Polyphenolic Compound and the Degree of Browning in Processing Apple Varieties

Polyphenolic compound in processing apple （Malus domestica Borkh.） varieties and the relationship between polyphenol content and enzymatic browning were studied to provide reference for raw material selection and processing method optimization. The content of polyphenol compound in 10 processing apple varieties （4 cider and 6 juice varieties） were analyzed using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and HPLC. The degree of browning and the activities of polyphenol oxidase were also studied. The content and proportion of the polyphenol varied depending on the variety. Bitter varieties globally showed a higher polyphenol concentration than sweet or acid varieties. Proanthocyanidins, chlorogenic acid, （＋）-catechin, （-）-epicatechin were high-concentrated polyphenols in apple fruits. Phloridzin, the unique polyphenol of apple, was abundant in the bitter variety Frequin rouge fruit. Total polyphenols, proanthocyanidins, （＋）-catechin, and phloridzin had higher correlations with browning. The correlation was low between chlorogenic acid and browning. The polyphenolic profiles were correlated with the apple types. Cider apples contained more polyphenol than juice apple varieties. The content of flavan-3-ol has a close relationship with fruit browning.

Inhibitory effect of tartary buckwheat seedling extracts and associated flavonoid compounds on the polyphenol oxidase activity in potatoes(Solanum tuberosum L.)

To improve the processing quality of potatoes,phosphate buffer extract(PBE),50%ethanol(E50),and aqueous extract(AE)of tartary buckwheat seedlings were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the enzymatic browning of potatoes.The results suggest that all extracts of tartary buckwheat seedlings exert significant inhibitory effects on the polyphenol oxidase(PPO)activity in potatoes.The relative concentrations required for a 50%reduction in the PPO activity(IC50)were 0.21,0.28 and 0.41 mg mL^-1,for PBE,E50 and AE,respectively.The strongest inhibitory activity was observed for PBE,followed by E50 and AE.Four flavone compounds in the PBE of tartary buckwheat seedlings(i.e.,rutin,kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,quercetin,and kaempferol)were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography.These compounds were subsequently evaluated for their roles in the inhibition of PPO from potatoes using a model system.The results indicated that rutin exhibited the highest inhibition rate on the PPO of potato.A synergistic inhibitory effect was observed by mixing rutin,kaempferol-3-Orutinoside,quercetin,and proteins.The inhibitory patterns of rutin,kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,and quercetin on the enzyme were noncompetitive and reversible,with inhibitory constants of 0.12,0.31,and 0.40 mg mL^-1,respectively.Flavonoids from tartary buckwheat seedlings may exhibit a common mechanism with phenolic compounds,involving the blockage of the reaction of oxygen with PPO leading to the inhibition of the enzymes involved in browning.Based on these results,extracts of tartary buckwheat seedlings can be used as potent natural inhibitors.

African eggplant(Solanum anguivi Lam.)fruit with bioactive polyphenolic compounds exerts in vitro antioxidant properties and inhibits Ca^(2+)-induced mitochondrial swelling

Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of Solanum anguivi fruit(SAG)and its possible effect on mitochondrial permeability transition pore as well as mitochondrial membrane potential(△Ψ_m)isolated from rat liver.Methods:Antioxidant activity of SAG was assayed by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),reducing power,iron chelation and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation in both liver and brain homogenate of rats.Also,the effect of SAG on mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial swelling were determined.Identification and quantification of bioactive polyphenolics was done by HPLC-DAD.Results:SAG exhibited potent and concentration dependent free radical-scavenging activity(IC_(50)/DPPH=275.03±7.8μg/mL).Reductive and iron chelation abilities also increase with increase in SAG concentration.SAG also inhibited peroxidation of cerebral and hepatic lipids subjected to iron oxidative assault.SAG protected against Ca^(2+)(110μmol/L)-induced mitochondrial swelling and maintained the△Ψ_m.HPLC analysis revealed the presence of gallic acid[(17.54±0.04)mg/g],chlorogenic acid(21.90±0.02 mg/g),caffeic acid(16.64±0.01 mg/g).rutin[(14.71±0.03)mg/g]and quercetin[(7.39±0.05)mg/g].Conclusions:These effects could be attributed to the bioactive polyphenolic compounds present in the extract.Our results suggest that SAG extract is a potential source of natural antioxidants that may be used not only in pharmaceutical and food industry but also in the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress.

Accumulation of Polyphenolic Compounds and Osmolytes under Dehydration Stress and Their Implication in Redox Regulation in Four Indigenous Aromatic Rice Cultivars

Present work was undertaken to screen some drought tolerant indigenous aromatic rice cultivars(IARCs),commonly cultivated in West Bengal,India,based on their capacity to produce osmolytes,redox-sensitive phenolic acids and flavonoids,as contrivances for redox-regulation under drought stress.Polyethylene glycol induced post imbibitional dehydration stress mediated changes in redox regulatory properties of the germinating seeds of the four IARCs(Jamainadu,Tulaipanji,Sitabhog,Badshabhog),which were assessed in terms of changes in prooxidant accumulation(in-situ localization of reactive oxygen species(ROS)by confocal microscopy,DCFDA(2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate)oxidation,O2-and H2O2 accumulation),cumulative antioxidative defense(radical scavenging property and total thiol content),ROS scavenging phenolic acids(gallic acid,protocatechuic acid,gentisic acid,para-hydroxy benzoic acid,chlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,syringic acid,salicylic acid,sinapic acid and p-coumaric acid)and flavonoids(catechin,naringin,rutin,quercetin,kaempferol,myricetin and apigenin).The capability of germinating seeds to accumulate osmolytes(like glycinebetaine,proline,soluble carbohydrates and K+ion)and polyphenolic compounds was also correlated with their corresponding redox status and redox biomarkers(conjugated diene,hydroperoxide,thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and free carbonyl content)produced under the same conditions.The results in general showed that accumulation of osmolytes along with the redox-sensitive phenolics and flavonoids conferred the ability to maintain the redox homeostasis under drought stress for the tolerant IARCs(Badshabhog and Tulaipanji).

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds from Nephelium lappaceum L.(Mexican variety) husk

Objective: To reach the recovery and identification of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds from Nephelium lappaceum L.(Mexican variety) husk using ultrasound-assisted extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry as well as the in vitro antioxidant activity. Methods: Rambutan husk extracts were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction, mass/volume ratio, water/ethanol percentage and extraction time were evaluated. Once the best extraction condition of polyphenolic compounds was defined, a polyphenolic fraction was recovered using Ambetlite XAD-16. The total content of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds was determined by summation of the total hydrolysable polyphenol and total condensed polyphenol contents. Recovered compounds were identified by FTIR(ATR) spectroscopy and HPLC/ESI/MS. The antioxidant activity was carried out by ABTS, DPPH and lipid oxidation inhibition in vitro methods. Results: In Mexican variety rambutan husk, the total polyphenolic content was 487.67 mg/g, after ultrasound-assisted extraction. According to the HPLC/ESI/MS analysis 12 antioxidant polyphenolic compounds were identified, mostly ellagitannins such as geraniin, corilagin and ellagic acid. The antioxidant activity determined by ABTS, DPPH and lipid oxidation inhibition methods was demonstrated. The main functional groups of the identified compounds were determined by FTIR analysis. Conclusions: It was demonstrated that ultrasound-assisted extraction was effective and allowed the extraction and recovery of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds. Furthermore Mexican variety rambutan husk is an important source for recovering polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant activity, these compounds have potential application for the treatment/prevention of various diseases related to cancer and pathogenic microorganisms.

Predictive Models for Optimisation of Acetone Mediated Extraction of Polyphenolic Compounds from By-Product of Cider Production

Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to provide predictive models for optimisation of extraction of selected polyphenolic compounds from cider apple pomace under aqueous acetone. The design of experiment (DoE) was conducted to evaluate the influence of acetone concentration % (v/v), solid-to solvent ratio % (w/v), temperature (&#730C) and extraction time (min) and their interaction on phenolic contents, using the Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD). The experimental data were analysed to fit statistical models for recovery of phenolic compounds. The selected models were significant (P 0.05), except for Chlorogenic acid and Quercetin 3-glucoside which had significant lack of fits (P R2 > 0.9000 and adjusted? ?reasonable agrees with predicted . Coefficient of variation < 5% for each determination at the 95% confidence interval. These models could be relied upon to achieve optimal concentrations of polyphenolic compounds for applications in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.

Exploring the mechanism of hypolipidemic effect of polyphenols in wolfberry based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

To explore the mechanism of hypolipidemic action of wolfberry polyphenols by using network pharmacology and molecular docking.The active ingredients and targets of wolfberry were searched by TCMSP,and the Cytoscape 3.9.0 software was used to construct a“wolfberry component-target”network.The Gene Cards database was used to screen the hyperlipidemic targets and intersect them with the active targets of wolfberry to construct the PPI network using the STRING platform.The gene ontology(GO)function and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis of the core targets were carried out on the Metascape platform,and molecular docking of the active ingredients to the core targets was performed using AutoDockTools software.A total of 33 active ingredients and 173 potential targets of wolfberry were screened,including 99 targets related to hyperlipidemia.The results of the analysis of 99 intersecting targets with the components of wolfberry identified the core active ingredients as quercetin,glycitein and atropine.The binding of the major components of wolfberry,including the polyphenolic compounds quercetin and glycitein,as well as atropine to the key targets AKT1,IL6 and TNF may be important mechanisms for the hypolipidemic therapeutic effect.GO functional enrichment analysis involves biological processes,cellular components,and molecular functions.The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis mainly involves the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway,fluid shear stress,and TNF signaling pathway.Molecular docking validated the good binding activity of the targets to the active ingredients.The binding of atropine and the polyphenolic compounds quercetin and glycitein to the key targets AKT1,IL6 and TNF may be an important mechanism for the hypolipidemic therapeutic effect of wolfberry.

基于CNKI数据库的蔬果中多酚类化合物研究文献计量学分析

研究旨在全面了解近四十年来国内多酚类化合物的研究现状、热点和趋势。利用CiteSpace文献计量工具,对中国知网数据库(CNKI)收录的有关蔬果中多酚类化合物的研究文献进行检索,对发文者、机构、关键词绘制知识图谱进行可视化分析,直观地揭示了该研究领域的全貌以及发展热点和趋势。研究结果显示,1979—2021年间,该领域发文量总体呈波动性增长,20世纪80—90年代处于初期阶段,21世纪以来发文量快速增加,并在近年达到高峰,反映了国内学者对蔬果多酚类化合物研究的日益重视。尽管该领域的研究者分布较为分散,但部分学者间存在紧密合作。研究机构主要集中在农业高校和科研院所,成为该领域的研究主力。关键词的共现和聚类分析揭示了国内研究主要聚焦于“多酚、莲藕、类黄酮、褐变、花青素、洋葱、保鲜、品质、抗氧化”等方面。然而,近年来该领域缺乏创新性和突破性的研究热点,需要进一步的深入探究和加强合作交流。本文最后归纳出四大研究热点和趋势:(1)蔬果的褐变机理;(2)蔬果品质变化与保鲜技术;(3)多酚类化合物的提取与检测技术;(4)多酚类化合物的抗氧化及其他生物活性。以上发现为未来研究提供参考和基础,推动该领域的科学理论和实际应用发展。

茶多酚、鱼骨粉复合制剂对福瑞鲤生长性能、消化及抗氧化能力的影响

研究以福瑞鲤(Cyprinus carpio FFRC)幼鱼为研究对象,研究茶多酚、鱼骨粉制成的复合制剂(商品名“血停”)对福瑞鲤生长、体成分、抗氧化性能以及消化器官组织结构的影响。研究选取180尾健康、大小[(1.92±0.01)g]均匀的福瑞鲤,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组3个重复,对照组投喂商品饲料,试验组在商品饲料的基础上添加0.8%的复合制剂,在循环水系统下养殖8周。结果表明,添加复合制剂对福瑞鲤的生长、形体指标、体成分以及血清生化指标均无影响(P>0.05),但能显著提高福瑞鲤肠道脂肪酶活性以及肝脏和血清的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(P<0.05),对肝脏和血清的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量无影响(P>0.05);试验组福瑞鲤的肠道肌层厚度、绒毛高度显著低于对照组,绒毛宽度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);对福瑞鲤肝脏形态结构均无显著差异(P>0.05)。上述结果表明,该复合制剂对福瑞鲤的生长性能没有负面影响,可提高福瑞鲤的消化、抗氧化能力,可作为一种潜在的饲料添加剂。

β-环糊精/茶多酚包合物制备及其对涤纶织物的抗菌消臭性能

以具有空腔结构的β-环糊精(β-CD)为主体、天然抗菌剂茶多酚(TP)为客体,通过共沉淀法制备β-CD/TP包合物。利用红外光谱(FTIR)、广角X射线衍射仪(WAXD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及差示扫描量热仪(DSC)等分析技术对包合物的化学结构、相态结构、形态结构和热性能进行系统研究。通过单因素法研究包合比例、包合时间和溶液静置时间对TP包合率、产率及负载率的影响,结果表明:当β-CD与TP的包合比例为1∶1、包合时间为15 h、溶液静置时间为24 h时,包覆效果最优,包合物的产率为76.2%、包合率为29.2%、负载率为7.7%。通过化学接枝法制得具有良好抗菌消臭性能的β-CD/TP包合物/涤纶织物,当β-CD/TP包合物占织物质量的5%时,该织物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌的抑菌率分别达94.5%和92.6%,对氨气的消除率均可达99.9%。

复方茶多酚含漱液联合Vitapex糊剂根管填充治疗乳牙慢性根尖周炎患儿的效果

目的:观察复方茶多酚含漱液联合Vitapex糊剂根管填充治疗乳牙慢性根尖周炎患儿的效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年8月至2023年8月郑州大学附属儿童医院收治的74例乳牙慢性根尖周炎患儿的临床资料,根据治疗方法不同将其分为对照组和观察组各37例。对照组采用Vitapex糊剂根管填充治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合复方茶多酚含漱液治疗,比较两组治疗总有效率、治疗前后牙周指标[龈沟出血指数(SBI)、牙齿松动度(TM)、牙龈指数(GI)及牙周探诊深度(PD)]水平和疼痛程度[疼痛数字评分法(NRS)]评分。结果:观察组治疗总有效率为97.30%(36/37),高于对照组的78.38%(29/37),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组SBI、GI评分均低于对照组,TM、PD均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组NRS评分均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:复方茶多酚含漱液联合Vitapex糊剂根管填充治疗乳牙慢性根尖周炎患儿可提高治疗总有效率,降低牙周指标水平和疼痛程度评分,效果优于单纯Vitapex糊剂根管填充治疗。

茶多酚抗氧化增效及其在油脂保鲜中的应用研究进展

茶多酚(Tea Ployphenols,TP)是茶叶中重要的功效成分,在医药卫生、保健食品行业中有较广泛的应用,但因其脂溶性较差而限制了在脂类食品保鲜中的应用。目前可通过溶剂法、包埋法、酰化修饰、酶催化修饰等方法增加茶多酚脂溶性。使用复配型茶多酚抗氧化剂的抗氧化效果往往要比使用同剂量的茶多酚本身效果强,即不同抗氧化剂之间可能存在协同增效作用。茶多酚发挥其抗氧化效用主要通过与自由基结合,且可通过螯合金属离子、偶联反应等与其他抗氧化剂作用以起到协同增效的效果。通过以上复配过程,茶多酚可有效防止植物油和动物油脂酸败。文章全面综述了增强茶多酚脂溶性的常见方法并对其优缺点作出相应分析总结,分析了目前茶多酚与其他天然抗氧化剂协同增效机理,并重点阐述了其在油脂防酸败中的应用,为后续研究提供指引和参考。

Polyphenolic content, in vitro antioxidant activity and chemical composition of extract from Nephelium lappaceum L.(Mexican rambutan) husk

Objective: To determinate the recovery of total polyphenolic compounds content,in vitro antioxidant activity and HPLC/ESI/MS characterization of extract from Nephelium lappaceum L.(Mexican rambutan).Methods: The rambutan husk extract was obtained by aqueous extraction and a polyphenolic fraction was recovered using Amberlite XAD-16. The total polyphenolic compounds content was determined by the Folin Ciocalteu and butanol-HCI methods.In vitro antioxidant activity was performed using ABTS and ferric reducing antioxidant power methods.Results: Mexican rambutan husk showed a total polyphenolic content of 582 mg/g and an evident antioxidant activity by ABTS and ferric reducing antioxidant power analysis.The HPLC/ESI/MS assay allowed the identification of 13 compounds, most of which belong to ellagitannins. Geraniin, corilagin and ellagic acid were present in the sample;the mineral composition was also evaluated.Conclusions: Rambutan husk cultivated in Mexico is a promising source for the recovery of added value bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity, which have potential applications as bioactive antioxidant agents for the treatment of diseases.

Polyphenol Oxidase Inactivation by Microwave Oven and Its Effect on Phenolic Profile of Loquat (<i>Eriobotrya japonica</i>) Fruit

The objective of this research was investigated the effect of polyphenol oxidase microwave treatment on phenolic composition, antioxidant activity and microstructure of loquat fruit. Phenolic profile of methanolic extracts prepared from fresh, and microwave-treated samples were analyzed. Antioxidant activity was also evaluated by 2,2’-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS?+) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH+) methods. In addition, polyphenol oxidase inactivation was carried out using a response surface methodology to establish the optimal conditions of treatment. The phenolic content of fresh mesocarp was 311 ± 0.60 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100g dry weight (DW) and that of microwave-treated mesocarp was 1230 ± 0.36 mg GAE/100g DW. Total phenolic content of water/ methanol extract significantly increases after microwave treatment rather than methanolic extract of fresh loquat. Five glycoside phenolics were identified by HPLC-DAD-MS as 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 3-p-coumaroylquinic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid and quercetin-3-O-sambubioside. Methanolic extract of microwave-treated mesocarp showed higher antioxidant activity than that of fresh mesocarp. Thus, polyphenol oxidase inactivation by microwave energy preserved the integrity of phenolic compounds as well as antioxidant activity in mesocarp extracts prepared from loquat fruit. It was also noted that phenolics were more abundant in the microwaved samples than in the fresh samples.

Potential of polyphenols in curbing quorum sensing and biofilm formation in Gramnegative pathogens

Polyphenols are the secondary metabolic products of plants and are considered as active constituents to possess therapeutic effects.To date,a vast number of scientific literature addressed the potential of polyphenols as bio-efficient compounds owing to their structural diversity.Due to the presence of several hydroxyl groups,they are metabolized quickly due to conjugation reaction and thus,readily produce toxic metabolites as a defense material against many pathogens,reflecting their safety strategy.This review focuses on the anti-quorum sensing and biofilm inhibition activity of polyphenols,which display their potential to treat bacterial infections by combating the virulence caused by pathogenic agents.Thus,for mitigating quorum sensing-controlled pathogenesis,the use of polyphenol-based phytochemicals holds immense potential to cure infections.The application of polyphenol as sensitizing agent/adjuvant therapeutics which act in synergism with antibiotics is highly remarkable.

Improving Oxidative Stability of Polyphenolic Fraction of Apple Pomace by Encapsulation Using Naturally Occurring Polymers

Polyphenolic compounds with relatively high antioxidant activity obtained from subcritical water extraction of apple pomace were assessed for encapsulation by spray drying technique, making use of polymeric substances co-extracted with the polyphenolic compounds. Comparative assessments were carried out of the directly encapsulated subcritical water extract (SWE) products with particles formed when encapsulated with the addition of hydroxyl propyl-β-Cyclodextrin (SWE + HPβ-CD). The powders were characterized for their physico-chemical properties such as, moisture content, density, particle size, hygroscopicity to assess their suitability within cosmetic formulations. The SWE and SWE + HPβ-CD encapsulated products resulted in different physical properties. Although the particle size was less than 4 μm for both products, the direct encapsulation (SWE) was highly hygroscopic and this property was significantly reduced with addition of HPβ-Cyclodextrin (SWE + HPβ-CD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic were em-ployed to analyse the micronised powders to support evidence of encapsulation. Both techniques revealed the interaction between compounds in extract and the carrier HPβ-Cyclodextrin suggesting successful encapsulation. The effect of storage conditions on retention of antioxidant activity of the subcritical water extract was evaluated within 35 days for extracts with and without the carrier HPβ-Cyclodextrin. Hydroxyl propyl-β-Cyclodextrin offered protection against degradation of antioxidant compounds thereby potentially extending the shelf-life and making the encapsulated powder suitable for incorporation in cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications.

Natural Compound Formula RM88 Significantly Reduces Blood Alcohol Concentration in Humans

There is extensive worldwide use for the social consumption of alcohol. Abuse of alcohol causes substantial personal, psychological and medical health issues. In addition, there are significant national economic costs from lost productivity. However, there are limited pharmaceutical drugs for the treatment of alcohol overuse. Historically, many cultures have used herbs and other natural compounds to reduce problematic alcohol induced behaviour but the evidence is anecdotal. This study investigated if a natural compound formula (RM88) that was developed could reduce blood alcohol concentration (BAC) in a controlled case series. Thirteen subjects (5 males, 8 females, age range 18 to 85 years) completed 16 paired sessions of alcohol only versus RM88 with alcohol. Subjects consumed one to three standard drinks of beer, wine or spirits (14.7 to 29.4 gm alcohol). Measurements were made by a fuel cell breathalyzer for a period of 90 minutes. Summated BAC showed a reduction in 94% (15/16) of paired test sessions (BAC reduction range 23% - 79%, mean 50.9% ± 16.5%, p = 0.0005). Data normalized to 20 gm alcohol (two standard drinks) showed a significance of p = 0.00026. One subject on prednisone and hydroxychloroquine drugs had increased BAC from RM88. The average reductions of BAC for the beverages were spirits 34% (n = 3), beer 36% (n = 3), and wine 52% (n = 10). RM88 showed that this combination of natural compounds was very effective in reducing maximal peak concentrations of alcohol.

Characterization and Synthesis through Fast Phase-Transfer of Oil-Soluble Double-Coordinated Tea-Polyphenols Arsenic

Fast phase-transferring was adopted in ethanol solution at the condition of n (oil-soluble tea pol-yphenol): N (As3﹢) = 2:1, 4:1, 6:1, pH = 4.0, temperature 40&deg;C - 45&deg;C, action period of 15 h to compose the target, of which the productivity was 59%, UV was 267.50, 218.00, 220.50 nm, FTIR was 6291, 34158.6, 2850.2, 1708.2;1457.3;1370.4, 1224.2, 1144.0, 760.5 cm﹣1, fluorescence value λmax = 257, 591.1, 593.7, 590.3, 591.0, 591.5, XRD λ/nm is 3.6974, 4.186, 12.0762, 15.4747, 1H-NMRδ = 0.782, 1.193, 1.483 - 1.586, 1.959 - 2.184, 2.479, 3.116, 3.970 - 3.981, 5.231 - 5.753, 6.537 - 7.300. Finally it was ascertained through XRD as double-coordinated polycrystal compound.

可再生能源烤房的烘烤效果及废气排放

为进一步探究可再生能源烤房优势,以煤燃料烤房为对照,研究了生物质烤房、热泵烤房、醇基烤房、太阳能辅助烤房和隧道式烤房5种可再生能源烤房对烤后烟叶中常规化学成分、中性致香成分、多酚类化合物、有机酸物质、经济效益的影响及其废气排放。与煤燃料烤房相比,5种可再生能源烤房烤后烟叶中总糖、还原糖含量均有明显提升;太阳能辅助烤房、隧道式烤房、生物质烤房、热泵烤房烤后烟叶中中性致香成分含量分别提升52.11%、13.17%、6.99%、5.16%;醇基烤房、热泵烤房烤后烟叶中多酚类化合物含量分别提升25.66%、5.73%;太阳能辅助烤房、隧道式烤房的有机酸物质含量分别提升13.71%、0.89%;太阳能辅助烤房、热泵烤房和生物质烤房烤后烟叶等级均价分别提升2.42、2.27、1.05元/kg,干烟均价分别减少0.98、0.86、0.18元/kg;热泵烤房、醇基烤房、太阳能辅助烤房和隧道烤房无组织废气浓度均较小。总体来看,可再生能源烤房更符合提质增效的行业发展需要和绿色低碳的社会发展需要,尤其是太阳能辅助烤房和热泵烤房。

多酚复合配方缓解小鼠运动疲劳

目的:探究蓝靛果多酚、山楂多酚微胶囊、乳铁蛋白和维生素C复配剂对缓解疲劳的作用。方法:以肌酸、β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸钙、1,6-二磷酸果糖、牛磺酸和维生素B6、西瓜粉复配比为阳性对照进行小鼠力竭游泳试验,测定疲劳相关指标,并采用H&E染色观察脏器微观病理组织情况。结果:各组小鼠体重无显著差异(P>0.05),较正常组,膳食补充组脏器指数无显著差异(P>0.05)。多酚复合配方在常温和低温下均显著延长了小鼠游泳时长(分别延长了106.01%和140.94%)(P<0.01),改善了氧化应激、代谢产物积累和能量代谢,下调了炎症因子分泌(P<0.01或P<0.05),改善了小鼠肌肉中细胞核增多、肝脏中炎症细胞浸润和肾脏中肾小管上皮细胞红肿和脱落等状况。结论:多酚复合配方在低温和常温下均具有缓解运动疲劳的效果。