WORKPIECE LOCATING AND POST PROCESSING SYSTEMS ON 6-DOF CNC MILLING MACHINE

A conventional non-computerized numerical control （CNC） machine is updated by mounting a six degree-of-free （DOF） parallel mechanism on it, thus obtaining a new CNC one. The structure of this CNC milling machine is introduced, and the workpiece locating system and the post processing system of the cutter location （CL） data file are analyzed. The new machine has advantages of low costs, simple structure, good rigidity, and high precision. It is easy to be transformed and used to process the workpiece with a complex surface.

A study on fast post-processing massive data of casting numerical simulation on personal computers

When castings become complicated and the demands for precision of numerical simulation become higher,the numerical data of casting numerical simulation become more massive.On a general personal computer,these massive numerical data may probably exceed the capacity of available memory,resulting in failure of rendering.Based on the out-of-core technique,this paper proposes a method to effectively utilize external storage and reduce memory usage dramatically,so as to solve the problem of insufficient memory for massive data rendering on general personal computers.Based on this method,a new postprocessor is developed.It is capable to illustrate filling and solidification processes of casting,as well as thermal stess.The new post-processor also provides fast interaction to simulation results.Theoretical analysis as well as several practical examples prove that the memory usage and loading time of the post-processor are independent of the size of the relevant files,but the proportion of the number of cells on surface.Meanwhile,the speed of rendering and fetching of value from the mouse is appreciable,and the demands of real-time and interaction are satisfied.

Development of a Post-Processing Automation Procedure for the GPS-Based Travel Time Data Collection Technique

The travel time data collection method is used to assist the congestion management. The use of traditional sensors (e.g. inductive loops, AVI sensors) or more recent Bluetooth sensors installed on major roads for collecting data is not sufficient because of their limited coverage and expensive costs for installation and maintenance. Application of the Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in travel time and delay data collections is proven to be efficient in terms of accuracy, level of details for the data and required data collection of man-power. While data collection automation is improved by the GPS technique, human errors can easily find their way through the post-processing phase, and therefore data post-processing remains a challenge especially in case of big projects with high amount of data. This paper introduces a stand-alone post-processing tool called GPS Calculator, which provides an easy-to-use environment to carry out data post-processing. This is a Visual Basic application that processes the data files obtained in the field and integrates them into Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for analysis and representation. The results show that this tool obtains similar results to the currently used data post-processing method, reduces the post-processing effort, and also eliminates the need for the second person during the data collection.

Hybrid Post-Processing Procedure for Displacement-Based Plane Elements

In the analysis of high-rise building, traditional displacement-based plane elements are often used to get the in-plane internal forces of the shear walls by stress integration. Limited by the singular problem produced by wall holes and the loss of precision induced by using differential method to derive strains, the displacement-based elements cannot always present accuracy enough for design. In this paper, the hybrid post-processing procedure based on the Hellinger-Reissner variational principle is used for improving the stress precision of two quadrilateral plane elements. In order to find the best stress field, three different forms are assumed for the displacement-based plane elements and with drilling DOF. Numerical results show that by using the proposed method, the accuracy of stress solutions of these two displacement-based plane elements can be improved.

PREPROCESSING AND POSTPROCESSING SYSTEM FOR FINITE ELEMENT COMPUTATION

This paper discusses some aspects of finite element computation,such as the automatic generation of finite element ,refinement of mesh,process of node density, distribution of load,optimum design and the drawing of stress contour, and describes the developing process of software for a planar 8 node element.

氯乙烯光催化氟化联合合成HFC-152a和HCFC-142b后处理工艺的研究

根据氯乙烯光催化氟化联合合成HFC-152a和HCFC-142b反应产物的特点,设计了工艺成熟、流程合理的后处理工艺,并提出了各工序的技术要点。

Modal identification based on Hilbert-Huang Transform of structural response with S VD preprocessing

In recent years, Empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert spectral analysis have been combined to identify system parameters. Singular-Value Decomposition is pro- posed as a signal preprocessing technique of Hilbert-Huang Transform to extract modal parameters for closely spaced modes and low-energy components. The proposed method is applied to a simulated airplane model built in Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems software. The results demonstrate that the identified modal parameters are in good agreement with the baseline model.

基于AHP-熵权TOPSIS法的绿色商业建筑使用效果评估研究

近年来我国绿色建筑正逐步向高质量发展的阶段迈进,但运营阶段作为绿色建筑全生命周期中的重要一环却被忽视,绿色建筑的实际运行效果也不被人们所感知,因此亟需一套合理且具有针对性的绿色建筑运营评价体系来判定绿色建筑的运行效果情况,以促进绿色建筑的高质量发展。结合使用后评价方法的对比分析,选用AHP层次分析法和熵权-TOPSIS法构建一套适用于绿色商业建筑的使用效果评估模型,并选取5个湖南省绿色商业建筑进行案例调研,从指标体系筛选、不可感知度调查、权重计算和综合测评结果等方面进行比较分析,根据商业建筑运行中的关键影响要素,从绿色商业建筑设计改进策略、绿色技术应用优化、绿色建筑评价标准优化3个方面提出建议。

基于磁控溅射和电子束蒸发合成Mn-Co-Ni-O薄膜

锰钴镍氧(Mn-Co-Ni-O,MCNO)薄膜因为具有优异的负温度系数特性在近年来受到广泛关注,现采用射频磁控溅射和电子束蒸发相结合的方式,在单抛蓝宝石(Al2O3)衬底上制备MCNO薄膜,并采用一系列表征探讨了后道退火(Post Annealing,PA)温度对所制薄膜的微观结构和光学性质的影响。结果表明,随着PA温度的提高,MCNO膜的晶粒尺寸和间隔均呈现增大趋势。X射线光电子能谱结果表明,Mn3+/Mn4+的比例随着温度的升高而增大。电学和光学特性研究表明,在PA温度为850℃,条件为空气退火1 h得到的MCNO薄膜在温度范围为220~300 K范围内符合VRH模型,TCR系数良好,激活能为0.32 eV,薄膜在红外可见波段具有较高吸收率。

融合轻量化ASPP和U-Net的遥感影像烤烟种植区域提取

针对目前遥感影像中烤烟边缘识别效率低且识别精度低等问题,文章提出一种融合轻量化ASPP和U-Net框架的遥感影像烤烟种植区域提取模型。首先,该模型在U-Net编码层和解码层连接处加入轻量化空洞空间金字塔池化模块;其次,该模型将线性整流函数(Rectified Linear Unit,ReLU)替换为ReLU6激活函数,能够在低精度计算时压缩动态范围,从而使算法更具鲁棒性;最后,该模型通过采用形态学孔洞填充构建标签图后处理算法,实现分割结果优化。为验证该模型框架的有效性和适用性,文章采用无人机遥感影像作为实验数据集,构建与传统语义分割模型的对比实验以及消融实验等。实验结果表明,通过与FCN、U-Net、SegNet和DeepLabV3+等传统语义分割算法相比较,文章提出的模型获得了较好的分割效果,其像素准确率和平均交并比分别为93.7%和84.1%。此外,该模型在保证模型精度的情况下,还能够提高模型的计算速度。

基于S-PNet的触觉电阻抗成像后处理算法研究

电阻抗成像技术(EIT)因其非侵入式的特性为机器人柔性触觉传感器的压力点分布可视化提供了一种可行的方法。然而EIT逆问题具有高度的非线性和病态性,当多压力点相近时,重建图像的伪影会导致压力点间存在粘连。为解决上述问题,提出一种由特征提取、特征重建以及加强特征提取3个模块构成的S-PNet电阻抗成像后处理算法,实现对粘连压力点的分割以及形状重建。该算法使用金字塔池化结构加强特征提取,在增加极小计算量的情况下,能够提取到区分相近压力点边界的多尺度特征。采用均方根误差(RMSE)和结构相似度(SSIM)来评价后处理图像质量,实验得出RMSE的平均值为0.02,SSIM的平均值为0.97。仿真与实测结果均表明,与现有算法相比,基于S-PNet的后处理算法能够得到边界清晰且形状准确的结果。

Post-seismic relaxation process and vertical deformation following the 2008 Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, China

The post-seismic horizontal and vertical deformations following the 2008 Ms8.0 Wenchuan earth- quake are inferred from GPS and precise leveling data. The post-seismic relaxation process is measured using GPS data from campaign stations located around the Longmenshan fault, and the derived decay time constant is 12 days. The evolution of the post-seismic vertical deformation is obtained from precise leveling data measured near the surface rupture. The results demonstrate that the hanging wall is uplifting and the foot wall is subsi- ding. The amplitude of the post-seismic deformation is lower than that of the co-seismic deformation. The re- gion with the largest post-seismic displacement is located on the leveling route between Maoxian and Beichuan on the hanging wall.

Effects of Fillerwire Composition along with Different Pre- and Post-Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of AISI 4130 Welded by the GTAW Process

This research intends to find out the optimal mechanical properties of AISI 4130 steel welded by the GTAW process. Six test plates were joined by two types of filler wire with similar chemical composition to the base metal, and with lower carbon content and slightly higher alloy elements content compared to the first one. Test plates then exerted three different pre-heat and post-heat treatments on both groups. The three types of heat treatments were alternatively without pre-heat and post-heat, with pre-heat only, and finally with pre-heat and post-heat. Tensile, side bends and impact tests (for weld zone and HAZ) have been conducted. Results show that using low-carbon filler wire along with pre- and post-heat resulted in outstanding mechanical properties.

Effects of Microstructural Modification Using Friction Stir Processing on Fatigue Strength of Butt-Welded Joints for High-Strength Steels

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an effective surface-microstructure modification technique using a rotational tool to refine and homogenize microstructure of metallic materials. In this study, FSP was conducted on the surface of the heat-affected zone (HAZ), which is a region exhibiting degraded mechanical properties and shown to have microstructural changes, of butt-welded joints for two high-strength steels with tensile strength grades of 490 MPa and 780 MPa (hereafter HT490 and HT780, respectively). Inhomogeneous mixing of materials derived from weld metals and base metals (BMs) in a stir zone (SZ) produced inhomogeneous distribution of elements and microstructure depending on the set of the advancing side and retreating side in the SZs. The welded joints with FSP for HT490 exhibited higher hardness than that of the BM through whole of the SZ surface (fine polygonal ferrite grains and bainite structure with laths at the Mn-rich and Mn-poor regions, respectively). On the other hand, those for HT780 exhibited the minimum hardness value similar to that of the BM at the SZ surface (a few polygonal ferrite grains in the matrix of martensite laths). Fatigue strength increased by about 35 MPa and 15 MPa in stress amplitude at 107 cycles as fatigue limit due to FSP. Fatigue failure occurred at the BM and the SZ, respectively, in the welded joints modified by FSP for HT490 and HT780, in comparison with the HAZs in the as-welded joints for both grade steels. The difference in fatigue strength increase due to FSP and failure location between the welded joints for HT490 and HT780 can be attributed to the topmost SZ microstructures and their distribution.

Fast strength-ductility synergistically adjusting of cold spray additive manufactured Cu deposits via electric pulse processing

Electric Pulse Processing(EPP)treatment was innovatively introduced to optimize the strength and ductility of the CSAMed Cu deposits.The results show that EPP is an efficient and fast post-treatment to improve the strength and ductility(within tens of seconds).The larger the pulse current and number of pulses,the better the mechanical properties.Interestingly,this research found that when the heat input determined by pulse current and number of pulses exceeds a certain threshold(pulse current intensity is 2000 A,number of pulses is 10),increasing the number of repeat time could also effectively improve the mechanical properties.A tensile strength of 210 MPa and a ductility of 14.0%could be obtained with reasonable EPP parameters(pulse current intensity is 2000 A,number of pulses is 10,and repeat number is 2),which is similar to those of conventional annealing(e.g.,tensile strength is 272 MPa,elongation is 28.3%).The microstructure evolution analysis shows that EPP can effectively improve the bonding quality between the deposited particles by recrystallization,promote grain growth and the formation of twins,which is the main reason for the improvement of mechanical properties.

基于IMSpost下的叶轮加工五轴后处理研究与实践

五轴加工工艺不断发展的背景下,机床的后处理定制将成为核心技术之一。文章以VMC-300小型五轴机床开展五轴后处理加工研究,并以开式叶轮进行了五轴加工的工艺分析。文章分析了工装设计、加工路线等。该机床下的工艺仿真及加工验证,解决无碰撞、过切、少切等问题。本研究提高了五轴数控加工的效率和质量,为同类产品的加工及工艺提供参考。

On the horizontal distribution of algal-bloom in Chaohu Lake and its formation process

Based on the remote sensing images of algae, the present work analyzes the horizontal distribution characteristics of algal blooms in Chaohu Lake, China, which also reveals the frequency of algal blooms under different wind directions. Further, an unstructured-grid, three-dimensional finite-volume coastal ocean model （FVCOM） is applied to investigate the wind-induced currents and the transport pro- cess to explain the reason why algal blooms occur at the detected places. We first deduce the primary distribution of biomass from overlaid satellite images, and explain the formation mechanism by analyzing the pollution sources, and simulating the flow field and transportation process under prevailing wind over Chaohu Lake. And then, we consider the adjustment action of the wind on the corresponding day and develop a two-time scale approach to describe the whole formation process of algae horizontal distribution in Chaohu Lake. That is, on the longer time scale, i.e., during bloom season, prevailing wind determines the primary distribution of biomass by inducing the characteristic flow field; on the shorter time scale, i.e., on the day when bloom occurs, the wind force adjusts the primary distribution of biomass to form the final distribution of algal bloom.

PROTOTYPE SURFACE MICRO- PRECISION IN FUSED DEPOSITION MODELING PROCESS

To aim at prototype parts fabricated with fused deposition modeling （FDM） process, the problems how to improve and enhance their surface micro-precision are studied. The producing mechanism of surface roughness is explained with three aspects concretely including the principle error of rapid prototyping （RP） process, the inherent characteristics of FDM process, and some mi- cro-scratches on the surface of the extruded fiber. Based on the micro-characters of section shape of the FDM prototype, a physical model reflecting the outer shape characters is abstracted. With the physical simplified and deduced, the evaluating equations of surface roughness are acquired. According to the FDM sample parts with special design for experimental measurement, the real surface roughness values of different inclined planes are obtained. And the measuring values of surface roughness are compared with the calculation values. Furthermore, the causes of surface roughness deviation between measuring values and calculation values are respectively analyzed and studied. With the references of analytic conclusions, the measuring values of the experimental part surface are revised, and the revised values nearly accord with the calculation values. Based on the influencing principles of FDM process parameters and special post processing of FDM prototype parts, some concrete measures are proposed to reduce the surface roughness of FDM parts, and the applying effects are better.

Prediction and Analysis of Post-Treatment of Sustainable Walnut Shell/Co-PES Parts by Laser Sintering

In order to enhance the strength of sustainable walnut shell/Co-PES(WSPC)sintered parts,wax-filtrated posttreatment was carried out.The effects of treating fluid temperature,preheating time and immersion time on the bending strength of WSPC wax-filtrated parts were analyzed by single factor analysis method.To obtain an accurate model for predicting the bending strength of the WSPC wax-filtrated part,the experiments were involved by using Box-Behnken design(BBD).Main parameters,such as treating fluid temperature,preheating time and immersion time,and their interactive effects were analyzed through analysis of variance(ANOVA)and graphical contours.The results demonstrated that all parameters’direct effects were significant to bending strength of the WSPC wax-filtrated part.Its optimum value was 5.0 MPa when the treating fluid temperature of 70°C,preheating time of 50 min,and immersion time of 20 s.The predicted models effectively validated had good predicting accuracy.The WSPC wax-filtrated part using optimal processing parameters was processed by investment casting,and then the metal casting of dimensional stability and smooth surface was obtained.Investment casting was done using WSPC wax-filtrated parts under optimal process parameters and then metal parts with stable structure size and smooth surface can be obtained,which indicates that WSPC material can be used for investment casting.

A novel technique for automatic seismic data processing using both integral and local feature of seismograms

A novel technique for automatic seismic data processing using both integral and local feature of seismograms was presented in this paper. Here, the term integral feature of seismograms refers to feature which may depict the shape of the whole seismograms. However, unlike some previous efforts which completely abandon the DIAL approach, i.e., signal detection, phase identifi- cation, association, and event localization, and seek to use envelope cross-correlation to detect seismic events directly, our technique keeps following the DIAL approach, but in addition to detect signals corresponding to individual seismic phases, it also detects continuous wave-trains and explores their feature for phase-type identification and signal association. More concrete ideas about how to define wave-trains and combine them with various detections, as well as how to measure and utilize their feature in the seismic data processing were expatiated in the paper. This approach has been applied to the routine data processing by us for years, and test results for a 16 days＇ period using data from the Xinjiang seismic station network were presented. The automatic processing results have fairly low false and missed event rate simultaneously, showing that the new technique has good application prospects for improvement of the automatic seismic data processing.