Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the main causes of maternal mortality, mainly in underdeveloped countries. Deaths are mostly preventable, and are related to socioeconomic development, organization of healt...Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the main causes of maternal mortality, mainly in underdeveloped countries. Deaths are mostly preventable, and are related to socioeconomic development, organization of health services and professional training. Objective: To systematize alerts for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. Method: This is a technical essay developed from reflections on previously produced and published texts about maternal mortality and has hemorrhage as the focus of this study. Results: It presents the concept, classification of hemorrhage, risk factors and their classification, prevention strategies, universal recommendations, pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions when hemorrhage already exists, bleeding assessment techniques;clinical evaluation, by laboratory examination and by shock index. Conclusions: Hemorrhage is a preventable cause of maternal death through the accomplishment of multiple care. Hospital care must be conducted by qualified professionals and in adequate numbers. The risk diagnosis must be carried out during prenatal care with the recording of clinical data accessible in the health care network. All references studied are not specific to nursing, as hemorrhage prevention requires multidisciplinary action.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of carbetocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine inertia.Methods: A total of 256 puerpera with single full-term delivery who were admitted in our hospital from May, 2...Objective:To explore the effect of carbetocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine inertia.Methods: A total of 256 puerpera with single full-term delivery who were admitted in our hospital from May, 2015 to May, 2016 were included in the study and divided into the vaginal delivery group and cesarean section group with 128 cases in each group according to the delivery ways. According to the medication, each group was divided into the carbetocin group and oxytocin group with 64 cases in each group. After fetus delivery, the puerpera in the carbetocin group were given intravenous injection of carbetocin (100μg), while the puerpera in the oxytocin group were given intravenous injection of oxytocin (10 U)+0.9% NaCl (500 mL) for 2 h. The amount of bleeding at delivery, 2 h and 24 h after delivery in each group was observed. A volume of 5 mL elbow venous blood before delivery and 24 h after delivery was extracted. The automatic blood cell analyzer was used to detect the decreased value of 24 h hemoglobin in each group. The coagulation detector was used to detect PT, APTT, and FIB before delivery and 24 h after delivery. The blood pressure and heart rate before and after medication in each group were observed.Results: The amount of bleeding at delivery, 2 h and 24 h after delivery in the carbetocin group was signiifcantly less than that in the oxytocin group (P<0.05). The decreased value of 24 h hemoglobin after delivery in the carbetocin group was signiifcantly less than that in the oxytocin group (P<0.05). The indicators of coagulation function 24 h after delivery in each group were not signiifcantly changed (P>0.05). The heart rate and blood pressure after medication in each group were not significantly changed when compared with before medication (P>0.05).Conclusions:Carbetocin can effectively prevent the postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine inertia, and is safe and effective in application of vaginal delivery and cesarean section;therefore, it deserves to be widely recommended in the clinic.展开更多
肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)是我国重点防治的乙类传染病,曾在我国广泛流行,给人民群众健康带来严重威胁。多年来,在政府主导多部门通力协作全面落实综合防控措施的背景下,HFRS得到有效控制,发病总体...肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)是我国重点防治的乙类传染病,曾在我国广泛流行,给人民群众健康带来严重威胁。多年来,在政府主导多部门通力协作全面落实综合防控措施的背景下,HFRS得到有效控制,发病总体上进入低水平波动期,但累及地区却在扩大,新的疫源地仍在出现,部分疫源地疫情时有反复,防控工作面临新的形势。进一步巩固防控成果,降低发病率和病死率,仍是当前公共卫生系统亟待解决的挑战之一。为此,本文介绍了HFRS的病原学特征,结合既往疫情资料分析了我国当前HFRS的流行特点,总结了我国HFRS的防控策略与措施,以期为新形势下我国HFRS的防控工作提供有益参考。展开更多
目的探讨预见性护理联合AIDET沟通对产妇产后出血的预防及对血流动力学的影响,以有效控制产妇产后出血,稳定产妇分娩期间的生命体征稳定。方法选取92例濮阳市妇幼保健院2019年1月-2022年9月进行分娩的初产妇作为研究对象,均为单胎头位,...目的探讨预见性护理联合AIDET沟通对产妇产后出血的预防及对血流动力学的影响,以有效控制产妇产后出血,稳定产妇分娩期间的生命体征稳定。方法选取92例濮阳市妇幼保健院2019年1月-2022年9月进行分娩的初产妇作为研究对象,均为单胎头位,按照分娩期间的护理方法不同分为观察组和对照组,各46例。两组均实施阴道或剖宫产分娩,同时对照组实施产科常规护理管理,观察组则在对照组的基础上实施预见性护理联合AIDET沟通进行护理管理。护理结束后,统计2组产妇产后2 h、24 h的出血量,并统计产后出血的发生率;监测2组产妇产前和产后24 h的血流动力学指标,包括收缩压和舒张压,以及心率水平;评估产妇产前和产后24 h的焦虑评分和自我效能感评分;统计产后产妇出现的并发症情况。结果2组产妇产后2h-24h出血量逐渐升高,观察组低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组产后出血率为4.35%(2/46),较对照组17.39%(8/46)降低(P<0.05)。产后24 h 2组产妇的收缩压和舒张压降低(P<0.05),心率加快(P<0.05),但是观察组的血压更高,心率更低(P<0.05)。与产前比较,产后24 h 2组SAI评分降低(P<0.05),GESE评分总分升高(P<0.05),且观察组GESE评分低于对照组(P<0.05),GESE评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组尿潴留、阴道血肿、感染例数少于对照组,但是发生率与对照组无明显差异(P>0.05),观察组并发症少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对于进行分娩的初产妇,在常规产科护理模式的基础上,应用预见性护理联合AIDET沟通进行护理管理能够有助于预防产后出血,产妇分娩期间的血流动力学更稳定,自我效能感更高,进而有助于提高产妇产后生活质量。展开更多
文摘Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the main causes of maternal mortality, mainly in underdeveloped countries. Deaths are mostly preventable, and are related to socioeconomic development, organization of health services and professional training. Objective: To systematize alerts for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. Method: This is a technical essay developed from reflections on previously produced and published texts about maternal mortality and has hemorrhage as the focus of this study. Results: It presents the concept, classification of hemorrhage, risk factors and their classification, prevention strategies, universal recommendations, pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions when hemorrhage already exists, bleeding assessment techniques;clinical evaluation, by laboratory examination and by shock index. Conclusions: Hemorrhage is a preventable cause of maternal death through the accomplishment of multiple care. Hospital care must be conducted by qualified professionals and in adequate numbers. The risk diagnosis must be carried out during prenatal care with the recording of clinical data accessible in the health care network. All references studied are not specific to nursing, as hemorrhage prevention requires multidisciplinary action.
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of carbetocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine inertia.Methods: A total of 256 puerpera with single full-term delivery who were admitted in our hospital from May, 2015 to May, 2016 were included in the study and divided into the vaginal delivery group and cesarean section group with 128 cases in each group according to the delivery ways. According to the medication, each group was divided into the carbetocin group and oxytocin group with 64 cases in each group. After fetus delivery, the puerpera in the carbetocin group were given intravenous injection of carbetocin (100μg), while the puerpera in the oxytocin group were given intravenous injection of oxytocin (10 U)+0.9% NaCl (500 mL) for 2 h. The amount of bleeding at delivery, 2 h and 24 h after delivery in each group was observed. A volume of 5 mL elbow venous blood before delivery and 24 h after delivery was extracted. The automatic blood cell analyzer was used to detect the decreased value of 24 h hemoglobin in each group. The coagulation detector was used to detect PT, APTT, and FIB before delivery and 24 h after delivery. The blood pressure and heart rate before and after medication in each group were observed.Results: The amount of bleeding at delivery, 2 h and 24 h after delivery in the carbetocin group was signiifcantly less than that in the oxytocin group (P<0.05). The decreased value of 24 h hemoglobin after delivery in the carbetocin group was signiifcantly less than that in the oxytocin group (P<0.05). The indicators of coagulation function 24 h after delivery in each group were not signiifcantly changed (P>0.05). The heart rate and blood pressure after medication in each group were not significantly changed when compared with before medication (P>0.05).Conclusions:Carbetocin can effectively prevent the postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine inertia, and is safe and effective in application of vaginal delivery and cesarean section;therefore, it deserves to be widely recommended in the clinic.
文摘肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)是我国重点防治的乙类传染病,曾在我国广泛流行,给人民群众健康带来严重威胁。多年来,在政府主导多部门通力协作全面落实综合防控措施的背景下,HFRS得到有效控制,发病总体上进入低水平波动期,但累及地区却在扩大,新的疫源地仍在出现,部分疫源地疫情时有反复,防控工作面临新的形势。进一步巩固防控成果,降低发病率和病死率,仍是当前公共卫生系统亟待解决的挑战之一。为此,本文介绍了HFRS的病原学特征,结合既往疫情资料分析了我国当前HFRS的流行特点,总结了我国HFRS的防控策略与措施,以期为新形势下我国HFRS的防控工作提供有益参考。
文摘目的探讨预见性护理联合AIDET沟通对产妇产后出血的预防及对血流动力学的影响,以有效控制产妇产后出血,稳定产妇分娩期间的生命体征稳定。方法选取92例濮阳市妇幼保健院2019年1月-2022年9月进行分娩的初产妇作为研究对象,均为单胎头位,按照分娩期间的护理方法不同分为观察组和对照组,各46例。两组均实施阴道或剖宫产分娩,同时对照组实施产科常规护理管理,观察组则在对照组的基础上实施预见性护理联合AIDET沟通进行护理管理。护理结束后,统计2组产妇产后2 h、24 h的出血量,并统计产后出血的发生率;监测2组产妇产前和产后24 h的血流动力学指标,包括收缩压和舒张压,以及心率水平;评估产妇产前和产后24 h的焦虑评分和自我效能感评分;统计产后产妇出现的并发症情况。结果2组产妇产后2h-24h出血量逐渐升高,观察组低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组产后出血率为4.35%(2/46),较对照组17.39%(8/46)降低(P<0.05)。产后24 h 2组产妇的收缩压和舒张压降低(P<0.05),心率加快(P<0.05),但是观察组的血压更高,心率更低(P<0.05)。与产前比较,产后24 h 2组SAI评分降低(P<0.05),GESE评分总分升高(P<0.05),且观察组GESE评分低于对照组(P<0.05),GESE评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组尿潴留、阴道血肿、感染例数少于对照组,但是发生率与对照组无明显差异(P>0.05),观察组并发症少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对于进行分娩的初产妇,在常规产科护理模式的基础上,应用预见性护理联合AIDET沟通进行护理管理能够有助于预防产后出血,产妇分娩期间的血流动力学更稳定,自我效能感更高,进而有助于提高产妇产后生活质量。
