The inducing effect of potassium citrate （K3cit） on simultaneous growth of calcium oxalate mono-（COM）, di-（COD）, and trihydrate （COT） crystals in synthetic urine was observed with double diffusion gelatinous t...The inducing effect of potassium citrate （K3cit） on simultaneous growth of calcium oxalate mono-（COM）, di-（COD）, and trihydrate （COT） crystals in synthetic urine was observed with double diffusion gelatinous technique. K3cit can induce the formation of COD and COT, inhibit the aggregation and decrease the surface area of COM crystals. It supported the clinical use of K3cit and may provide important clues to this disease in cure and in search for new drugs.展开更多
Background: A very strict control of urinary pH is recommended to maintain it between 5.5 and 6.2, preventing formation or recurrence of crystals. Kidney stones are a common problem, with a high rate of recurrence, no...Background: A very strict control of urinary pH is recommended to maintain it between 5.5 and 6.2, preventing formation or recurrence of crystals. Kidney stones are a common problem, with a high rate of recurrence, not altered by the success of surgery. Medical treatment prevents recurrence. Potassium Citrate inhibits crystallization of calcium salts. It influences calculogenesis by increasing urinary citrates and alkalinizing the urine. Purpose: to evaluate the similarity in the effect of three K citrate products, K citrate reference product Urocit®10 mEq, and K citrate from Laboratorios LETI S.A.V., 10 mEq and 15 mEq, on urinary pH. Materials and Methods: We carried out a prospective, randomized study of three parallel groups. We admitted female and male patients with history of kidney stones or evidence of lithiasis (grit, microlithiasis) in the renal echosonogram. Laboratory assessments: urine, 24-hour urine, urinary pH, Calcium, uric acid, Phosphorus, Sodium, protein and urinary creatinine at times: start, day 7, day 21, 30 of treatment. Results: all three products produced a slight increase in urinary pH in the simple urine test and 24-hour urine, with no differences between groups or their logarithmically transformed means and their CI95, which did not exceed the range between 80% and 125%. Conclusions: K Citrate, 10 mEq and 7.5 mEq, from Laboratorios LETI, S.A.V., at a dose of 30 mEq daily in patients with history of kidney stones are equivalent to the reference product Urocit®, in its effects on urinary pH in 24-hour urine, and in the simple urine test.展开更多
Background In 2008, a sharp increase of the number of children diagnosed with urinary calculi was observed in China, 9433 children were diagnosed as having melamine-induced urinary calculi at outpatient clinic in Beij...Background In 2008, a sharp increase of the number of children diagnosed with urinary calculi was observed in China, 9433 children were diagnosed as having melamine-induced urinary calculi at outpatient clinic in Beijing Children＇s Hospital. This study examined the therapeutic efficacy of potassium sodium hydrogen citrate （PSHC） used to treat melamine-induced urinary stones in Chinese children who consumed melamine-containing infant formula. Methods Seventy-two infants and children （average age （18.2±7.7） months） who were diagnosed with urinary calculi were icuidomly divided into three treatment groups using the SAS Plan program. Group 1 was given a low dose （1 g/d） of PSHC, group 2 was given high dose of PSHC （2 g/d） and group 3 was given no PSHC （control group）. The dose of drug was adjusted according to the baseline urinary pH. This study analyzed the influence of the dose of PSHC, the age of patients, stone size and position, and urinary pH on the level of efficacy of PSHC （cured, effectively treated or not cured）.Results After 1-6 months of therapy, 19 patients from group 1, five patients from group 2 and six patients from group 3 were cured. Five patients from group 1, five patients from group 2 and four patients from group 3 were effectively treated. There were significant differences in therapeutic efficacy between the two treatment doses after 3 and 6 months as measured by the increase in the successful expulsion rate and time of melamine-induced urinary calculi. After 6 months the mean time of expulsion of urinary calculi in groups 1 and 2 was significantly shorter than in the control group. Conclusions PSHC can significantly increase the successful expulsion rate and time of melamine-induced urinary calculi. The therapeutic efficacy is affected by PSHC dose, treatment duration, calculi position, and urinary pH. There is no relationship between the therapeutic efficacy and the stone size or patient age.展开更多
基金This research work was granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No 20471024）.
文摘The inducing effect of potassium citrate （K3cit） on simultaneous growth of calcium oxalate mono-（COM）, di-（COD）, and trihydrate （COT） crystals in synthetic urine was observed with double diffusion gelatinous technique. K3cit can induce the formation of COD and COT, inhibit the aggregation and decrease the surface area of COM crystals. It supported the clinical use of K3cit and may provide important clues to this disease in cure and in search for new drugs.
文摘Background: A very strict control of urinary pH is recommended to maintain it between 5.5 and 6.2, preventing formation or recurrence of crystals. Kidney stones are a common problem, with a high rate of recurrence, not altered by the success of surgery. Medical treatment prevents recurrence. Potassium Citrate inhibits crystallization of calcium salts. It influences calculogenesis by increasing urinary citrates and alkalinizing the urine. Purpose: to evaluate the similarity in the effect of three K citrate products, K citrate reference product Urocit®10 mEq, and K citrate from Laboratorios LETI S.A.V., 10 mEq and 15 mEq, on urinary pH. Materials and Methods: We carried out a prospective, randomized study of three parallel groups. We admitted female and male patients with history of kidney stones or evidence of lithiasis (grit, microlithiasis) in the renal echosonogram. Laboratory assessments: urine, 24-hour urine, urinary pH, Calcium, uric acid, Phosphorus, Sodium, protein and urinary creatinine at times: start, day 7, day 21, 30 of treatment. Results: all three products produced a slight increase in urinary pH in the simple urine test and 24-hour urine, with no differences between groups or their logarithmically transformed means and their CI95, which did not exceed the range between 80% and 125%. Conclusions: K Citrate, 10 mEq and 7.5 mEq, from Laboratorios LETI, S.A.V., at a dose of 30 mEq daily in patients with history of kidney stones are equivalent to the reference product Urocit®, in its effects on urinary pH in 24-hour urine, and in the simple urine test.
文摘Background In 2008, a sharp increase of the number of children diagnosed with urinary calculi was observed in China, 9433 children were diagnosed as having melamine-induced urinary calculi at outpatient clinic in Beijing Children＇s Hospital. This study examined the therapeutic efficacy of potassium sodium hydrogen citrate （PSHC） used to treat melamine-induced urinary stones in Chinese children who consumed melamine-containing infant formula. Methods Seventy-two infants and children （average age （18.2±7.7） months） who were diagnosed with urinary calculi were icuidomly divided into three treatment groups using the SAS Plan program. Group 1 was given a low dose （1 g/d） of PSHC, group 2 was given high dose of PSHC （2 g/d） and group 3 was given no PSHC （control group）. The dose of drug was adjusted according to the baseline urinary pH. This study analyzed the influence of the dose of PSHC, the age of patients, stone size and position, and urinary pH on the level of efficacy of PSHC （cured, effectively treated or not cured）.Results After 1-6 months of therapy, 19 patients from group 1, five patients from group 2 and six patients from group 3 were cured. Five patients from group 1, five patients from group 2 and four patients from group 3 were effectively treated. There were significant differences in therapeutic efficacy between the two treatment doses after 3 and 6 months as measured by the increase in the successful expulsion rate and time of melamine-induced urinary calculi. After 6 months the mean time of expulsion of urinary calculi in groups 1 and 2 was significantly shorter than in the control group. Conclusions PSHC can significantly increase the successful expulsion rate and time of melamine-induced urinary calculi. The therapeutic efficacy is affected by PSHC dose, treatment duration, calculi position, and urinary pH. There is no relationship between the therapeutic efficacy and the stone size or patient age.
