最佳纯化条件为淀粉乳浓度16%、酶添加量22 U/g、酶解时间42 min条件下纯化RS,RS含量为(43.23±0.26)%。纯化后RS的碘结合能力明显提高,平均聚合度为47.03;纯化后RS表面呈现多孔结构。与葡萄糖培养基相比,纯化RS可显著降低大肠杆菌的增殖。

二苯乙烯苷对脑缺血啮齿动物脑NMDA受体及细胞内钙离子的影响

目的 研究二苯乙烯苷对脑缺血再灌注啮齿动物脑组织N 甲基 D 天 (门 )冬氨酸 (NMDA)受体结合力的影响 ,同时观察二苯乙烯苷对神经细胞内钙离子浓度的影响 ,初步探讨二苯乙烯苷对缺血再灌注动物的脑保护作用的机制。方法 麻醉后夹闭沙土鼠和小鼠双侧颈总动脉 10min后 ,小心撤去动脉夹制作缺血再灌注动物模型 :(1)沙土鼠再灌注 7d后处死 ,取前脑进行NMDA受体结合力实验 ;(2 )小鼠再灌注 15min后迅速断头取脑 ,切成脑片 ,加入Fluo 3/AM负载后 ,在激光扫描共聚焦显微镜上进行光切 ,观察不同层面皮层和海马区细胞内游离钙的荧光强度。结果 模型组的NMDA受体结合力比假手术组明显升高 ,而二苯乙烯苷治疗组可以降低模型动物的NMDA受体结合力 ;脑片的光切结果显示 ,脑缺血再灌注模型组神经细胞内游离钙离子浓度比假手术组明显升高 ;与模型组相比 ,二苯乙烯苷治疗组的细胞内游离钙离子浓度降低。结论 二苯乙烯苷能够抑制啮齿动物脑缺血再灌注所导致的脑组织NMDA受体结合力及神经细胞内钙离子浓度的升高 ,减轻钙超载导致的脑组织损伤 。

超临界流体萃取-高效液相色谱法测定何首乌中磷脂成分

目的：建立超临界流体萃取（ Ｓ Ｆ Ｅ） 中药何首乌中的磷脂类成分的方法。方法：采用系统观察法考察了 Ｓ Ｆ Ｅ 的提取工艺，并用反相高效液相色谱法进行分离测定。结果：在 Ｓ Ｆ Ｅ 中，通过对萃取条件的考察，确定萃取压力为３１５ Ｍ Ｐａ ，温度５０ ℃，改性剂加入量０６ ｍ Ｌ·ｇ － １ ，静态萃取时间５ ｍｉｎ 及动态萃取体积７ ｍ Ｌ。在 Ｈ Ｐ Ｌ Ｃ 中，以 Ｗａｔｅｒｓ Ｓｙｍ ｍｅｔｒｙ Ｃ１ ８ 为固定相，甲醇—１０ ％ 磷酸溶液（９０∶１０） 为流动相，检测波长２０６ ｎ ｍ 。结论： Ｓ Ｆ Ｅ Ｈ Ｐ Ｌ Ｃ 法测定何首乌中的磷脂类成分，为何首乌及其制剂的质量控制提供依据。

何首乌对D-半乳糖致衰大鼠的抗衰益智作用机制的研究

目的:探讨何首乌对D-半乳糖致衰大鼠海马的抗衰益智作用机制。方法:以D-半乳糖致衰大鼠为研究对象,采用Y-迷宫及一次被动回避反应,检测大鼠的学习记忆能力;用荧光标记测定海马突触体内游离钙离子浓度;用免疫组织化学结合图像分析测定海马内突触素(synaptophsin,P38)的灰度值。同时观察了何首乌对上述各项指标的影响。结果:老年模型组突触体内钙离子浓度显著升高,P38灰度值也明显高于青年对照组;何首乌给药组与老年模型组比较,学习记忆能力明显改善,突触体内钙离子浓度显著降低,P38灰度值也明显低于老年模型组。结论:何首乌可能通过抑制突触体内钙离子超载、提高P38含量起到抗衰益智作用。

何首乌中二苯乙烯苷在大鼠体内的药动学

目的 建立大鼠血浆及组织匀浆中二苯乙烯苷的RP- HPL C测定方法,研究何首乌中二苯乙烯苷在大鼠体内的药动学及组织分布。方法 色谱条件:用Diamonsil TMC1 8色谱柱(2 5 0 m m×4 .6 m m,5μm) ,乙腈-甲醇-水(15∶18∶6 7)为流动相,体积流量1.0 m L/min,检测波长32 0 nm。大鼠iv二苯乙烯苷2 0、10 m g/kg及ig二苯乙烯苷10 0、5 0 mg/kg,于不同时间点取血浆及组织,HPL C法测二苯乙烯苷血药浓度及在组织中的浓度。数据用3P97软件拟合,计算药动学参数。结果 大鼠iv不同剂量二苯乙烯苷后药动学模型为二室开放模型;ig不同剂量二苯乙烯苷后药动学模型符合一室模型;大鼠iv及ig二苯乙烯苷后,在体内分布广泛,大鼠iv二苯乙烯苷后以肝、心、肺中分布较高;ig二苯乙烯苷后心、肾中分布较高。结论 建立了大鼠血浆及组织匀浆中二苯乙烯苷的RP-HPL C测定方法,阐明了二苯乙烯苷在大鼠体内的药动学特征及组织分布情况。方法简便快速,结果准确可靠。

HPLC法测定何首乌及复方虫草胶囊中大黄素、大黄素甲醚的含量

采用 HPL C法测定了何首乌及含首乌制剂复方虫草胶囊中游离及结合型大黄素、大黄素甲醚的含量。色谱柱 :Waters型 C1 8柱 (10μm,2 5 0 m m× 4.6 mm ) ;检测波长 :2 5 4nm;流动相 :甲醇 -水 -磷酸 (85 0∶ 15 0∶ 1) ;流速 :1m L/ min。方法简便易行 ,结果准确 ,重现性好 。

何首乌蒽醌苷类化合物抗肿瘤作用研究

目的:探讨何首乌蒽醌苷类化合物(AGPMT)的抗肿瘤作用及对化疗药物环磷酰胺(CTX)的减毒增效作用,并从免疫学角度初步探讨其作用机制。方法:建立小鼠整体前胃癌(MFC)和肉瘤(S180)移植性肿瘤模型,研究AGPMT的抗肿瘤作用及其对CTX的减毒增效作用,MTT法检测肿瘤细胞的死亡率,XTT法测定T和B淋巴细胞增殖能力;小鼠胸腺细胞增殖法测定白介素-1(IL-1)活性;中性红染色法观察小鼠脾细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)的活性。结果:AGPMT对小鼠MFC实体肿瘤和S180肉瘤均有生长抑制作用,但对体重增长没有影响。AGPMT可以增加CTX对S180荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用,同时减轻CTX对S180荷瘤小鼠外周血白细胞数减少的毒性作用。AGPMT能促进S180荷瘤小鼠的T和B淋巴细胞增殖,增加IL-1生成,适度降低TNF。结论:AGPMT具有明显的抗肿瘤作用,对CTX具有减毒增效作用,其抗肿瘤作用可能与提高机体的免疫能力有关。

何首乌乙酸乙酯不溶部分化学成分的研究

从四川何首乌（ｐｏｌｙｇｏｎｕｍｎｕｌｔｉｆｌｏｒｕｍＴｈｕｎｂ）块根乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯不溶部分分离得到五个单体，经理化常数测定，光谱（ＩＲ，ＵＶ，ＦＡＢ－ＭＳ，１ＨＮＭＲ，１３ＣＮＭＲ，１Ｈ－１３ＣＣＯＳＹ和ＮＯＥ差谱）分析及衍生物制备，确定了两个化合物的结构为新化合物。化合物Ⅰ１，３－二羟基－６，７－二甲基酮－１－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖甙，命名为何首乌乙素，化合物Ⅱ为２，３，５，４′－四羟基－二苯乙烯－２，３－二－Ｏ－β－Ｄ葡萄糖甙，命名为何首乌丙素。其余三个结晶因量少有待进一步分离、鉴定。