Objective To clarify the clinical features,therapeutic method and outcomes of the primary endodermal sinus tumors(ESTs)in the posterior cranial fossa.Methods The English literatures on EST in the posterior cranial fos...Objective To clarify the clinical features,therapeutic method and outcomes of the primary endodermal sinus tumors(ESTs)in the posterior cranial fossa.Methods The English literatures on EST in the posterior cranial fossa were retrieved from PubMed and reviewed.And a 4-year-old boy diagnosed with EST in our hospital was reported.The clinical manifestations,therapy,pathologic features,and prognosis of these cases were analyzed.Results Only seven cases of the ESTs in the posterior cranial fossa were enrolled in this review,including six cases searched from the PubMed and one case from our hospital.Six patients were boy and one patient’s gender was not available from the report.Ages ranged from 1 to 5 years(mean 3.14 years).The mean tumor size in our cohort was 4.4 cm.Six cases came from East Asia.Schiller-Duval bodies were found in all seven neoplasms.All tumors were positive for alpha-fetoprotein.The alpha-fetoprotein level in serum was increased to a very high level before therapy and depressed quickly after the effective chemotherapy.The mean follow-up time was 24.4 months(range 5-52 months).Six tumors were totally removed,and four of them recurred.Three cases died including one whose tumor was partially removed.Conclusions The serum alpha-fetoprotein level is well correlated with the severity of the tumor.A combination of operation and chemotherapy might be the effective management for EST in the posterior cranial fossa.The prognosis of extragonadal intracranial EST is poor.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To analyze and discuss about the clinicalcharacteristics, pathological types, surgical modalities andtechniques, and postoperative complications in children withtumor of posterior cranial fossa .METHODS Retr...OBJECTIVE To analyze and discuss about the clinicalcharacteristics, pathological types, surgical modalities andtechniques, and postoperative complications in children withtumor of posterior cranial fossa .METHODS Retrospective study was conducted on 102 cases ofpediatric tumor of posterior cranial fossa, admitted and treated inour hospital during the period of January 1996 to January 2007.All patients underwent microscopic surgical treatment. Fifty-eight were male and 44 cases were female. The age ranged from 9months to 14 years old, with an average of 6.1 ± 0.5 of age. CranialCT or MRI examination was conducted before and after thesurgery on all patients.RESULTS The primary manifestations for this group of patientswere increased intracranial pressure and/or ataxia. Postoperativepathological diagnoses showed: 46 cases of medulloblastoma, 43cases of astrocytoma, 11 cases of ependymoma (including 1 caseof degenerative ependymoma), 1 case of dermoid cyst, and 1 caseof teratoma. In this group of the patients, radical surgery wasused in 68 cases and subtotal surgical removal used in 31 cases,while surgical removal of large section was performed on 3 cases.There were no deaths from surgery reported. Ninety-one casesshowed significant symptomatic improvement when comparedwith preoperative conditions, while 11 cases showed either noimprovement or more severely affected afterward. For 6 cases,postoperative ventriculoperitoneal shunt was performed within7 days to 2 months after the surgery. Sixty-three patients gainedfollow-up for 3 to 60 months in duration. Thirty-nine patientsregained normal life and were able to learn well, while there were7 patients who could not live normally on their own. During thefollow-up period, there were 17 cases of recurrence and 7 casesof death. In 23 cases of medulloblastoma in children with age of3 years old or above, 2 cases who underwent surgical removal ofintracranial ependymoma received small dosage of postoperativeX-ray radiotherapy on the the brain and spinal cord. Nine casesof medulloblastoma in children under age of 3 and 17 cases ofastrocytoma diagnosed after the surgery received chemotherapyof Carmustine.CONCLUSION Medulloblastomas and astrocytomas werethe most common types of pediatric tumor of posterior cranialfossa, right followed by ependymoma, and dermoid cysts andteratomas were rare. Early correct diagnosis, proper selection ofappropriate surgical modality and the surgical margin, propertreatment of postoperative complications, and the selecting rightradiotherapy or chemotherapy were the key factors in influencingthe prognostic outcome of children with tumor of posterior cranialfossa.展开更多
PURPOSE:To review the efficacy and patterns of failure in average-risk medulloblastoma patients treated withconcurrent chemotherapy and reduced-dose cranial spinal irradiation and a conformal tumor bed boost.METH-ODS ...PURPOSE:To review the efficacy and patterns of failure in average-risk medulloblastoma patients treated withconcurrent chemotherapy and reduced-dose cranial spinal irradiation and a conformal tumor bed boost.METH-ODS AND MATERIALS:Thirty-three patients with average risk(defined as<==1.5 cm(2)of residual tumorafter resection,age>3 years,and no involvement of the cerebrospinal fluid or spine)medulloblastoma werediagnosed at our institution between January 1994 and December 2001.They were enrolled in an institutional展开更多
目的：建立中、晚期妊娠胎儿后颅窝池宽度（width of posterior cranial fossa，WPCF）的超声检测参考值，探讨WPCF与胎儿畸形及染色体异常的关系。方法：常规经腹超声检测妊娠14～41周2848例胎儿WPCF，并随访至胎儿出生后。结果：接受...目的：建立中、晚期妊娠胎儿后颅窝池宽度（width of posterior cranial fossa，WPCF）的超声检测参考值，探讨WPCF与胎儿畸形及染色体异常的关系。方法：常规经腹超声检测妊娠14～41周2848例胎儿WPCF，并随访至胎儿出生后。结果：接受检测的2848例胎儿中，正常2772例，出生缺陷儿76例。发现正常胎儿WPCF在32周之前随孕周增加而增宽，33周之后随孕周的增加而缩窄。最大宽度为13．4mm；正常胎儿WPCF≥8mm发生率占8．84％，畸形儿占17．46％，畸形儿发生率明显高于正常儿。大部分染色体异常胎儿在中期妊娠时WPCF正常，至晚期妊娠时部分明显增宽。部分畸形胎儿如脑积水、典型Dandy—Walker综合症等WPCF明显增宽。结论：WPCF随孕周而变化，32周之前随孕周的增加而增宽，但33周之后随孕周的增加而变窄，29～32周最易检测。部分染色体异常和／或某些先天畸形胎儿妊晚期WPCF明显增宽。中晚期妊娠时WPCF≥10mm时应密切随访，WPCF≥14mm者应建议做产前诊断。展开更多
文摘Objective To clarify the clinical features,therapeutic method and outcomes of the primary endodermal sinus tumors(ESTs)in the posterior cranial fossa.Methods The English literatures on EST in the posterior cranial fossa were retrieved from PubMed and reviewed.And a 4-year-old boy diagnosed with EST in our hospital was reported.The clinical manifestations,therapy,pathologic features,and prognosis of these cases were analyzed.Results Only seven cases of the ESTs in the posterior cranial fossa were enrolled in this review,including six cases searched from the PubMed and one case from our hospital.Six patients were boy and one patient’s gender was not available from the report.Ages ranged from 1 to 5 years(mean 3.14 years).The mean tumor size in our cohort was 4.4 cm.Six cases came from East Asia.Schiller-Duval bodies were found in all seven neoplasms.All tumors were positive for alpha-fetoprotein.The alpha-fetoprotein level in serum was increased to a very high level before therapy and depressed quickly after the effective chemotherapy.The mean follow-up time was 24.4 months(range 5-52 months).Six tumors were totally removed,and four of them recurred.Three cases died including one whose tumor was partially removed.Conclusions The serum alpha-fetoprotein level is well correlated with the severity of the tumor.A combination of operation and chemotherapy might be the effective management for EST in the posterior cranial fossa.The prognosis of extragonadal intracranial EST is poor.
文摘OBJECTIVE To analyze and discuss about the clinicalcharacteristics, pathological types, surgical modalities andtechniques, and postoperative complications in children withtumor of posterior cranial fossa .METHODS Retrospective study was conducted on 102 cases ofpediatric tumor of posterior cranial fossa, admitted and treated inour hospital during the period of January 1996 to January 2007.All patients underwent microscopic surgical treatment. Fifty-eight were male and 44 cases were female. The age ranged from 9months to 14 years old, with an average of 6.1 ± 0.5 of age. CranialCT or MRI examination was conducted before and after thesurgery on all patients.RESULTS The primary manifestations for this group of patientswere increased intracranial pressure and/or ataxia. Postoperativepathological diagnoses showed: 46 cases of medulloblastoma, 43cases of astrocytoma, 11 cases of ependymoma (including 1 caseof degenerative ependymoma), 1 case of dermoid cyst, and 1 caseof teratoma. In this group of the patients, radical surgery wasused in 68 cases and subtotal surgical removal used in 31 cases,while surgical removal of large section was performed on 3 cases.There were no deaths from surgery reported. Ninety-one casesshowed significant symptomatic improvement when comparedwith preoperative conditions, while 11 cases showed either noimprovement or more severely affected afterward. For 6 cases,postoperative ventriculoperitoneal shunt was performed within7 days to 2 months after the surgery. Sixty-three patients gainedfollow-up for 3 to 60 months in duration. Thirty-nine patientsregained normal life and were able to learn well, while there were7 patients who could not live normally on their own. During thefollow-up period, there were 17 cases of recurrence and 7 casesof death. In 23 cases of medulloblastoma in children with age of3 years old or above, 2 cases who underwent surgical removal ofintracranial ependymoma received small dosage of postoperativeX-ray radiotherapy on the the brain and spinal cord. Nine casesof medulloblastoma in children under age of 3 and 17 cases ofastrocytoma diagnosed after the surgery received chemotherapyof Carmustine.CONCLUSION Medulloblastomas and astrocytomas werethe most common types of pediatric tumor of posterior cranialfossa, right followed by ependymoma, and dermoid cysts andteratomas were rare. Early correct diagnosis, proper selection ofappropriate surgical modality and the surgical margin, propertreatment of postoperative complications, and the selecting rightradiotherapy or chemotherapy were the key factors in influencingthe prognostic outcome of children with tumor of posterior cranialfossa.
文摘PURPOSE:To review the efficacy and patterns of failure in average-risk medulloblastoma patients treated withconcurrent chemotherapy and reduced-dose cranial spinal irradiation and a conformal tumor bed boost.METH-ODS AND MATERIALS:Thirty-three patients with average risk(defined as<==1.5 cm(2)of residual tumorafter resection,age>3 years,and no involvement of the cerebrospinal fluid or spine)medulloblastoma werediagnosed at our institution between January 1994 and December 2001.They were enrolled in an institutional
文摘目的：建立中、晚期妊娠胎儿后颅窝池宽度（width of posterior cranial fossa，WPCF）的超声检测参考值，探讨WPCF与胎儿畸形及染色体异常的关系。方法：常规经腹超声检测妊娠14～41周2848例胎儿WPCF，并随访至胎儿出生后。结果：接受检测的2848例胎儿中，正常2772例，出生缺陷儿76例。发现正常胎儿WPCF在32周之前随孕周增加而增宽，33周之后随孕周的增加而缩窄。最大宽度为13．4mm；正常胎儿WPCF≥8mm发生率占8．84％，畸形儿占17．46％，畸形儿发生率明显高于正常儿。大部分染色体异常胎儿在中期妊娠时WPCF正常，至晚期妊娠时部分明显增宽。部分畸形胎儿如脑积水、典型Dandy—Walker综合症等WPCF明显增宽。结论：WPCF随孕周而变化，32周之前随孕周的增加而增宽，但33周之后随孕周的增加而变窄，29～32周最易检测。部分染色体异常和／或某些先天畸形胎儿妊晚期WPCF明显增宽。中晚期妊娠时WPCF≥10mm时应密切随访，WPCF≥14mm者应建议做产前诊断。
