We describe common and less common diseases that can cause magnetic resonance signal abnormalities of middle cerebellar peduncles(MCP), offering a systematicapproach correlating imaging findings with clinical clues an...We describe common and less common diseases that can cause magnetic resonance signal abnormalities of middle cerebellar peduncles(MCP), offering a systematicapproach correlating imaging findings with clinical clues and pathologic mechanisms. Myelin abnormalities, different types of edema or neurodegenerative processes, can cause areas of abnormal T2 signal, variable enhancement, and patterns of diffusivity of MCP. Pathologies such as demyelinating disorders or certain neurodegenerative entities(e.g., multiple system atrophy or fragile X-associated tremor-ataxia syndrome) appear to have predilection for MCP. Careful evaluation of concomitant imaging findings in the brain or brainstem; and focused correlation with key clinical findings such as immunosuppression for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopahty; hypertension, post-transplant status or high dose chemotherapy for posterior reversible encephalopathy; electrolyte disorders for myelinolysis or suspected toxic-drug related encephalopathy; would yield an appropriate and accurate differential diagnosis in the majority of cases.展开更多
The study is based on the analysis of the design and operational path conducted by the architect Gio Ponti on ceramic materials between the late 1920s and the early 1970s,with particular attention to applications in t...The study is based on the analysis of the design and operational path conducted by the architect Gio Ponti on ceramic materials between the late 1920s and the early 1970s,with particular attention to applications in the Milanese context.Milan represents the main laboratory for experimenting with the figurative,plastic and chromatic potential of modern ceramic surfaces.The analysis of archival documentation preserved at the CSAC Archive in Parma,the Gio Ponti Archives in Milan and the Archivio Progetti at the Iuav University of Venice allows for a deeper understanding of the design path at different scales,from the design of specific lines of ceramics for industry,to their application in buildings.The second part of the analysis is aimed at tracing the conservation problems of ceramic surfaces,with the aim of highlighting both the cultural and technical aspects that are affecting the conservation of this heritage.Connected to the latter aspect is a focus on the principal deterioration phenomena of modern ceramic surfaces related to different types of substrates,providing in-depth knowledge that opens up new strategies for their conservation.展开更多
The restoration of the former PireUi Tower in Milan, which dates back to the early 1950s, is an example of various issues in approaching the ＂conservation of the new＂. This project was completed with the broad use o...The restoration of the former PireUi Tower in Milan, which dates back to the early 1950s, is an example of various issues in approaching the ＂conservation of the new＂. This project was completed with the broad use of industrial products that evoked different kinds of reflections, if only within the same planning methodology, common to all interventions of architectural restoration. This restoration constitutes an exemplary episode where only a careful and critical evaluation facilitated the understanding of which elements are important in conservation and which can be substituted or updated. This approach uses case-to-case evaluations. The conservation of ＂new＂ architecture is similar to other restoration problems, except for the closeness in time to the original works and, sometimes, with its creator. The main intervention concerns the recovery of the structure with over 10,000 m^2 of continuous aluminum and glass facade in a skyscraper designed by Italian master Gio Ponti and the repair of the damage to the reinforced concrete （RC） structures （designed by another Italian master, Pier Luigi Nervi） caused by a plane crash. The straightening and repair of the RC using entirely innovative methods and the conservation of the structures of the whole fasade also translates into financial savings. Approximately 20% of the savings is derived from the complete substitution of the curtain wall. This idea of authenticity results in a method of restoration in which all single parts may not always be replaced for every functional upgrade. This scenario is important news, especially for modern architecture that usually prefers the value of what appears to be new, showing parts that are always perfect since the time they were built. People also consider the conservation of items that were considered as merely industrial products a few years ago.展开更多
文摘We describe common and less common diseases that can cause magnetic resonance signal abnormalities of middle cerebellar peduncles(MCP), offering a systematicapproach correlating imaging findings with clinical clues and pathologic mechanisms. Myelin abnormalities, different types of edema or neurodegenerative processes, can cause areas of abnormal T2 signal, variable enhancement, and patterns of diffusivity of MCP. Pathologies such as demyelinating disorders or certain neurodegenerative entities(e.g., multiple system atrophy or fragile X-associated tremor-ataxia syndrome) appear to have predilection for MCP. Careful evaluation of concomitant imaging findings in the brain or brainstem; and focused correlation with key clinical findings such as immunosuppression for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopahty; hypertension, post-transplant status or high dose chemotherapy for posterior reversible encephalopathy; electrolyte disorders for myelinolysis or suspected toxic-drug related encephalopathy; would yield an appropriate and accurate differential diagnosis in the majority of cases.
文摘The study is based on the analysis of the design and operational path conducted by the architect Gio Ponti on ceramic materials between the late 1920s and the early 1970s,with particular attention to applications in the Milanese context.Milan represents the main laboratory for experimenting with the figurative,plastic and chromatic potential of modern ceramic surfaces.The analysis of archival documentation preserved at the CSAC Archive in Parma,the Gio Ponti Archives in Milan and the Archivio Progetti at the Iuav University of Venice allows for a deeper understanding of the design path at different scales,from the design of specific lines of ceramics for industry,to their application in buildings.The second part of the analysis is aimed at tracing the conservation problems of ceramic surfaces,with the aim of highlighting both the cultural and technical aspects that are affecting the conservation of this heritage.Connected to the latter aspect is a focus on the principal deterioration phenomena of modern ceramic surfaces related to different types of substrates,providing in-depth knowledge that opens up new strategies for their conservation.
文摘The restoration of the former PireUi Tower in Milan, which dates back to the early 1950s, is an example of various issues in approaching the ＂conservation of the new＂. This project was completed with the broad use of industrial products that evoked different kinds of reflections, if only within the same planning methodology, common to all interventions of architectural restoration. This restoration constitutes an exemplary episode where only a careful and critical evaluation facilitated the understanding of which elements are important in conservation and which can be substituted or updated. This approach uses case-to-case evaluations. The conservation of ＂new＂ architecture is similar to other restoration problems, except for the closeness in time to the original works and, sometimes, with its creator. The main intervention concerns the recovery of the structure with over 10,000 m^2 of continuous aluminum and glass facade in a skyscraper designed by Italian master Gio Ponti and the repair of the damage to the reinforced concrete （RC） structures （designed by another Italian master, Pier Luigi Nervi） caused by a plane crash. The straightening and repair of the RC using entirely innovative methods and the conservation of the structures of the whole fasade also translates into financial savings. Approximately 20% of the savings is derived from the complete substitution of the curtain wall. This idea of authenticity results in a method of restoration in which all single parts may not always be replaced for every functional upgrade. This scenario is important news, especially for modern architecture that usually prefers the value of what appears to be new, showing parts that are always perfect since the time they were built. People also consider the conservation of items that were considered as merely industrial products a few years ago.
