Objectives: To examine a conceptual model of posttraumatic growth (PTG) with the inclusion of family resilience as a mediator,and social support,individual resilience,maternal care,and family members' intimacy aft...Objectives: To examine a conceptual model of posttraumatic growth (PTG) with the inclusion of family resilience as a mediator,and social support,individual resilience,maternal care,and family members' intimacy after trauma as protective factors.Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was carried out in a sample of 134 college nursing students who had a parent with a non-congenital disability.The Socio-demographic Information Questionnaire,the Chinese version of Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS),10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC10),Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI),Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS) and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) were used to collect data.Results: Results showed that social support,individual resilience,maternal care,and family members' intimacy after trauma positively predicted family resilience (β=0.41,0.20,0.20,0.22,all P<0.01),respectively,and indirectly predicted PTG through family resilience.Family resilience positively predicted PTG (β =0.25,P < 0.01).Moreover,individual resilience directly positively predicted PTG (β =0.25,P < 0.001).Conclusions: Family resilience could facilitate PTG in nursing students in the face of parental disability.Interventions to promote PTG among college nursing students who have experienced parental disability should consider individual or family resilience-based intervention.展开更多
Introduction: Grief is considered to be negative manifestations of affect, cognition, and behavior. However, persons who experience grief have also reported enduring positive outcomes in such domains as interpersonal ...Introduction: Grief is considered to be negative manifestations of affect, cognition, and behavior. However, persons who experience grief have also reported enduring positive outcomes in such domains as interpersonal relationships, personal strengths, and life perspectives. This review evaluated current measures of grief to determine if such positive outcomes can be adequately assessed. Methods: The Texas Revised Inventory of Grief, Grief Experience Inventory, Bereavement Phenomenology Questionnaire, Core Bereavement Items, Continuing Bonds Scale, and Hogan Grief Reaction Checklist (currently the most common measures of grief) are reviewed. Results: Only one of the reviewed measures assessed posttraumatic growth as a component of grief (i.e., Hogan Grief Reaction Checklist). Conclusion: Since posttraumatic growth and negative psychological adjustment after traumatic events can coexist, it is important that measures of grief used in both clinical and research domains allow an assessment of positive response.展开更多
BACKGROUND Studies have indicated that childhood exposure to domestic violence is a common factor in posttraumatic growth(PTG)and posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD),but it is unclear whether PTG and PTSD share a comm...BACKGROUND Studies have indicated that childhood exposure to domestic violence is a common factor in posttraumatic growth(PTG)and posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD),but it is unclear whether PTG and PTSD share a common/different underlying mechanism.AIM To explore the common/different underlying mechanism of PTG and PTSD.METHODS Between February 12 and 17,2020,a nationwide cross-sectional online survey was conducted in China among 2038 university students,and a self-administered questionnaire was used for the data collection.The data included demographic characteristics,such as age,gender,and subjective social economic status,and childhood exposure to domestic violence scale that was selected from the Chinese version of revised Adverse Childhood Experiences Question,Self-compassion Scale,Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale,Posttraumatic Growth Inventory,and the Abbreviated PTSD Checklist-Civilian version.A structural equation model was used to test the hypotheses.RESULTS Exposure to domestic violence was significantly associated with PTG and PTSD via a 1-step indirect path of self-compassion(PTG:β=-0.023,95%CI:-0.44 to-0.007;PTSD:β=0.008,95%CI:0.002,0.014)and via a 2-step indirect path from self-compassion to resilience(PTG:β=-0.008,95%CI:-0.018 to-0.002;PTSD:β=0.013,95%CI:0.004-0.024).However,resilience did not mediate the relationship between exposure to domestic violence and PTG and PTSD.CONCLUSION PTG and PTSD are common results of childhood exposure to domestic violence,which may be influenced by self-compassion and resilience.展开更多
Objectives:The present study compared the prevalence and psychosocial factors affecting posttraumatic growth(PTG),posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD),and psychological distress in nurses,physicians,and medical student...Objectives:The present study compared the prevalence and psychosocial factors affecting posttraumatic growth(PTG),posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD),and psychological distress in nurses,physicians,and medical students.Materials and Methods:In a cross‑sectional study,three groups of medical staff including nurses(n=57),physicians(n=40),and medical students(n=34)who were responsible for the care/treatment of COVID‑19 patients admitted to a general hospital for 4 months responded to Posttraumatic Growth Inventory,Brief Symptom Inventory‑18,Resilience Questionnaire,PTSD Screen,and Social Capital‑Integrated Questionnaire.Results:After the exposure of medical staff to at least 4 months of treatment/care of COVID‑19 patients,PTG prevalence was higher than PTSD(38.2%vs.14.6%),but they experienced some degrees of psychological distress(65.5%).The nurses had 8.33(confidence interval[CI]:2.5–26.7)times higher PTG rate than medical students(P<0.001).Physicists also experienced 5.00(CI:1.4–26.7)times higher PTG than medical students(P<0.001).PTG was aided by age,married status,strong resilience,and high social capital,but gender had no influence.Resilience played an important protective role to prevent the incidence of psychological distress in nurses,medical students,and physicians.Conclusion:Despite the fact that the PTSD and psychological distress were same in the three groups of medical staff,the nurses had a greater rate of PTG than physicians and medical students.展开更多
Objective: To identify the moderating effects of cognitive reappraisal(CR) and expressive suppression(ES) on the relationship between posttraumatic stress(PTS) symptoms and posttraumatic growth(PTG) in university stud...Objective: To identify the moderating effects of cognitive reappraisal(CR) and expressive suppression(ES) on the relationship between posttraumatic stress(PTS) symptoms and posttraumatic growth(PTG) in university students. Methods: The survey included 1 987 Chinese university students who completed questionnaires on PTS symptoms in February 2020, with three follow-up surveys at two-month intervals until August 2020. We assessed CR and ES at February 2020 and PTG at August 2020. Growth mixture modeling was used to classify the PTS symptom trajectories. Multinomial logistic regression was used to recognize the predictors of class membership. The relationships among PTS symptoms, CR, ES, and PTG were examined using multi-group path analysis.Results: Sex, SARS-Co V-2 infection of a family member or friend, number of siblings, CR, and ES were significantly associated with PTS symptoms. Three latent classes were identified: ‘Increasing PTS’(n=205, 10.0%) who had rapid deterioration of PTS symptoms, ‘Moderate PTS’(n=149, 8.0%) who had a high level of PTS symptoms at the beginning and slightly increasing, and ‘Persistent Minimal PTS’(n=1 633, 82.0%), who had slow resolution of PTS symptoms over time. Male, SARS-Co V-2 infection of a family member or friend, and having a lower CR and a higher ES, were more likely to have ‘Increasing PTS’. PTS at February 2020 predicted PTG only in ‘Increasing PTS’ class, and both CR and ES had moderating effects on the conversion between them.Conclusions: Most students recovered from posttraumatic stress of COVID-19 pandemic, but a small proportion expeienced increasing PTS symptoms, and those with this condition may benefit from emotional regulation intervention.展开更多
In the context of traumatic stress, the dominant discourse has mainly focused on distress, thus undermining the role that eustress has in traumatic experiences. One of the few exceptions to this has been the research ...In the context of traumatic stress, the dominant discourse has mainly focused on distress, thus undermining the role that eustress has in traumatic experiences. One of the few exceptions to this has been the research on posttraumatic growth, which has generated much interest since its beginning. There is an increasing interest in posttraumatic growth in various cultures and hence an expansion of the measure, the Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), into various languages. This article is the first to perform a rigorous investigation of the psychometric properties of the PTGI, including the scale and subscale reliability, inter-item and subscale correlations, and using a CFA approach. The properties are established with a French translation using two populations of caregivers: those bereaved by HIV/AIDS and parents who are caring for a child with a life-limiting illness. These properties were determined for both the original 21 item scale as well as the shortened version.展开更多
目的探讨急诊重症监护室(emergency intensive care unit,EICU)住院患者家属创伤后成长的影响因素及其与社会支持水平的相关性。方法选择2020年6月—2023年6月南通大学附属医院EICU 80名住院患者的家属作为研究对象。采用创伤后成长评...目的探讨急诊重症监护室(emergency intensive care unit,EICU)住院患者家属创伤后成长的影响因素及其与社会支持水平的相关性。方法选择2020年6月—2023年6月南通大学附属医院EICU 80名住院患者的家属作为研究对象。采用创伤后成长评定量表以及社会支持评定量表评价EICU住院患者家属创伤后成长水平及社会支持水平。分析患者家属创伤后成长水平与社会支持水平的相关性,并对患者家属创伤后成长水平的影响因素进行单因素、多因素logistic回归分析。结果80名EICU住院患者家属创伤后成长水平评分为(60.53±13.02)分,其中得分最高维度为与他人关系,其次为个人力量。经单因素分析可见,患者家属不同性别、学历、与患者关系、急性生理学和慢性健康状况评价Ⅱ(acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ,APACHEⅡ)评分的创伤后成长水平评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。家属社会支持水平评分均低于国内常模(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析,EICU住院患者家属创伤后成长水平与社会支持水平呈正相关(P<0.05)。经多因素分析可见,性别、学历、患者APACHEⅡ评分与社会支持水平是ICU住院患者家属创伤后成长的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论性别、学历、患者APACHEⅡ评分与社会支持水平是EICU住院患者家属创伤后成长的影响因素,临床应增强对患者家属关注度,积极鼓励家属缓解负面情绪,提升创伤后成长水平。展开更多
基金This study did not receive grant support.Our thanks are extended to all of the participants in this study and to the universities for their support with recruitment
文摘Objectives: To examine a conceptual model of posttraumatic growth (PTG) with the inclusion of family resilience as a mediator,and social support,individual resilience,maternal care,and family members' intimacy after trauma as protective factors.Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was carried out in a sample of 134 college nursing students who had a parent with a non-congenital disability.The Socio-demographic Information Questionnaire,the Chinese version of Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS),10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC10),Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI),Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS) and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) were used to collect data.Results: Results showed that social support,individual resilience,maternal care,and family members' intimacy after trauma positively predicted family resilience (β=0.41,0.20,0.20,0.22,all P<0.01),respectively,and indirectly predicted PTG through family resilience.Family resilience positively predicted PTG (β =0.25,P < 0.01).Moreover,individual resilience directly positively predicted PTG (β =0.25,P < 0.001).Conclusions: Family resilience could facilitate PTG in nursing students in the face of parental disability.Interventions to promote PTG among college nursing students who have experienced parental disability should consider individual or family resilience-based intervention.
文摘Introduction: Grief is considered to be negative manifestations of affect, cognition, and behavior. However, persons who experience grief have also reported enduring positive outcomes in such domains as interpersonal relationships, personal strengths, and life perspectives. This review evaluated current measures of grief to determine if such positive outcomes can be adequately assessed. Methods: The Texas Revised Inventory of Grief, Grief Experience Inventory, Bereavement Phenomenology Questionnaire, Core Bereavement Items, Continuing Bonds Scale, and Hogan Grief Reaction Checklist (currently the most common measures of grief) are reviewed. Results: Only one of the reviewed measures assessed posttraumatic growth as a component of grief (i.e., Hogan Grief Reaction Checklist). Conclusion: Since posttraumatic growth and negative psychological adjustment after traumatic events can coexist, it is important that measures of grief used in both clinical and research domains allow an assessment of positive response.
文摘BACKGROUND Studies have indicated that childhood exposure to domestic violence is a common factor in posttraumatic growth(PTG)and posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD),but it is unclear whether PTG and PTSD share a common/different underlying mechanism.AIM To explore the common/different underlying mechanism of PTG and PTSD.METHODS Between February 12 and 17,2020,a nationwide cross-sectional online survey was conducted in China among 2038 university students,and a self-administered questionnaire was used for the data collection.The data included demographic characteristics,such as age,gender,and subjective social economic status,and childhood exposure to domestic violence scale that was selected from the Chinese version of revised Adverse Childhood Experiences Question,Self-compassion Scale,Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale,Posttraumatic Growth Inventory,and the Abbreviated PTSD Checklist-Civilian version.A structural equation model was used to test the hypotheses.RESULTS Exposure to domestic violence was significantly associated with PTG and PTSD via a 1-step indirect path of self-compassion(PTG:β=-0.023,95%CI:-0.44 to-0.007;PTSD:β=0.008,95%CI:0.002,0.014)and via a 2-step indirect path from self-compassion to resilience(PTG:β=-0.008,95%CI:-0.018 to-0.002;PTSD:β=0.013,95%CI:0.004-0.024).However,resilience did not mediate the relationship between exposure to domestic violence and PTG and PTSD.CONCLUSION PTG and PTSD are common results of childhood exposure to domestic violence,which may be influenced by self-compassion and resilience.
基金The Deputy Research of Babol University of Medical Sciences approved and supported the study(Grant No.724133035)
文摘Objectives:The present study compared the prevalence and psychosocial factors affecting posttraumatic growth(PTG),posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD),and psychological distress in nurses,physicians,and medical students.Materials and Methods:In a cross‑sectional study,three groups of medical staff including nurses(n=57),physicians(n=40),and medical students(n=34)who were responsible for the care/treatment of COVID‑19 patients admitted to a general hospital for 4 months responded to Posttraumatic Growth Inventory,Brief Symptom Inventory‑18,Resilience Questionnaire,PTSD Screen,and Social Capital‑Integrated Questionnaire.Results:After the exposure of medical staff to at least 4 months of treatment/care of COVID‑19 patients,PTG prevalence was higher than PTSD(38.2%vs.14.6%),but they experienced some degrees of psychological distress(65.5%).The nurses had 8.33(confidence interval[CI]:2.5–26.7)times higher PTG rate than medical students(P<0.001).Physicists also experienced 5.00(CI:1.4–26.7)times higher PTG than medical students(P<0.001).PTG was aided by age,married status,strong resilience,and high social capital,but gender had no influence.Resilience played an important protective role to prevent the incidence of psychological distress in nurses,medical students,and physicians.Conclusion:Despite the fact that the PTSD and psychological distress were same in the three groups of medical staff,the nurses had a greater rate of PTG than physicians and medical students.
基金supported by Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 821RC1124)the Education Department of Hainan Province(grant number Hnjgzc2022-22)+1 种基金the Hainan Medical University(grant numbers XGZX2020003,HYPY2020028,and HYYB202131)Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center(QWYH202175).
文摘Objective: To identify the moderating effects of cognitive reappraisal(CR) and expressive suppression(ES) on the relationship between posttraumatic stress(PTS) symptoms and posttraumatic growth(PTG) in university students. Methods: The survey included 1 987 Chinese university students who completed questionnaires on PTS symptoms in February 2020, with three follow-up surveys at two-month intervals until August 2020. We assessed CR and ES at February 2020 and PTG at August 2020. Growth mixture modeling was used to classify the PTS symptom trajectories. Multinomial logistic regression was used to recognize the predictors of class membership. The relationships among PTS symptoms, CR, ES, and PTG were examined using multi-group path analysis.Results: Sex, SARS-Co V-2 infection of a family member or friend, number of siblings, CR, and ES were significantly associated with PTS symptoms. Three latent classes were identified: ‘Increasing PTS’(n=205, 10.0%) who had rapid deterioration of PTS symptoms, ‘Moderate PTS’(n=149, 8.0%) who had a high level of PTS symptoms at the beginning and slightly increasing, and ‘Persistent Minimal PTS’(n=1 633, 82.0%), who had slow resolution of PTS symptoms over time. Male, SARS-Co V-2 infection of a family member or friend, and having a lower CR and a higher ES, were more likely to have ‘Increasing PTS’. PTS at February 2020 predicted PTG only in ‘Increasing PTS’ class, and both CR and ES had moderating effects on the conversion between them.Conclusions: Most students recovered from posttraumatic stress of COVID-19 pandemic, but a small proportion expeienced increasing PTS symptoms, and those with this condition may benefit from emotional regulation intervention.
文摘In the context of traumatic stress, the dominant discourse has mainly focused on distress, thus undermining the role that eustress has in traumatic experiences. One of the few exceptions to this has been the research on posttraumatic growth, which has generated much interest since its beginning. There is an increasing interest in posttraumatic growth in various cultures and hence an expansion of the measure, the Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), into various languages. This article is the first to perform a rigorous investigation of the psychometric properties of the PTGI, including the scale and subscale reliability, inter-item and subscale correlations, and using a CFA approach. The properties are established with a French translation using two populations of caregivers: those bereaved by HIV/AIDS and parents who are caring for a child with a life-limiting illness. These properties were determined for both the original 21 item scale as well as the shortened version.
文摘目的探讨急诊重症监护室(emergency intensive care unit,EICU)住院患者家属创伤后成长的影响因素及其与社会支持水平的相关性。方法选择2020年6月—2023年6月南通大学附属医院EICU 80名住院患者的家属作为研究对象。采用创伤后成长评定量表以及社会支持评定量表评价EICU住院患者家属创伤后成长水平及社会支持水平。分析患者家属创伤后成长水平与社会支持水平的相关性,并对患者家属创伤后成长水平的影响因素进行单因素、多因素logistic回归分析。结果80名EICU住院患者家属创伤后成长水平评分为(60.53±13.02)分,其中得分最高维度为与他人关系,其次为个人力量。经单因素分析可见,患者家属不同性别、学历、与患者关系、急性生理学和慢性健康状况评价Ⅱ(acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ,APACHEⅡ)评分的创伤后成长水平评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。家属社会支持水平评分均低于国内常模(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析,EICU住院患者家属创伤后成长水平与社会支持水平呈正相关(P<0.05)。经多因素分析可见,性别、学历、患者APACHEⅡ评分与社会支持水平是ICU住院患者家属创伤后成长的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论性别、学历、患者APACHEⅡ评分与社会支持水平是EICU住院患者家属创伤后成长的影响因素,临床应增强对患者家属关注度,积极鼓励家属缓解负面情绪,提升创伤后成长水平。
