Oxidation of As(Ⅲ) by potassium permanganate

The oxidation of As（Ⅲ） with potassium permanganate was studied under conditions including pH, initial As（Ⅲ） concentration and dosage of Mn（Ⅶ）. The results have shown that potassium permanganate was an effective agent for oxidation of As（Ⅲ） in a wide pH range. The pH value of tested water was not a significant factor affecting the oxidation of As（Ⅲ） by Mn（Ⅲ）. Although theoretical redox analyses suggest that Mn（Ⅶ） should have better performance in oxidization of As（Ⅲ） within lower pH ranges, the experimental results show that the oxidation efficiencies of As（Ⅲ） under basic and acidic conditions were similar, which may be due to the adsorption of As（Ⅲ） on the Mn（OH）2 and MnO2 resulting from the oxidation of As（Ⅲ）.

Novel Application of Vacuum Sealing Drainage with Continuous Irrigation of Potassium Permanganate for Managing Infective Wounds of Gas Gangrene

Summary： Traumatic gas gangrene is a fatal infection mainly caused by Clostridium perfringens. It is a challenge to manage gas gangrene in open wounds and control infection after debridement or amputa- tion. The aim of the present study was to use vacuum sealing drainage （VSD） with continuous irrigation of potassium permanganate to manage infective wounds of gas gangrene and observe its clinical effi- cacy. A total of 48 patients with open traumatic gas gangrene infection were included in this study. Am- putations were done for 27 patients, and limb salvage procedures were performed for the others. After amputation or aggressive debridement, the VSD system, including polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） foam dress- ing and polyurethane （PU） film, with continuous irrigation of 1：5000 potassium permanganate solutions, was applied to the wounds. During the follow-up, all the patients healed without recurrence within 8-18 months. There were four complications. Cardiac arrest during amputation surgery occurred in one pa- tient who suffered from severe septic shock. Emergent resuscitation was performed and the patient re- turned to stable condition. One patient suffered from mixed infection of Staphylococcal aureus, and a second-stage debridement was performed. One patient suffered from severe pain of the limb after the debridement. Exploratory operation was done and the possible reason was trauma of a local peripheral nerve. Three cases of crush syndrome had dialysis treatment for concomitant renal failure. In conclusion, VSD can convert open wound to closed wound, and evacuate necrotic tissues. Furthermore, potassium permanganate solutions help eliminate anaerobic microenviroument and achieve good therapeutic effect on gas gangrene and mixed infection. VSD with continuous irrigation of potassium permanganate is a novel, simple and feasible alternative for severe traumatic open wounds with gas gangrene infection.

Effects of chlorine content and position of chlorinated phenols on their oxidation kinetics by potassium permanganate

Chlorine content and position of chlorinated phenols have many significant effects on the reactivity of oxido-reduction. The effects of chlorine content and position of chlorinated phenols on their oxidation kinetics by potassium permanganate were evaluated through different kinetics studies. Since chlorine was an electron withdrawing atom, the substitution of chlorine on the aromatic ring decreased the oxidation rate constant by σ-electron withdrawing conductive effect. The substitution of chlorine at ortho or para position on the aromatic ring increased the oxidation rate constant by π-electron donating conjugative effect, and the conjugative effect could counteract the negative impact of the conductive effect to some extent. On the other hand, the substitution of chlorine at ortho position on the aromatic ring decreased the oxidation rate constant by steric hindrance effect. The oxidation rate constants of phenol and chlorinated phenols studied decreased as follow order: 4-chlorophenol>2,4-dichlorophenol>phenol>2,6-dichlorophenol.

Flow-injection chemiluminescence determination of tryptophan using galangin-potassium permanganate-polyphosphoric acid system

A high sensitive flow-injection chemiluminescence （FI-CL） method for the determination of tryptophan has been developed. The method is based on the chemiluminescence reaction of galangin-potassium permanganate-tryptophan in polyphosphoric acid （PPA） media. Under the optimized conditions, tryptophan was determined in the range 0.05-10 μg/mL with the detection limit （3tr） of 5.0 × 10^-3 μg/mL. The relative standard deviation （RSD） was 1.0% for 11 replicate determinations of 1.0 μg/mL tryptophan. Three synthetic samples were determined selectively with recoveries in the range from 99.6% to 102.0% in the presence of other amino acids.

Wet carbon-based solid acid/potassium permanganate as an efficient heterogeneous reagents for oxidation of alcohols under mild conditions

Wet carbon-based solid acid and potassium permanganate were used as new reagents for oxidation of alcohols to their corresponding aldehydes and ketones in heterogeneous mixtures. The experiments were done moderately at mild condition and high yields in suitable times were obtained.

Preliminary Analyses of Controlled Release of Potassium Permanganate Encapsulated in Polycaprolactone

Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) has been used widely as an oxidant for remediation of contaminated soil and water systems. The present study evaluates the release of this oxidant from Polycaprolactone (PCL) polymer as part of a patented controlled release process (CRP) to be applied for targeted removal of contaminants from water. KMnO4 was encapsulated into PCL at a 1:5 oxidant to polymer ratio and placed in batch reactor systems with reagent water to be evaluated over a 96 hour period. SEM images showed that over time, the number of cavities and their sizes increased on the waxy surface of the PCL polymer. The experimental data from the release of KMnO4 from PCL was found to fit non-Fickian diffusion model after dissolution (R2 = 0.93) similar to other systems that describe the dispersal of other oxidants from wax matrices. In addition, the model parameters for data of this present study were also found to be comparable to previous release studies with the same oxidant encapsulated in different wax matrices at similar ratios. Overall, the similarity of release data between the diversity of polymers shows that the controlled release biodegradable polymer utilizing PCL provides effective release of the KMnO4 with the added benefit biodegradable nature of PCL.

Effects of Potassium Permanganate on Respiratory Movement in Carassius auratus under Different Conditions

[ Objective] To observe the effects of potassium permanganate on respiratory rate and cough frequency of Carassius auratus in different conditions. [Method] According to the simple factor design of experiment, the respiratory rate and cough frequency of Carassius auratus were recorded. The factors included concentration of potassium permanganate, temperature, duration time and pH values. [ Result] The respiratory rate and cough frequency of Carassius auratus were increased and then decreased with the increasing concentrations of potassium permanganate, rising temperature, and duration of medicated bath. The Carassius auratus had the best respiratory function at pH 7.0. The strong acid and strong alkali caused lesions and inhibited the respiratory function of Carassius auratus. [ Conclusion ] The potassium permanganate at different concentrations may have an impact on the cough frequency and respiratory rate of Carassius auratus.

Suicidal ingestion of potassium permanganate

BACKGROUND:Potassium permanganate is used clinically as an antiseptic and antifungal agent.Ingestion of potassium permanganate may result in damage to the upper gastrointestinal tract.Burns and ulceration of the mouth,esophagus and stomach occur due to its action.Emergency endoscopy is useful to assess the severity of damage and also to guide management.METHODS:We reported a patient presenting to the emergency department after suicidal ingestion of potassium permanganate.RESULTS:After treatment,the patient was discharged home on the 7th day after admission.CONCLUSION:Early emergency endoscopy should be considered to determine the extent of upper gastrointestinal damage in the emergency department.

Comparison of Release Efficiencies for the Controlled-Release of Potassium Permanganate in Polycaprolactone

The application of controlled release materials in tandem with chemical oxidants has become an emerging topic within the field of environmental treatment. The controlled release kinetic and mechanistic relationship between these components is important to understand a controlled release system. Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) was used as the encapsulated material integrated into polycaprolactone (PCL) producing controlled release biodegradable polymer (CRBP) pellets. In this study, batch experiments were used to examine the release kinetics from the discharge of the pelletized encapsulated oxidant into aqueous systems at various KMnO4:PCL ratios of 1:5, 2:5, and 3:5 by mass. Experimental results indicated as the amount of KMnO4 in the PCL polymer pellets increased, a greater fraction of the oxidant was released as a function of time. The resultant data best fit a linearized diffusion model equation. Additionally, a comparison-controlled release study was conducted that contained the same oxidant at similar mass ratios. Release kinetics determined from this study could lead to effective implementation of CRBP systems and could suggest that CRBP encapsulated with KMnO4 could serve as a promising controlled release technology in a long-term and controlled manner.

Mercury oxidation and adsorption characteristics of potassium permanganate modified lignite semi-coke

The adsorption characteristics of virgin and potassium permanganate modified lignite semi-coke （SC） for gaseous Hg were investigated in an attempt to produce more effective and lower price adsorbents for the control of elemental mercury emission. Brunauer-Emmett- Teller （BET） measurements, X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） were used to analyze the surface physical and chemical properties of SC, Mn-SC and Mn-H-SC before and after mercury adsorption. The results indicated that potassium permanganate modification had significant influence on the properties of semi-coke, such as the specific surface area, pore structure and surface chemical functional groups. The mercury adsorption efficiency of modified semi-coke was lower than that of SC at low temperature, but much higher at high temperature. Amorphous Mn7＋, Mn6＋ and Mn4＋ on the surface of Mn-SC and Mn-H-SC were the active sites for oxidation and adsorption of gaseous Hg~, which oxidized the elemental mercury into Hg2＋ and captured it. Thermal treatment reduced the average oxidation degree of Mn2＋ on the surface of Mn-SC from 3.80 to 3.46. However, due to the formation of amorphous MnOx, the surface oxidation active sites for gaseous Hg0 increased, which gave Mn-H-SC higher mercury adsorption efficiency than that of Mn-SC at high temperature.

Pre-oxidative catalytic treatment of toluidine blue with potassium permanganate in acidic solution

This article describes the potential of KMnO4 for oxidation of the thiazine dye(Toluidine blue TB)in an acidic medium.The effect of different operational parameters like initial concentration of dye,potassium permanganate,pH,ionic strength,catalyst,acids and temperature were investigated spectrophotometrically at λ_(max)=613 nm.The results showed a complete removal of the TB with mineralization of the dye solution.Smooth and complete decoloration was observed in the presence of monobasic acid(HCl)as compared to the H_(2)SO_(4) where little color removal was observed.Pb was found to be an effective catalyst in oxidation for complete and fast decolorization with mineralization.No significant change at elevated temperatures showed that an intermediate complex degraded with slight change in the temperature.UV/visible spectrophotometry and GC mass analysis showed an intermediate activated complex demethylated sulophooxide of TB which later on degraded into smaller fragments.

高锰酸钾致鼻腔腐蚀伤1例

1临床资料患儿,女,2岁9个月,就诊3h前意外将“高锰酸钾消毒片(0.2 g/片)”塞入左侧鼻腔,出现哭闹不止,鼻部疼痛症状,立即就诊当地医院,前鼻镜检查未见异物,于2022-10-22转入我院。前鼻镜检查双侧未见异物,左侧鼻腔可见黄褐色分泌物流出,行电子鼻咽镜检查见左侧鼻腔后端黑褐色分泌物堵塞,充分吸引清理后见后端鼻中隔黏膜、鼻底黏膜及下鼻甲黏膜成黑色腐蚀状,急诊以“鼻腔腐蚀伤”收治入院。

Degradation of metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene by coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO_4

Several main metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） formed by Penicillium chrysogenum, Benzo[a]pyrene-1,6-quinone （BP 1,6- quinone）, trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene （BP 7,8-diol）, 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene （3-OHBP）, were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The three metabolites were liable to be accumulated and were hardly further metabolized because of their toxicity to microorganisms. However, their further degradation was essential for the complete degradation of BaP. To enhance their degradation, two methods, degradation by coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 and degradation only by Penicillium chrysogenum, were compared; Meanwhile, the parameters of degradation in the superior method were optimized. The results showed that （1） the method of coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 was better and was the first method to be used in the degradation of BaP and its metabolites; （2） the metabolite, BP 1,6-quinone was the most liable to be accumulated in pure cultures; （3） the effect of degradation was the best when the concentration of KMnO4 in the cultures was 0.01% （w/v）, concentration of the three compounds was 5 mg/L and pH was 6.2. Based on the experimental results, a novel concept with regard to the bioremediation of BaP-contaminated environment was discussed, considering the influence on environmental toxicity of the accumulated metabolites.

Determination of resveratrol in red wine by solid phase extraction-flow injection chemiluminescence method

A sensitive flow injection chemiluminescence method has been developed for the detection of resveratrol in red wine based on the fact that resveratrol can greatly enhance chemiluminescence reaction between KMnO4 and HCHO in sulfuric acid medium. Analytes were pre-concentrated on solid sorbents （C18 solid-phase extraction cartridges）. Under the optimum conditions, the proposed method allows the measurement of resveratrol over the range of 1.32 × 10^-8 to 1.32 × 10^-5 mol/L with a detection limit of 3.30 ×10^-9 mol/L, and the relative standard deviation for 1.32 ×10^-5 mol/L resveratrol （n = 11） is 3.8%. This method has been successfully applied for the determination of the resveratrol in red wine. Furthermore, the possible reaction mechanism was also discussed.

Comparative study on the removal technologies of 2-methylisoborneol(MIB) in drinking water

Removal of 2-methylisoborneol （MIB） in drinking water by ozone, powdered activated carbon （PAC）, potassium permanganate and potassium ferrate was investigated. The adsorption kinetics of MIB by both wood-based and coat-based PACs show that main removal of MIB occurs within contact time of 1 h. Compared with the wood-based PAC, the coat-based PAC evidently improved the removal efficiency of MIB. The removal percentage of trace MIB at any given time for a particular carbon dosage was irrelative to the initial concentration of MIB. A series of experiments were performed to determine the effect of pH on the ozonation of MIB. The results show that pH has a significant effect on the ozonation of MIB. It is conclusive that potassium permanganate and potassium ferrate are ineffective in removing the MIB in drinking water.

Indium recovery from zinc oxide flue dust by oxidative pressure leaching

Indium was recovered from zinc oxide flue dust(ZOFD)with sulfuric acid by oxidative pressure leaching in an autoclave, and the effects of different technological conditions on indium leaching were studied.Potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide were used as oxidants.The atmospheric pressure leaching experiments were also carried out.The experimental results show that the leaching rate of indium can be effectively improved by oxidative pressure leaching.The optimum conditions of pressure leaching are determined as sulfuric 5.10 mol/L acid,leaching time 150 min,temperature 90℃,and the H2O2 dosage of 0.5 mL/g or 2.5%KMnO4.The leaching rate of indium is more than 90%,which is increased by 13%compared with that of atmospheric pressure leaching process without oxidant under the optimum conditions.

Study on Electroanalytical Chemistry of Rare Earths Part 1 Catalytic Wave of Yb^(3+)-MnO_4^--HClO_4 System

In the present paper, linear sweep polarography (LPS) was employed to study Yb 3+ KMnO 4 system. Results show that this system is characterized as a catalytic wave. The first step of Yb 3+ reduction was the one electron reduction to Yb 2+ , and improvement in the sensitivity of Yb 3+ was studied. Convolution voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry were employed to determine the rate constant and to confirm the process of electrode. The effects of various parameters, including pH, electrolyte, catalyst concentration and surface active substance on the reduction process were examined.

The Impacts of Different Bromide Concentrations and Advanced Oxidation Ways on the Bromate Generation

Taking reservoir water diverting from Yellow River as raw water, and using 5 m^3/h of pilot device, the impacts of different bromide concentrations and advanced oxidation ways on bmmate generation in effluent of ozone -upward flow BAC -sand filtration technology. Results showed that when bromine ion of raw water was about 100 μg/L, and ozone dosage was 2 mg/L, bromate exceeding risk existed in the effluent of ozone - upward flow BAC technology, and bromate content in the effluent reached 10 μg/L. Moreover, generation amount of bromate had certain linear rela- tionship with bromine ion of influent. Both dosing hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate could effectively inhibit bromate production, and there was no bromate generation in final effluent of the technology. Moreover, it also could improve the removal of major pollutants in the water by the combined process. Compared with advanced oxidation of hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate pre-oxidation could better control production costs.

Investigation on Effect of Acid Wash with Thermocol Ball on Physical Properties of Knitted Garments

Washing is considered as the final process of garments finishing. Acid washing is one kind of finishing treatment used for making sewn garments aesthetic, fashionable, soft, comfortable and also adding value to the final garments. This paper investigates the effect of the acid washing (with thermocol balls and potassium permanganate) on different physical properties of three knitted garments (Single Jersey 100% Cotton T-shirt, Single Jersey 95% Cotton 5% Spandex T-Shirt and 1 × 1 Rib100% Cotton T-Shirt). Typical washing procedures and techniques were followed and then physical properties were analyzed under standard condition. It is observed that fabric weight, CPI, WPI, spirality and shrinkage increase while bursting strength, stitch length absorbency decrease after washing treatment. pH of all the samples is under controlled and lies between 7 to 8. There is no change in pilling, colorfastness to wash, water and dry rubbing while a little bit decrease in wet rubbing.