Postcolonialism in Morrison' s Works——exemplified with The Bluest Eye

As the first African American woman winner of the Nobel Prize for literature,Toni Morrison is the most outstanding African-American woman author of the 20th century and the brightest star in contemporary African-American literary arena.Toni Morrison is a voluminous writer and she has published nine novels up to the present.Since 1980,her works have been getting more and more widespread attention from literary critics of the world since 1980s.The topic of postcolonialism has been the one of the focuses of Morrison' s novels.This paper is a literature review of Toni Morrison and postcolonialism in her works including the following points:a brief introduction to Morrison and her works,the research on Morrison,the post colonial theory and postcolonialism in Morrison' s works.

Interpretation of William Faulkner's Forest Triology in the Perspective of Postcolonial Ecocriticism

This paper aims to interpret Faulkner' s Forest Triology in the perspective of postcolonial eeoeritieisra and focuses on the relationship among the white settlers with nature,animals and the Indians,so as to deeply analyze the destruction of the ecology and of the American Indians life by the white settlers.The posteolonial ecoeritieal reading of the short stories help readers understand the dilemma that humans face in the process of modernization and industrialization.

Fountainhead of Postcolonial Translation Studies and Its Controlling Ideas

This paper discusses the fountainhead of postcolonial translation studies,combs the theoretical source of the rise of postcolonial studies and makes a research on interference of translation in postcolonial studies.After that,it introduces main ideas of postcolonial translation studies and efforts translation theorists have made in this field.It concludes that as a new school of translation theory,postcolonial translation studies will enjoy great promise in the future.

Postcolonialism Revisited： Representations of the Subaltern in Fadia Faqir＇s Pillars of Salt

Postcolonial theory is a well-established critical approach that addresses issues such as the quest for identity, the significance of land, homelessness, resistance, and the encounter between the colonized and the colonizers. This paper examines the postcolonial elements utilized by the Anglo-Jordanian novelist Fadia Faqir in her novel Pillars of Salt. It discusses the novel＇s themes and techniques associated with postcolonialism as a literary theory and as a critical approach. Being a postcolonial text, the novel shows the writer＇s attempt at writing back in response to the colonial past with its power structures and social hierarchies. Thematically, the novel is analyzed with special reference to such topics as the subaltern, Anglo-Jordanian ties, language, othemess, and identity. The paper also traces the continuity of postcolonial discourse in Faqir＇s novel and gives a short survey of the historical events that provide the background to the main events in this essentially postcolonial work.

The Postcolonial Meaning of Home in Nash Candelaria＇s Novel Memories of the Alhambra

Published in 1977, in the peak of Chicanismo--the social, cultural, and political movements that brought raza consciousness and profoundly influenced the creation of a modern Chicano/Chicana identity--Nash Candelaria＇s novel, Memories of the Alhambra, reflects a complex vision of the concept of home. For the two generations of Chicanos （U.S. citizens） depicted in the novel, the United States represents the site of postcolonial tensions and （b）order-ed negotiations of a postmodern Chicano/Chicana identity through ethnic reinvention. This paper aims at analyzing the postcolonial significance of the home, as a geographical, ontological, and national space, and Candelaria＇s association of the concept with a postmodern and mestizo identity.

Analysis on the Theme of The White Seal from the Postcolonial Perspective

Joseph Rudyard Kipling is the first English writer who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.The White Seal is ashort story of The Jungle Books,which is a popular book among children in the world.Recently,more and more researchers werestudying this famous writer according to his special life experience,and then,they found that in Kipling’s works,the idea of colo-nialism is obvious.This paper aims to analyze The White Seal from the Postcolonial perspective by the way of close reading.That is,to say that the white seal in the short story is a kind of symbol of west colonists,and the other seals in the short story are the sym-bols of the colonized,the process of the white seal searching the safe place for other seals is a symbol of the west colonists"moraliz-ing"and"helping"those colonized.By so,we can see that in this short story,Kipling is standing on the side of the westerns tospeak in defense of what westerns have done to the country of the third world.

The Awakening of Self: A Postcolonial Study of Initiation Theme in Miguel Street

Miguel Street is a collection of linked short stories by the Nobel Laureate V.S.Naipaul.To interpret the initiation theme inMiguel Street,this paper uses Rui Yuping’s theory structure to analyze the three major parts of the growing progress of the narra tor“I”.This paper also uses postcolonial criticism to interpret the confusing situation which“I”was in and the narrative strategy in this novel.The conclusion is that the only solution for“I”and even the whole country is to escape from the confusing situation.

Postcolonial Tragedy,Tragic Tradition and the Urgency of Tragedy Today：An Interview with Ato Quayson

Nowadays,there is a growing concern that the term tragedy has been abused to such an extent that it has lost its original significance.This interview with the Canadian literary critic Ato Quayson explores the meaning of tragedy with a postcolonial sensibility,in the tragic tradition,and under contemporary context.In the interview,Quayson elaborates his recent research on postcolonial literature and theorizations of tragedy,underscoring that the parameters of what constitutes postcolonial tragedy can only be established through a link to the Western tragic tradition.For Quayson,what allows us to transcend the limitations of humanity is our alertness to what makes us human and our preparedness to defend at the cost of our own lives the universal human desires.This is also postcolonial tragedy's significance to contemporary existence,hence the urgency of tragedy today.

On the English Translation of Shui Hu Zhuan from the Perspective of Postcolonial Translation Theory

Postcolonial translation theory holds that translation has a close connection with politics and rights,which is not only the accomplice of the colonists,but also the mighty weapon of the weak culture against the strong one. With effective translation strategies,translation can achieve decolonization to undo the harmful effects of colonization,eradicate traces of colonialism and reshape the national identity of the pre-colony. Based on this theory,especially decolonization and its strategies,this paper compares and analyzes different translation strategies of decolonization between Buck's All Men are Brothers and Shapiro 's The Outlaws of the Marsh in three layers,namely,vocabulary,syntax and culture in order to showdifferent ways of decolonization. In conclusion,both of them use foreignization,domestication and hybridization,but with different emphasis. Both translators have done their best to respect and preserve Chinese culture. In postcolonial era,we can take full advantage of translation to help spread Chinese literary and cultural treasure.

Conrad's Heart of Darkness in the View of Postcolonial Theory

As one of the most important and greatest novels of Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness, has attracted extensive attention from literature fields in the world and has always been under critics since its publication. This paper,from the perspective of Edward Said's postcolonial theory—Orientalism,aims to analyze this classical work from the following three aspects: distorted description of the nature settings in Africa, distorted description of the image of the Africans as well as the white's blame on Africa for their degeneration.

The Analysis of Diaspora Women’s Identity in Interpreter of Maladies from the Perspective of Postcolonial Feminism

The famous Indian-American female writer Jhumpa Lahiri’s Interpreter of Maladies describes the diaspora’s emotional experiences in the heterogeneous space.For three diaspora women in the novel,different characteristics are manifested for their formation of the identities due to their different life experiences:Boori Ma is a“voiceless”other;Mrs.Sen is a brave identity reconstructor;and Twinkle becomes a representative of“hybrid”identity.Compared with the former,the latter’s identity establishment presents a more positive state,conveying Jhumpa Lahiri’s longing for diaspora women to build a positive cultural female identity,and her expectation of constructing a spiritual home of multi-cultural integration.

The Third Space of Northern Ireland: An Analysis of Seamus Heaney’s Bog Poems from Postcolonial Theory

In the decade after 1969,Heaney reached the climax of his poetry composition,in which he published four volumes of poetry,Door into the Dark,Wintering Out,North and Field Work to explore the nature and origin of the hatred and violence in Northern Ireland.The thesis focuses on five representative bog poems written in the period to explain according to Homi K.Bhabha’s postcolonial theory how the bog bodies configurate the hybrid space and how it reflects the Third Space of Northern Ireland.Furthermore,the thesis argues that from the construction of the Third Space,Heaney achieves temporary harmony between his artistic and realistic responsibility.

＂All Thanks Goes to the Almighty＂ ——A Variational and Postcolonial Pragmatic Perspective on Responses to Thanks

This study examines strategies in responding to thanks by CanE （Canadian English） and CamE （Cameroon English） speakers. Based on data collected by means of a DCT （Discourse Completion Task） questionnaire, the study addresses formal, functional, situational, and interactional similarities and differences in both varieties of English. With regard to speaker strategies （Aijmer, 1996） or conventions of means, it was found that the Canadian participants mostly prefer ＂minimizing the favor＂ when responding to thanks, while the Cameroonians most frequently ＂express appreciation＂. At the level of the realization types, the findings show that patterns with ＂no problem＂ are predominant in the Canadian corpus, whereas the Cameroonian respondents rather employ patterns with ＂welcome＂. Differences can also be found in the situational distribution of the speaker strategies and their linguistic realizations as well as in the use and the length of supportive moves.

The Interpretation of Antoinette's Identity Crisis in Wide Sargasso Sea in Postcolonial Feminism

Jean Rhys' s works have been paid much attention to the women from the margin of the society and tried to explore wom-en's real identity. Wide Sargasso Sea is a typical example: it makes Antoinette's voice heard and rectifies her image. And Antoi-nette's tragedy caused by her multi-identities rises the thought-provoking theme about women in the Third World. Based on thetheory of postcolonial feminism, Antoinette's identity crisis under the power of patriarchy and colonialism will be discussed. Antoi-nette's failure of identifying herself demonstrates the plight of the Third World Women.

保罗·吉尔罗伊与二战后“英国性”的重构

第二次世界大战后,大量黑人移民的到来使英国人的传统身份和国家认同受到极大冲击,通过引入“英国性”“后殖民忧郁”和“新种族主义”等重要概念,保罗·吉尔罗伊对战后英国的种族问题进行了重新图绘。吉尔罗伊指出,狭隘的关于“英国性”的理解成了排斥他者的借口,黑人移民由此被视为“内部的敌人”。陷入“后殖民忧郁”泥沼之中的英国人无法接受帝国已衰落这一事实,将衰颓的社会现状归咎于外来移民。在吉尔罗伊看来,通过打通种族、文化和国家之间的通道,“新种族主义”开始借用一套全新的话语来对黑人移民进行排斥,这一新形式的种族主义已经变得更为隐秘。

比较法与区域国别学:三个理论陷阱

区域国别学为比较法带来新机遇,但掩藏在比较法中的理论缺陷极易在区域国别学中放大,以至给两者的发展和域外法治实践带来消极影响,这种理论缺陷表现为教条主义、后殖民主义和相对主义三个陷阱。比较法应在反思和防范这三种理论陷阱的基础上,为自身与区域国别学的良好结合寻找新的理论,形成兼采功能比较与意义比较方法,以及面向法治现代化的多元主义法律观。

贝西·黑德小说中的女性形象与身份建构——以《珍宝收藏者及其他博茨瓦纳乡村故事集》为例

博茨瓦纳女作家贝西·黑德在小说集《珍宝收藏者及其他博茨瓦纳乡村故事集》(1974)中,塑造了博茨瓦纳从殖民地走向独立建国的过程中涌现的多种女性形象。本文运用女性主义、后殖民主义理论及其他研究方法,通过考察发现,贝西·黑德在这部小说中主要描绘了3类女性形象:在守旧状态中屈从于乡村传统和殖民地压迫的女乡民;以暴力反抗男权统治、逃离家庭束缚的女囚犯;获得教育机会、学会阅读与写作的新女性。贝西·黑德借助女乡民、女囚犯和新女性等形象,描摹了博茨瓦纳女性顽强抗争、发现自我、争取权力的艰难历程。通过带有自传性的写作,她为沉默的非洲女性发声,建构了追求独立自主、具有创造力的非洲新女性身份。

后殖民视角下恩古吉对文化身份的探索

恩古吉·瓦·提安哥是非洲最重要的后殖民文学创作者之一,他的作品反映了肯尼亚茅茅运动武装斗争期间以及独立后的各种社会问题。作者恩古吉本身具备流散者的标记,他不仅遭受了肯尼亚政府的迫害,也被西方精英阶级所排斥,因此他的作品常常以不固定的视角阐述殖民时期及后殖民时代中的各种问题,具有较高的研究价值。拟以恩古吉作品的文化身份探索为主题,主要以《一粒麦种》《十字架上的魔鬼》两部作品为文本进行后殖民批评。研究以小说中的身份认同困境以及身体歧视问题为核心,针对这两个问题提出了文化身份和身体认知重建路径。

高等教育国际化理论的变革:从“影响”到“合作”

长久以来,教育一直被视为旧殖民主义实现对外扩张的有效工具之一。随着殖民主义秩序在全球范围内被逐渐瓦解,教育国际领域也发生了巨大的变化,其中文化外交和知识外交先后成为高等教育国际化理论研究的范式。对不同的国际范式进行解释,有利于国家全球化理论的形成以及为维持国际联系创造有利的条件。本文通过比较分析国际化的相关理论内容及特征,为高等院校教育国际化发展提供路径与方向。

《毕司沃斯先生的房子》中的后田园诗

文章基于后殖民生态批评理论框架,从后田园诗角度分析《毕司沃斯先生的房子》中人与自然的关系。小说中,英美等殖民国家以各种形式压迫着特立尼达,而这种压迫与对自然的压迫紧密相连。受到英美等殖民国家的影响,特立尼达人民的思想和心理在一定程度上被西方同化,他们也加入到掠夺自然的进程中。然而拥有能动性的自然会抵抗人类的意愿,通过巨大的力量向人类示威和报复。自然给人类带来死亡,也孕育着新生。自然的伟大让人类敬畏,而这种敬畏的态度也就成为人类放弃人类中心主义和改善人与自然关系的起点。