There is uncertain result with regard to the use of inhalation or instillation steroids to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. This meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ...There is uncertain result with regard to the use of inhalation or instillation steroids to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. This meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of early airway administration (within 2 days after birth) of corticosteroids and pulmonary surfactant (PS) for preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). The related studies were retrieved in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Clinical Trial, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP Database from inception to August 2018. Two reviewers independently screened the studies to ensure that all patients with diagnosis of NRDS were enrolled to studies within 1 day after birth, assessed the quality of included studies by GRADEpro system and extracted the data for review. The meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.2 software. A subgroup analysis about inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) delivery method was made between ICS inhalation subgroup [inhalation of ICS by nebulizer or metered dose inhaler (MDI)] and ICS intratracheal instillation subgroup (PS used as a vehicle). Eight randomized controlled trials were enrolled in the meta-analysis, 5 trials of which stated the randomized method, grouping and blinded method, and the follow-up procedures were reported. GRADEpro system showed high quality of 4 trials (5 articles), and the rest 4 trials had moderate quality. Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of BPD was decreased in ICS group, the relative risk (RR) was 0.56 (95% CI: 0.42-0.76), and similar trends were found in ICS inhalation subgroup and ICS intratracheal instillation subgroup, with the corresponding RR being 0.58 (95% CI: 0.41-0.82) and 0.47 (95% CI: 0.24-0.95) respectively. ICS could also significantly reduce the mortality risk as compared with placebo control group (RR: 0.67;95% CI: 0.45-0.99), with RR of ICS inhalation subgroup and ICS intratracheal instillation subgroup being 0.81 (95% CI: 0.34-1.94) and 0.64 (95% CI: 0.41-0.99) respectively. Moreover, the percentage of infants using PS more than one time was lower in ICS group than in the placebo control group, with the RR and 95% CI being 0.55 (95% CI: 0.45-0.67), and that in ICS intratracheal instillation subgroup lower than in ICS inhalation subgroup (RR: 0.56;95% CI: 0.45-0.69, and RR: 0.35;95% CI:0.08-1.52 respectively). There was no significant difference in the incidence of infection or retinopathy of prematurity and neuro-motor system impairment between ICS group and placebo control group, with the corresponding RR being 0.95 (95% CI:0.59-1.52), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.62-1.38) and 1.13 (95% CI: 0.92-1.39), respectively. It was concluded that early administration of ICS and PS is an effective and safe option for preterm infants with NRDS in preventing BPD and reducing mortality, decreasing the additional PS usage, especially for the ICS intratracheal instillation subgroup. Furthermore, the appropriate dose and duration of ICS, combined use of inhalation or instillation of ICS with PS and the long-term safety of airway administration of corticosteroids need to be assessed in large trials.展开更多
To treat respiratory distress syndrome,surfactant is currently delivered via less invasive surfactant administration（LISA） or INtubation SURfactant Extubation（INSURE）.The aim of this study was to compare the effec...To treat respiratory distress syndrome,surfactant is currently delivered via less invasive surfactant administration（LISA） or INtubation SURfactant Extubation（INSURE）.The aim of this study was to compare the effect of the two delivery methods of surfactant on cerebral autoregulation.Near infrared spectroscopy monitoring was carried out to detect cerebral oxygen saturation（Sc O2）,and the mean arterial blood pressure（MABP） was simultaneously recorded.Of 44 preterm infants included,the surfactant was administrated to 22 via LISA and 22 via INSURE.The clinical characteristics,treatments and outcomes of the infants showed no significant differences between the two groups.The correlation coefficient of Sc O2 and MABP（rSc O2-MABP） 5 min before administration was similar in the two groups.During surfactant administration,rSc O2-MABP increased in both groups（0.44±0.10 to 0.54±0.12 in LISA,0.45±0.11 to 0.69±0.09 in INSURE）.In the first and second 5 min after instillation,rSc O2-MABP was not significantly different from baseline in the LISA group,but increased in the first 5 min after instillation（0.59±0.13,P=0.000 compared with the baseline in the same group） and recovered in the second 5 min after instillation（0.48±0.10,P=0.321） in the INSURE group.There were significant differences in the change rates of rSc O2-MABP between the two groups during and after surfactant administration.Our results suggest that cerebral autoregulation may be affected transiently by surfactant administration.The effect duration of LISA is shorter than that of INSURE（〈5 min in LISA vs.5–10 min in INSURE）.展开更多
Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) or hyaline membrane disease (HMD) is the most common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. We aimed to determine the frequency of RDS among 3 gro...Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) or hyaline membrane disease (HMD) is the most common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. We aimed to determine the frequency of RDS among 3 groups of preterm infants and the value of some related factors. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive analytical investigation was carried out in the NICU ward of Akbarabadi Hospital (Tehran-Iran) during spring 2011. Newborns’ data were collected and assessed by using their hospital medical records. Seventy-three preterm infants with gestational age < 34 weeks were hospitalized in the NICU. All participants were divided into 3 groups: extremely preterm (<28 weeks), very preterm (28 to <32 weeks) and moderate preterm (32 to 34 weeks). Frequency of RDS and some related factors were compared among 3 groups. Results: RDS was observed in 65.6% of all participants;however frequency of RDS was not different between three groups. An inversely correlation was found between gestational age and mortality rate (p = 0.05). In regard to Betamethasone administration prior to birth, this interval was significantly longer in alive neonates in comparison to infants who died (p < 0.05). Conclusion: RDS was frequent in preterm neonates with gestational age < 32 weeks. Time of Betamethasone administration prior to birth can significantly influence on neonatal mortality rate.展开更多
Pediatric respiratory syncytial viral infection (RS) usually shows </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">relatively</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> good </s...Pediatric respiratory syncytial viral infection (RS) usually shows </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">relatively</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> good </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">outcome</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;however, when it accompanies acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), this becomes fatal. We experienced three pediatric patients with RS + ARDS, with all showing good </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">outcome</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> with steroid pulse therapy. We wish to emphasize;1) steroid pulse therapy may become an option for this condition, and 2) plasma KL-6 and surfactant protein D levels may become a biomarker reflecting the disease progression/condition. Patients were, aged 1 month, 1 year 5 months, and 1 year 11 months. In all three, the respiratory condition deteriorated rapidly, requiring invasive ventilator management. Although the effectiveness of steroid treatment for ARDS is controversial, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">very</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> severe condition prompted us to employ steroid pulse therapy, after which, oxygenation rapidly improved without adverse events. Plasma KL-6 and surfactant protein D levels were measured during exacerbations of ARDS, steroid pulse therapy, and recovery. Surfactant protein D levels were closely associated with oxygenation, suggesting this substance level might be a biomarker of ARDS caused by the disruption of the alveolar epithelial lining and to understand oxygenation without time lag.展开更多
目的探讨血乳酸水平对新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)并发支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的影响及预测价值。方法选择2019年1月至2022年12月平顶山市第一人民医院收治的78例NRDS患儿为研究对象,依据是否并发BPD将患儿分为BPD组和非BPD组。采集患儿...目的探讨血乳酸水平对新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)并发支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的影响及预测价值。方法选择2019年1月至2022年12月平顶山市第一人民医院收治的78例NRDS患儿为研究对象,依据是否并发BPD将患儿分为BPD组和非BPD组。采集患儿的一般临床资料,包括:胎龄、性别、出生体质量、1 min Apgar评分、5 min Apgar评分、胎膜早破情况。入院时,抽取患儿动脉血1 mL,使用JM1113-739853型血气分析仪检测血乳酸水平、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、pH值及氧合指数(OI);抽取患儿外周静脉血3 mL,应用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平,双抗体夹心法检测血浆中C-反应蛋白(CRP)和降钙素原(PCT)水平。比较2组患儿的一般资料和血乳酸水平、PaO_(2)、PaCO_(2)、pH值、OI及血清IL-6水平、血浆CRP、PCT水平,采用点二列相关性分析血乳酸水平与NRDS并发BPD的相关性,使用logistic回归分析NRDS并发BPD的影响因素,受试者操作特征曲线分析血乳酸水平对NRDS并发BPD的预测价值。结果78例RDS患儿血乳酸水平为3.35~6.64(5.04±0.72)mmol·L^(-1);发生BPD的患儿16例,BPD发生率为20.51%(16/78)。BPD组患儿出生体质量、OI显著低于非BPD组,血清IL-6、血浆CRP、血乳酸水平显著高于非BPD组(P<0.05)。2组患儿的胎龄、性别、1 min Apgar评分、5 min Apgar评分、胎膜早破、PaO_(2)、PaCO_(2)、pH值、PCT比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。点二列相关性分析结果显示,血乳酸、血清IL-6、血浆CRP水平与NRDS发生BPD的风险呈正相关(r=0.502、0.475、0.507,P<0.05),出生体质量、OI与NRDS发生BPD的风险呈负相关(r=-0.242、-0.403,P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,血乳酸堆积、血清IL-6高表达、血浆CRP高表达、OI值降低是导致NRDS发生BPD风险增加的危险因素(P<0.05)。血乳酸预测NRDS患儿并发BPD的曲线下面积为0.865,95%置信区间为0.776~0.955;当血乳酸截断值为5.065 mmol·L^(-1)时,预测NRDS患儿并发BPD的敏感度为0.938,特异度为0.501。结论NRDS患儿血乳酸水平与BPD发生风险呈正相关,血乳酸堆积是NRDS并发BPD的危险因素,血乳酸水平对NRDS并发BPD有一定预测价值。展开更多
文摘There is uncertain result with regard to the use of inhalation or instillation steroids to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. This meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of early airway administration (within 2 days after birth) of corticosteroids and pulmonary surfactant (PS) for preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). The related studies were retrieved in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Clinical Trial, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP Database from inception to August 2018. Two reviewers independently screened the studies to ensure that all patients with diagnosis of NRDS were enrolled to studies within 1 day after birth, assessed the quality of included studies by GRADEpro system and extracted the data for review. The meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.2 software. A subgroup analysis about inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) delivery method was made between ICS inhalation subgroup [inhalation of ICS by nebulizer or metered dose inhaler (MDI)] and ICS intratracheal instillation subgroup (PS used as a vehicle). Eight randomized controlled trials were enrolled in the meta-analysis, 5 trials of which stated the randomized method, grouping and blinded method, and the follow-up procedures were reported. GRADEpro system showed high quality of 4 trials (5 articles), and the rest 4 trials had moderate quality. Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of BPD was decreased in ICS group, the relative risk (RR) was 0.56 (95% CI: 0.42-0.76), and similar trends were found in ICS inhalation subgroup and ICS intratracheal instillation subgroup, with the corresponding RR being 0.58 (95% CI: 0.41-0.82) and 0.47 (95% CI: 0.24-0.95) respectively. ICS could also significantly reduce the mortality risk as compared with placebo control group (RR: 0.67;95% CI: 0.45-0.99), with RR of ICS inhalation subgroup and ICS intratracheal instillation subgroup being 0.81 (95% CI: 0.34-1.94) and 0.64 (95% CI: 0.41-0.99) respectively. Moreover, the percentage of infants using PS more than one time was lower in ICS group than in the placebo control group, with the RR and 95% CI being 0.55 (95% CI: 0.45-0.67), and that in ICS intratracheal instillation subgroup lower than in ICS inhalation subgroup (RR: 0.56;95% CI: 0.45-0.69, and RR: 0.35;95% CI:0.08-1.52 respectively). There was no significant difference in the incidence of infection or retinopathy of prematurity and neuro-motor system impairment between ICS group and placebo control group, with the corresponding RR being 0.95 (95% CI:0.59-1.52), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.62-1.38) and 1.13 (95% CI: 0.92-1.39), respectively. It was concluded that early administration of ICS and PS is an effective and safe option for preterm infants with NRDS in preventing BPD and reducing mortality, decreasing the additional PS usage, especially for the ICS intratracheal instillation subgroup. Furthermore, the appropriate dose and duration of ICS, combined use of inhalation or instillation of ICS with PS and the long-term safety of airway administration of corticosteroids need to be assessed in large trials.
基金supported by a grant from the Medical and Health Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou(No.20151A011027)
文摘To treat respiratory distress syndrome,surfactant is currently delivered via less invasive surfactant administration（LISA） or INtubation SURfactant Extubation（INSURE）.The aim of this study was to compare the effect of the two delivery methods of surfactant on cerebral autoregulation.Near infrared spectroscopy monitoring was carried out to detect cerebral oxygen saturation（Sc O2）,and the mean arterial blood pressure（MABP） was simultaneously recorded.Of 44 preterm infants included,the surfactant was administrated to 22 via LISA and 22 via INSURE.The clinical characteristics,treatments and outcomes of the infants showed no significant differences between the two groups.The correlation coefficient of Sc O2 and MABP（rSc O2-MABP） 5 min before administration was similar in the two groups.During surfactant administration,rSc O2-MABP increased in both groups（0.44±0.10 to 0.54±0.12 in LISA,0.45±0.11 to 0.69±0.09 in INSURE）.In the first and second 5 min after instillation,rSc O2-MABP was not significantly different from baseline in the LISA group,but increased in the first 5 min after instillation（0.59±0.13,P=0.000 compared with the baseline in the same group） and recovered in the second 5 min after instillation（0.48±0.10,P=0.321） in the INSURE group.There were significant differences in the change rates of rSc O2-MABP between the two groups during and after surfactant administration.Our results suggest that cerebral autoregulation may be affected transiently by surfactant administration.The effect duration of LISA is shorter than that of INSURE（〈5 min in LISA vs.5–10 min in INSURE）.
文摘Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) or hyaline membrane disease (HMD) is the most common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. We aimed to determine the frequency of RDS among 3 groups of preterm infants and the value of some related factors. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive analytical investigation was carried out in the NICU ward of Akbarabadi Hospital (Tehran-Iran) during spring 2011. Newborns’ data were collected and assessed by using their hospital medical records. Seventy-three preterm infants with gestational age < 34 weeks were hospitalized in the NICU. All participants were divided into 3 groups: extremely preterm (<28 weeks), very preterm (28 to <32 weeks) and moderate preterm (32 to 34 weeks). Frequency of RDS and some related factors were compared among 3 groups. Results: RDS was observed in 65.6% of all participants;however frequency of RDS was not different between three groups. An inversely correlation was found between gestational age and mortality rate (p = 0.05). In regard to Betamethasone administration prior to birth, this interval was significantly longer in alive neonates in comparison to infants who died (p < 0.05). Conclusion: RDS was frequent in preterm neonates with gestational age < 32 weeks. Time of Betamethasone administration prior to birth can significantly influence on neonatal mortality rate.
文摘Pediatric respiratory syncytial viral infection (RS) usually shows </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">relatively</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> good </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">outcome</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;however, when it accompanies acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), this becomes fatal. We experienced three pediatric patients with RS + ARDS, with all showing good </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">outcome</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> with steroid pulse therapy. We wish to emphasize;1) steroid pulse therapy may become an option for this condition, and 2) plasma KL-6 and surfactant protein D levels may become a biomarker reflecting the disease progression/condition. Patients were, aged 1 month, 1 year 5 months, and 1 year 11 months. In all three, the respiratory condition deteriorated rapidly, requiring invasive ventilator management. Although the effectiveness of steroid treatment for ARDS is controversial, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">very</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> severe condition prompted us to employ steroid pulse therapy, after which, oxygenation rapidly improved without adverse events. Plasma KL-6 and surfactant protein D levels were measured during exacerbations of ARDS, steroid pulse therapy, and recovery. Surfactant protein D levels were closely associated with oxygenation, suggesting this substance level might be a biomarker of ARDS caused by the disruption of the alveolar epithelial lining and to understand oxygenation without time lag.
文摘目的探讨血乳酸水平对新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)并发支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的影响及预测价值。方法选择2019年1月至2022年12月平顶山市第一人民医院收治的78例NRDS患儿为研究对象,依据是否并发BPD将患儿分为BPD组和非BPD组。采集患儿的一般临床资料,包括:胎龄、性别、出生体质量、1 min Apgar评分、5 min Apgar评分、胎膜早破情况。入院时,抽取患儿动脉血1 mL,使用JM1113-739853型血气分析仪检测血乳酸水平、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、pH值及氧合指数(OI);抽取患儿外周静脉血3 mL,应用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平,双抗体夹心法检测血浆中C-反应蛋白(CRP)和降钙素原(PCT)水平。比较2组患儿的一般资料和血乳酸水平、PaO_(2)、PaCO_(2)、pH值、OI及血清IL-6水平、血浆CRP、PCT水平,采用点二列相关性分析血乳酸水平与NRDS并发BPD的相关性,使用logistic回归分析NRDS并发BPD的影响因素,受试者操作特征曲线分析血乳酸水平对NRDS并发BPD的预测价值。结果78例RDS患儿血乳酸水平为3.35~6.64(5.04±0.72)mmol·L^(-1);发生BPD的患儿16例,BPD发生率为20.51%(16/78)。BPD组患儿出生体质量、OI显著低于非BPD组,血清IL-6、血浆CRP、血乳酸水平显著高于非BPD组(P<0.05)。2组患儿的胎龄、性别、1 min Apgar评分、5 min Apgar评分、胎膜早破、PaO_(2)、PaCO_(2)、pH值、PCT比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。点二列相关性分析结果显示,血乳酸、血清IL-6、血浆CRP水平与NRDS发生BPD的风险呈正相关(r=0.502、0.475、0.507,P<0.05),出生体质量、OI与NRDS发生BPD的风险呈负相关(r=-0.242、-0.403,P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,血乳酸堆积、血清IL-6高表达、血浆CRP高表达、OI值降低是导致NRDS发生BPD风险增加的危险因素(P<0.05)。血乳酸预测NRDS患儿并发BPD的曲线下面积为0.865,95%置信区间为0.776~0.955;当血乳酸截断值为5.065 mmol·L^(-1)时,预测NRDS患儿并发BPD的敏感度为0.938,特异度为0.501。结论NRDS患儿血乳酸水平与BPD发生风险呈正相关,血乳酸堆积是NRDS并发BPD的危险因素,血乳酸水平对NRDS并发BPD有一定预测价值。
