Power Equilibrium in Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Optical Communication Systems

The disequilibrium of the optical power among different channels is analyzed for the dense wavelength division multiplexing optical communication systems. And the new technologies and devices for optical amplifying, filtering, adding /dropping,etc,have been reviewed, which can be used to equalize dynamically the optical power in optical networks.

Coupling Effect between Equilibrium Field and Heating Field and Modification of the Power Supply System on SUNIST Spherical Tokamak

Strong inductive coupling between the heating field and equilibrium field is confirmed to be responsible for the poor plasma equilibrium in initial discharges on the SUNIST spherical tokamak. A modification project for the power supply system of equilibrium field coils is successfully performed to increase the duration time of plasma current flattop from much less than 1ms to about 2 ms.

Self-Powered Active Vibration Control:Concept,Modeling,and Testing

Despite their superior control performance,active vibration control techniques cannot be widely used in some engineering fields because of their substantial power demand in controlling large-scale structures.As an innovative solution to this problem,an unprecedented self-powered active vibration control system was developped in this study.The topological design,working mechanism,and power flow of the proposed system are presented herein.The self-powering ability of the system was confirmed based on a detailed power flow analysis of vibration control processes.A self-powered actively controlled actuator was designed and applied to a scaled active vibration isolation table.The feasibility and effectiveness of the innovative system were successfully validated through a series of analytical,numerical,and experimental investigations.The setup and control strategy of the proposed system can be readily extended to diversified active vibration control applications in various engineering fields.

Study about the Asymmetry Competing Channel Structure under Bargaining Power

On the problem of competing channel structure, we present asymmetry competing channel structure models under bargaining power, analyze the evolving process of channel structure under different bargaining power and product nature, find different bargaining power and product nature important role for channel structure, and also present equilibrium result. Furthermore, the academic proof for channel structure choice is presented.

Complex Dynamics Analysis for Cournot Game with Bounded Rationality in Power Market

In order to accurately simulate the game behaviors of the market participants with bounded rationality, a new dynamic Cournot game model of power market considering the constraints of transmission network is proposed in this paper. The model is represented by a discrete differential equations embedded with the maximization problem of the social benefit of market. The Nash equilibrium and its stability in a duopoly game are quantitatively analyzed. It is found that there are different Nash equilibriums with different market parameters corresponding to different operating conditions of power network, i.e., congestion and non-congestion, and even in some cases there is not Nash equilibrium at all. The market dynamic behaviors are numerically simulated, in which the periodic or chaotic behaviors are focused when the market parameters are beyond the stability region of Nash equilibrium.

Adaptive Constrained On-board Guidance Technology forPowered Glide Vehicle

To make full use of expanded maneuverability and increased range,adaptive constrained on-board guidance technology is the key capability for a glide vehicle with a double-pulse rocket engine,especially under the requirements of desired target changing and on-line reconfigurable control and guidance.Based on the rapid footprint analysis,whether the new target is within the current footprint area is firstly judged.If not,the rocket engine ignites by the logic obtained from the analysis of optimal flight range by the method of hp-adaptive Gauss pseudospectral method(hp-GPM).Then,an on-board trajectory generation method based on powered quasi-equilibrium glide condition(QEGC)and linear quadratic regulator(LQR)method is used to guide the vehicle to the new target.The effectiveness of the guidance method consisted of powered on-board trajectory generation,LQR trajectory tracking,footprint calculation,and ignition time determination is indicated by some simulation examples.

Study about the Competing Channel Structure under Bargaining Power

From the bargaining process, competing channel structure models are presented. The evolving process of channel structure under different bargaining power is analyzed The important role of different bargaining power is discussed and the equilibrium result is found. Also the theoretical evidences for competing channel structure choice are given.

H-bridge Hybrid Converter Modeling and Synthesize with Power Sharing Analysis

In this paper hybrid converters with double inputs are investigated. Mainly any possible topologies are constructed and only one of them is chosen and modeled in none ideal format, by state space averaging method. After that small signal model and equilibrium point of that model is calculated. Finally with power sharing analysis the best point in efficiency was calculated.

Controlling chaos in power system based on finite-time stability theory

Recent investigations show that a power system is a highly nonlinear system and can exhibit chaotic behaviour leading to a voltage collapse, which severely threatens the secure and stable operation of the power system. Based on the finite-time stability theory, two control strategies are presented to achieve finite-time chaos control. In addition, the problem of how to stabilize an unstable nonzero equilibrium point in a finite time is solved by coordinate transformation for the first time. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and the robustness of the proposed scheme. The research in this paper may help to maintain the secure operation of power systems.

不对等权力结构下竞争性闭环供应链的回收模式选择均衡

针对两条具有不对等权力的竞争性闭环供应链,其中双链制造商均可选择己方回收(M模式)、委托零售商回收(R模式)或第三方回收(T模式)的3种模式之一,首先建立和求解博弈模型得到9种可能回收组合下的均衡解、成员利润和链利润,然后基于不同组合的比较推导双链回收模式选择的均衡策略,最后分析均衡组合的Pareto效率。结论表明:①主从链博弈存在“后动优势”现象,特别当从链回收者的回收效率不劣于主链时,从链的各项运营指标完全优于主链;②当从链回收模式任意给定时,无论双链竞争强度如何,主链制造商选择R模式对己方、零售商和整条链最有利;当主链回收模式给定时,随着竞争加剧,M模式、R模式和T模式将依次成为从链制造商和整条从链的最优选择;③RR、RM和RT三种组合均可能是双链的回收模式选择均衡,但在某些条件下RR和RM会陷入低效的囚徒困境。

考虑碳市场交易的寡头电力市场均衡分析

在碳市场上线的背景下,发电商需同时参与碳市场与电力市场,并对电力市场均衡产生影响。为研究碳市场及电力市场中发电商的交易决策及两个市场之间的交互影响关系,建立了考虑碳市场交易的寡头电力市场双层均衡模型,该模型可同时考虑发电商在电力市场和碳市场中的博弈行为。针对所建立模型,采用协同进化算法进行纳什均衡的求解。最后通过算例验证了相关模型和算法的有效性,并重点研究了碳市场对电力市场均衡及发电商市场博弈行为的影响。结果表明:在当前采用基准线法进行初始碳配额分配情况下,发电商的策略性行为同时抬高了电价与碳价,其中电价的上涨幅度远小于碳价的上涨幅度。

基于主从博弈的微电网分布式能量管理策略

针对电力市场运营模式下,新能源微电网的整体优化运行与多方投资者的最大利益化之间的冲突问题,提出了基于双层主从博弈的微电网分布式能量管理策略。为充分考虑能源供需两侧的平衡,引入了电力交易代理商的概念,在用户侧提出基于消费者满意度和可调节负荷的综合需求响应策略;考虑源-荷双方的主动性和决策能力,建立了以电力交易代理商为领导者,分布式电源代理商和负荷代理商为追随者的交易决策博弈模型,证明了stackelberg均衡解存在唯一性,采用结合二次规划的差分进化算法对所提模型进行求解。通过对包含分布式电源和社区用户的案例进行分析,验证了所提模型和策略具有良好的收敛性和经济性。

量化自我隐私顾虑的前因组态对隐私披露意愿的影响——权力-责任均衡视角

[研究目的]用户的隐私披露对以数据为驱动的量化自我企业而言十分重要,探究量化自我情境下隐私顾虑对隐私披露意愿的影响将为相关企业获取用户数据提供理论指导。[研究方法]基于权力与责任均衡理论,采用模糊集定性比较分析方法,以使用可穿戴设备的用户为研究对象,从量化自我主体视角分析导致隐私顾虑的前因组态,以及不同的隐私顾虑组态类型对隐私披露意愿的影响机制。[研究结论]研究发现:量化自我隐私顾虑的3种组态类型,分别是内生型隐私顾虑、外生型隐私顾虑和混合型隐私顾虑,且会对隐私披露意愿产生差异性影响。短期使用中产生的内生型隐私顾虑和长期使用中产生的混合型隐私顾虑会导致量化自我隐私披露意愿的降低;而在短期使用过程中产生的外生型隐私顾虑并不会降低隐私披露意愿,反而因为用户感知到政府的法律有效性,促进了在量化自我过程中的隐私披露。

大国竞争背景下澳大利亚的“战略均衡”外交

与莫里森政府一边倒地支持美国遏制中国的政策相比,阿尔巴尼斯政府展现出更多的战略自主性,提出“多极地区秩序”与“战略均衡”,呼吁与地区中小国家一道塑造大国战略竞争的国际环境。这既是对历届工党政府独立外交传统的继承,又是澳大利亚为了在中美大国博弈的夹缝中生存不得已而为之的举措。但建立在澳美同盟基础上的独立外交并不独立,以中国为假想敌的战略均衡政策并不均衡。阿尔巴尼斯政府对外政策的矛盾之处在于:在呼吁主权与战略自主的同时,又在不断强化对美安全依赖;提出要尊重地区中小国家的对外政策选择空间,又极力拉拢地区国家选边站;期待改善对华经贸与外交关系,又在国防方面极力应对中国的“威胁”,一如既往地把澳美同盟视为对冲任何风险与不确定性的保证。因此对工党政府的所谓“独立外交”和“战略均衡”,不宜抱有过高期待。

EO-REEVMD-BILSTM的两阶段超短期风电功率预测

为提升风电功率的预测精度,提出一种基于平衡优化器优化算法的两阶段超短期风电功率预测方法。通过建立一种适用于风电功率预测的回归包络熵适应度目标模型,利用平衡优化器算法寻优VMD分解参数,实现对原始风电功率信号的合理分解,有效减小分解损失。基于BILSTM神经网络模型分别预测分解的模态分量,根据叠加各分量的预测结果获得初步风电预测功率序列,利用误差预测值纠正上一阶段预测结果。以土耳其某地区提供的风电功率数据作为实际算例,通过仿真实验与实测风电功率比较。结果表明:文中所提方法的RMSE与MAE仅为28.3781与17.4297,R^(2)为0.9986,明显低于BILSTM等单一预测模型与其他组合预测方法,验证了文中方法的有效性。

基于代理模式的市场化购电月度平衡机制研究

随着中国电力体制改革的深入,燃煤发电上网电价由市场形成、电网公司组织开展代理购电都标志着市场化改革进入了新的阶段。在未实际运行现货市场的省市地区,由于燃煤机组基数电量的取消,电力市场缺乏处理月度偏差电量的补充机制。在目前代理购电背景下,分析了中长期发电侧和用电侧的电量构成,阐述了中长期月度电量偏差产生的原因,构建了月度市场化购电的模型,提出了3种处理偏差电量的月度平衡机制。通过对华东某省级电网进行算例仿真,分析了不同方法的特点和适应性;最后结合中国电力市场的发展需求,对构建过渡期的市场设计提出了相关建议。

适应多元源荷接入的配电网两阶段灵活性提升优化方法

配电网灵活性提升优化过程中易受不均匀电压、强磁场、电流效应等问题的干扰,灵活性提升效果不明显。为了解决上述问题,提出适应多元源荷接入的配电网两阶段灵活性提升优化方法。该方法首先采用瞬时功率平衡算法保证配电网达到三相平衡状态,其次通过无功出力与有功损耗的输出特点实现配电网的无功规划,有效地提高配电网运行质量,降低网损。最后采用多元源荷接入的两阶段提升优化法提升配电网的灵活性,第一阶段基于灵活性三指标与多源源荷供给特性构建灵活性提升优化模型,第二阶段考虑配电网灵活性指标的概率平衡性,并采用线性转换算法对模型求解,完成配电网灵活性提升优化。试验结果表明,所提方法的网损率小,净负荷波动曲线小,计算时间短,配电网分布式电源接入的灵活适应性强。可见通过灵活性优化调度,可以有效提升含分布式电源配电网的灵活性,提高配电网接纳分布式电源的能力。

利用建筑虚拟储能提升风电消纳能力的电热联合系统优化调度方法

利用建筑虚拟储能能提升电热联合系统的风电消纳能力,但若只考虑建筑结构储能而不考虑室内空气储能会导致虚拟储能利用不足。针对此问题,在奖惩阶梯碳交易背景下提出一种利用建筑虚拟储能提升风电消纳能力的电热联合系统优化调度方法。首先,以室内空气和建筑结构热平衡模型为基础建立精细化建筑虚拟储能模型;其次,在系统中引入奖惩阶梯碳交易机制及需求响应机制;再次,考虑电、热功率平衡以及室内温度等约束,以电热联合系统总成本最低为目标函数,并提出改进型平衡器优化算法对目标函数进行优化求解;最后,对不同场景下电热联合系统对风电的消纳、CO_(2)排放及经济性进行分析,结果表明:所提方法不仅提高了电热联合系统的风电消纳率,降低了CO_(2)的排放量,且提升了经济性。

电力-交通融合系统均衡状态分析与实验仿真平台设计

随着电动汽车的日益普及,电力网和交通网呈融合发展态势。新型电力-交通融合系统耦合机理复杂,传统实验教学方法逐渐难以适用。为适应未来交叉学科实验教学的要求,构建电力-交通融合系统仿真实验平台,提供对融合系统均衡状态分析的可视化工具。通过选取不同的电动汽车渗透率实例进行仿真分析,表明仿真平台内嵌模型和算法的有效性,探讨了该平台的教学和科研用途。该实验仿真平台,不仅为电力-交通融合方向的实验教学提供实践性平台,还可推动电力-交通交叉学科的发展和教学改革。

基于考虑通信延迟改进分布一致性算法的多储能电站快速低寿命损耗功率均衡分配策略

针对多电池储能电站(BESS)跟踪快速波动的电网功率指令时存在功率分配速度慢、BESS寿命损耗高、荷电状态(SOC)均衡能力弱的问题,提出了基于考虑通信延迟改进分布一致性算法(IDCA)的多BESS快速低寿命损耗功率均衡分配策略。为了加快功率分配速度,将功率分配加权矩阵引入分布一致性算法(DCA),基于事件驱动的思想改进拉普拉斯矩阵,同时将状态反馈矩阵引入DCA以提升鲁棒性,并基于单值预测控制求取该矩阵以降低占用内存,形成IDCA;设计考虑寿命损耗与SOC均衡的BESS虚拟损耗函数,并基于该虚拟损耗函数计算功率分配加权矩阵;采用IDCA为各BESS分配功率指令,BESS响应各自指令以完成响应。选取广东电网的典型自动发电控制(AGC)指令进行仿真,结果表明:IDCA能保证功率指令快速分配,同时具有较高的鲁棒性和较低的内存占用量;所提功率分配策略有效降低了各BESS寿命损耗,促进了SOC均衡,最终实现了多BESS对AGC指令的快速准确跟踪。