The present situation of welding machinery industry in China is presented in detail.On the basis of the analysis, the future development and practicable way are proposed.
1.IntroductionHigh-purity elements are the basic materials in electronics,communication,aerospace,atomicenergy and semiconductor material industries.Its development is a decisive factor for high-tech in-dustries.The h...1.IntroductionHigh-purity elements are the basic materials in electronics,communication,aerospace,atomicenergy and semiconductor material industries.Its development is a decisive factor for high-tech in-dustries.The high-purification of non-ferrous metals is of great significance.It conduces to determining展开更多
An overview of carbon emissions tradingin China and in the world ●With fast development of CDM, the global carbon mar-ket was doubled in 2007 compared with that in 2006.●China’s volume of certified emission reducti...An overview of carbon emissions tradingin China and in the world ●With fast development of CDM, the global carbon mar-ket was doubled in 2007 compared with that in 2006.●China’s volume of certified emission reductions (CERs)trading and expected annual emission reductions top the world.Xie Fei:Climate change and energy supply has become one of展开更多
Language learning must be conducted on the basis of acquisition, and the acquisition needs a certain environment as the material guarantee for the implementation of the learning activities. In China, English teaching ...Language learning must be conducted on the basis of acquisition, and the acquisition needs a certain environment as the material guarantee for the implementation of the learning activities. In China, English teaching lacks an advantageous learning environment as a Foreign Language (EFL) Teaching, which is one of main factors that more time is spent on the teaching but efficiency is not improved correspondingly. Therefore, we should attach more importance to the present situation and its causes. In this essay, present Situation is analyzed through the practical research, and the causes are explored to help to improve the efficiency of foreign language learning.展开更多
Hydropower resources in river basins are typically developed in a cascade manner. The cascade hydropower stations use water from the same river; in a sense, they form a cluster of hydropower stations which are linked ...Hydropower resources in river basins are typically developed in a cascade manner. The cascade hydropower stations use water from the same river; in a sense, they form a cluster of hydropower stations which are linked together by the river stream. The dispatch and management of the cascade hydropower stations in a river basin differ from those of an ordinary single hydropower station. Without doubt, unified dispatch can facilitate the full harnessing of hydraulic resources and is in a better position to fulfill the objectives in the development of river basin. As a result, more and more river-basin cascade power stations around the world implement unif ied dispatching.展开更多
Ⅰ. Shipping After entering into the 1990’s, the ship-building industry, badly affected by the long recession of the world shipping market, has been growing very slowly, while the competition has been a fierce one. F...Ⅰ. Shipping After entering into the 1990’s, the ship-building industry, badly affected by the long recession of the world shipping market, has been growing very slowly, while the competition has been a fierce one. From the shares enjoyed by the major shipping countries in the world, we can see that the first one is Japan which occupied 38%; South Korea came to the second,obtaining 15%; the third is Germany, being 8%. The shipbuilding industry in America is shrinking, owing to the high cost of production. Up to 1993,Japanese ship yards had still been in difficult situation, and many Japanese ship owners would rather order new ships from South Korea because the rising value of Japanese yen made it expensive to build in domestic yards. Nowadays, Japanese shipbuilding industry is exposed to the problem of scarce of labour force. The Korean shipbuilding industry,展开更多
This paper introduces the development and present situation of meat industry in Henan Province so as to get comprehensive understanding of this industry,including the advantages and insufficiencies of this industry,an...This paper introduces the development and present situation of meat industry in Henan Province so as to get comprehensive understanding of this industry,including the advantages and insufficiencies of this industry,and then puts forward some countermeasures for the future development of the meat products of Henan Province,to realize the rapid,healthy and sustainable development of meat industry in Henan and create huge economic and social benefits in Henan.展开更多
The Improvement of Port Management Stimulated by the Development of Container Traffic Container transport started to flourish in the 70s and grew rapidly. Comparing the traffic volume of 1990 with that of 1975, the Ja...The Improvement of Port Management Stimulated by the Development of Container Traffic Container transport started to flourish in the 70s and grew rapidly. Comparing the traffic volume of 1990 with that of 1975, the Japanese ports handled 7. 82 million TEUs in 1990 and 1.87 million TEUs in 1975 while the "Four Small Dragonsnhandied 18. 10 million TEUs in 1990 and 1.68 million TEUs in 1975,4.2 times and 10.75 times increase respectively.展开更多
Currently,sustainable agricultural development in China is facing some big challenges of how to promote the present developing pattern,to lengthen material transformation chain,to increase the utilization rate of mate...Currently,sustainable agricultural development in China is facing some big challenges of how to promote the present developing pattern,to lengthen material transformation chain,to increase the utilization rate of material and energy in agricultural system and to form a healthy agricultural ecological circulation system.China is a major country producing crops and straws.Both high-efficient utilizing pattern of straw and technological system are needed urgently.According to the field survey,we point out the status of straw utilization and the main recycling pattern in typical farming areas in Sichuan,China through the literature review and data collection.Based on the statistical analysis,the economic,environmental and social benefits of each utilization way are analyzed,and the methods and measures are proposed in order to promote recycling utilization of the straw in Sichuan farming area,and to offer theoretical guidance for energy saving,food safety,and pollution control.展开更多
Analyzed of the present situation of Chinese coal mines safety in production and the reasons for coal mining accident,and realized the coal mines safety in production, which should increase the legal safeguards of coa...Analyzed of the present situation of Chinese coal mines safety in production and the reasons for coal mining accident,and realized the coal mines safety in production, which should increase the legal safeguards of coal mine safety in production,and safety input,established the comprehensive coal mine safety evaluation system,comprehen- sively enhance quality of coal mine workers,established and improved early warning me- chanism of safety production of coal mine.展开更多
Grub is one of the major pests affecting yield and quality of sweet potato. Although traditional chemical pesticides have quick effect, the disadvantages of high toxicity, strong pest resistance, and heavy pollution h...Grub is one of the major pests affecting yield and quality of sweet potato. Although traditional chemical pesticides have quick effect, the disadvantages of high toxicity, strong pest resistance, and heavy pollution hinder the development of modern ecological agriculture, while physical means such as light trapping, sex pheromone method and biological control methods are more safe and lasting compared with chemical means. To provide reference and guidance for grub control and sweet potato production, the control methods against sweet potato grubs are comprehensively explored, and strategy and prospects of using biological technology to control pests are analyzed.展开更多
Rock drillability reflects the drill bit fragments rock hardly or easily. At present, rock drillability classification indexes have rock single axle compressive strength, point load intensity, fracture stress during c...Rock drillability reflects the drill bit fragments rock hardly or easily. At present, rock drillability classification indexes have rock single axle compressive strength, point load intensity, fracture stress during chiseling, drill speed, chiseling specific work, acoustic parameter, cutting magnitude and so on. Every index reflects rock drillability but isnt overall. It is feasible that using many indexes of fuzzy mathematics method etc. to evaluate rock drillability.展开更多
The variety,inner quality and surface quality of low-alloy spring steel wire rod for domestic automobile is summarized in detail.And according to commercial low-alloy spring steel wire rod variety, product quality lev...The variety,inner quality and surface quality of low-alloy spring steel wire rod for domestic automobile is summarized in detail.And according to commercial low-alloy spring steel wire rod variety, product quality level and its actual application situation on automobile supplied by present industrially developed country metallurgy enterprises,it is pointed that the variety of low-alloy spring steel wire rod for domestic automobile can't satisfy the requirements of automobile industry development,compare with overseas advanced technology,product quality has the following gaps:the first is that steel purity is low,the control level of non-metallic inclusions is not steady,there is often large grain difficult deforming non-deformation inclusions existing,the control level of steel purity has big difference,the level of large steel factory is high,but its steady has a large gap compare with foreign advanced level,not to mention small steel factory which research and development powder is low.The second is surface complete decarburization can' t be avoided completely.The third is that surface defects are more.The fourth is that composition segregation and structure segregation are not steady,steel wire can't be drawn normally when the segregation is serious. In all,the segregation of 55SiCrA is superior to 60Si2MnA obviously.The industrialization of domestic high level low-alloy spring steel wire rod can't seek quick success and instant benefits,independent innovation perseveringly must be adopted,the success may be reached after master core technologies and adopt the science way of step by step.展开更多
In the "Industrial Policy of the Motor Industry" which was published on Feb. 19, 1994, the Chinese Government focuses more attention on the development of auto parts industry aiming to adjust the industrial ...In the "Industrial Policy of the Motor Industry" which was published on Feb. 19, 1994, the Chinese Government focuses more attention on the development of auto parts industry aiming to adjust the industrial set-ups of auto parts industry, and foster and develop a number of backbone enterprises and striving for a greater progress in production scale, product development and production engineering in the end of the 9th Five-Year-Plan.CATARC has been authorized by the MMI to compose the contemplation and framework of the development of some key auto parts for the 9th Five-Year-Plan. The key auto parts are classified into 25 categories which are listed below:EFI system, spark plug, valve, tappet, piston & piston ring, bearing bush, turbo charger, diesel engine high-pressure pump, aluminium radiator, filters, diaphragm spring clutch, constant velocity universal joint, vacuum servo booster & master cylinder, non-asbestos friction materials, brake tube, brake hose, steering gear, steering ball joint, shock展开更多
The purpose of the foreign policy of Mongolia has changed radically in content and direction and is based to further strengthen the national independence and sovereignty by focusing foreign factors for the advancement...The purpose of the foreign policy of Mongolia has changed radically in content and direction and is based to further strengthen the national independence and sovereignty by focusing foreign factors for the advancement of the development of the country, ensuring better life of people and implementing multi-sided policy. Tourism sector in Mongolia has transferred to the new stage of development and its image has been changed and renewed as a result of the changes in the foreign policy. This sector started its activities with just 2 hotel in Ulaanbaatar city and 3 tourist camps in country side, and now there are 87 hotels with capacity to accommodate about 5000 guests and visitors at once and 44 tourist camps with展开更多
The metamorphosed sedimentary type of iron deposits(BIF) is the most important type of iron deposits in the world, and super-large iron ore clusters of this type include the Quadrilatero Ferrifero district and Caraj...The metamorphosed sedimentary type of iron deposits(BIF) is the most important type of iron deposits in the world, and super-large iron ore clusters of this type include the Quadrilatero Ferrifero district and Carajas in Brazil, Hamersley in Australia, Kursk in Russia, Central Province of India and Anshan-Benxi in China. Subordinated types of iron deposits are magmatic, volcanic-hosted and sedimentary ones. This paper briefly introduces the geological characteristics of major super-large iron ore clusters in the world. The proven reserves of iron ores in China are relatively abundant, but they are mainly low-grade ores. Moreover, a considerate part of iron ores are difficult to utilize for their difficult ore dressing, deep burial or other reasons. Iron ore deposits are relatively concentrated in 11 metallogenic provinces(belts), such as the Anshan-Benxi, eastern Hebei, Xichang-Central Yunnan Province and middle-lower reaches of Yangtze River. The main minerogenetic epoches vary widely from the Archean to Quaternary, and are mainly the Late Archean to Middle Proterozoic, Variscan, and Yanshanian periods. The main 7 genetic types of iron deposits in China are metamorphosed sedimentary type(BIF), magmatic type, volcanic-hosted type, skarn type, hydrothermal type, sedimentary type and weathered leaching type. The iron-rich ores occur predominantly in the skarn and marine volcanic-hosted iron deposits, locally in the metamorphosed sedimentary type(BIF) as hydrothermal reformation products. The theory of minerogenetic series of mineral deposits and minerogenic models has applied in investigation and prospecting of iron ore deposits. A combination of deep analyses of aeromagnetic anomalies and geomagnetic anomalies, with gravity anomalies are an effective method to seeking large and deep-buried iron deposits. China has a relatively great oresearching potential of iron ores, especially for metamorphosed sedimentary, skarn, and marine volcanic-hosted iron deposits. For the lower guarantee degree of iron and steel industry, China should give a trading and open the foreign mining markets.展开更多
In this paper,based on the study of Chenopodium quinoa Willd.planting,it is concluded that the current situations of large-scale development of C.quinoa Willd.include the following four aspects:first,the research on C...In this paper,based on the study of Chenopodium quinoa Willd.planting,it is concluded that the current situations of large-scale development of C.quinoa Willd.include the following four aspects:first,the research on C.quinoa Willd.varieties needs to be strengthened;second,it is insufficient to master the training environment and cultivation techniques;third,the large-scale planting of C.quinoa Willd.is not enough;fourth,the degree of mechanization of C.quinoa Willd.planting is not enough.In view of the above situation,this paper puts forward the following effective suggestions to strengthen the large-scale development of C.quinoa Willd.:the first is to increase the investment in C.quinoa Willd.variety research;the second is to strengthen the analysis of introduction and screening of C.quinoa Willd.varieties;the third is to study the best planting environment and cultivation techniques of C.quinoa Willd.;the fourth is to increase the scale of mechanized production of C.quinoa Willd.;the fifth is to increase the research and development of C.quinoa Willd.related products and their deep processing technology.展开更多
文摘The present situation of welding machinery industry in China is presented in detail.On the basis of the analysis, the future development and practicable way are proposed.
文摘1.IntroductionHigh-purity elements are the basic materials in electronics,communication,aerospace,atomicenergy and semiconductor material industries.Its development is a decisive factor for high-tech in-dustries.The high-purification of non-ferrous metals is of great significance.It conduces to determining
文摘An overview of carbon emissions tradingin China and in the world ●With fast development of CDM, the global carbon mar-ket was doubled in 2007 compared with that in 2006.●China’s volume of certified emission reductions (CERs)trading and expected annual emission reductions top the world.Xie Fei:Climate change and energy supply has become one of
文摘Language learning must be conducted on the basis of acquisition, and the acquisition needs a certain environment as the material guarantee for the implementation of the learning activities. In China, English teaching lacks an advantageous learning environment as a Foreign Language (EFL) Teaching, which is one of main factors that more time is spent on the teaching but efficiency is not improved correspondingly. Therefore, we should attach more importance to the present situation and its causes. In this essay, present Situation is analyzed through the practical research, and the causes are explored to help to improve the efficiency of foreign language learning.
文摘Hydropower resources in river basins are typically developed in a cascade manner. The cascade hydropower stations use water from the same river; in a sense, they form a cluster of hydropower stations which are linked together by the river stream. The dispatch and management of the cascade hydropower stations in a river basin differ from those of an ordinary single hydropower station. Without doubt, unified dispatch can facilitate the full harnessing of hydraulic resources and is in a better position to fulfill the objectives in the development of river basin. As a result, more and more river-basin cascade power stations around the world implement unif ied dispatching.
文摘Ⅰ. Shipping After entering into the 1990’s, the ship-building industry, badly affected by the long recession of the world shipping market, has been growing very slowly, while the competition has been a fierce one. From the shares enjoyed by the major shipping countries in the world, we can see that the first one is Japan which occupied 38%; South Korea came to the second,obtaining 15%; the third is Germany, being 8%. The shipbuilding industry in America is shrinking, owing to the high cost of production. Up to 1993,Japanese ship yards had still been in difficult situation, and many Japanese ship owners would rather order new ships from South Korea because the rising value of Japanese yen made it expensive to build in domestic yards. Nowadays, Japanese shipbuilding industry is exposed to the problem of scarce of labour force. The Korean shipbuilding industry,
文摘This paper introduces the development and present situation of meat industry in Henan Province so as to get comprehensive understanding of this industry,including the advantages and insufficiencies of this industry,and then puts forward some countermeasures for the future development of the meat products of Henan Province,to realize the rapid,healthy and sustainable development of meat industry in Henan and create huge economic and social benefits in Henan.
文摘The Improvement of Port Management Stimulated by the Development of Container Traffic Container transport started to flourish in the 70s and grew rapidly. Comparing the traffic volume of 1990 with that of 1975, the Japanese ports handled 7. 82 million TEUs in 1990 and 1.87 million TEUs in 1975 while the "Four Small Dragonsnhandied 18. 10 million TEUs in 1990 and 1.68 million TEUs in 1975,4.2 times and 10.75 times increase respectively.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology R & D Program(2007B-AD89B15)
文摘Currently,sustainable agricultural development in China is facing some big challenges of how to promote the present developing pattern,to lengthen material transformation chain,to increase the utilization rate of material and energy in agricultural system and to form a healthy agricultural ecological circulation system.China is a major country producing crops and straws.Both high-efficient utilizing pattern of straw and technological system are needed urgently.According to the field survey,we point out the status of straw utilization and the main recycling pattern in typical farming areas in Sichuan,China through the literature review and data collection.Based on the statistical analysis,the economic,environmental and social benefits of each utilization way are analyzed,and the methods and measures are proposed in order to promote recycling utilization of the straw in Sichuan farming area,and to offer theoretical guidance for energy saving,food safety,and pollution control.
基金the Educational Department Project of Liaoning Province(No.20060382)
文摘Analyzed of the present situation of Chinese coal mines safety in production and the reasons for coal mining accident,and realized the coal mines safety in production, which should increase the legal safeguards of coal mine safety in production,and safety input,established the comprehensive coal mine safety evaluation system,comprehen- sively enhance quality of coal mine workers,established and improved early warning me- chanism of safety production of coal mine.
基金Supported by National High-tech Research and Development Program(863Project)(2012AA101204)Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2012336)Cooperation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Beijing Daxing District
文摘Grub is one of the major pests affecting yield and quality of sweet potato. Although traditional chemical pesticides have quick effect, the disadvantages of high toxicity, strong pest resistance, and heavy pollution hinder the development of modern ecological agriculture, while physical means such as light trapping, sex pheromone method and biological control methods are more safe and lasting compared with chemical means. To provide reference and guidance for grub control and sweet potato production, the control methods against sweet potato grubs are comprehensively explored, and strategy and prospects of using biological technology to control pests are analyzed.
文摘Rock drillability reflects the drill bit fragments rock hardly or easily. At present, rock drillability classification indexes have rock single axle compressive strength, point load intensity, fracture stress during chiseling, drill speed, chiseling specific work, acoustic parameter, cutting magnitude and so on. Every index reflects rock drillability but isnt overall. It is feasible that using many indexes of fuzzy mathematics method etc. to evaluate rock drillability.
文摘The variety,inner quality and surface quality of low-alloy spring steel wire rod for domestic automobile is summarized in detail.And according to commercial low-alloy spring steel wire rod variety, product quality level and its actual application situation on automobile supplied by present industrially developed country metallurgy enterprises,it is pointed that the variety of low-alloy spring steel wire rod for domestic automobile can't satisfy the requirements of automobile industry development,compare with overseas advanced technology,product quality has the following gaps:the first is that steel purity is low,the control level of non-metallic inclusions is not steady,there is often large grain difficult deforming non-deformation inclusions existing,the control level of steel purity has big difference,the level of large steel factory is high,but its steady has a large gap compare with foreign advanced level,not to mention small steel factory which research and development powder is low.The second is surface complete decarburization can' t be avoided completely.The third is that surface defects are more.The fourth is that composition segregation and structure segregation are not steady,steel wire can't be drawn normally when the segregation is serious. In all,the segregation of 55SiCrA is superior to 60Si2MnA obviously.The industrialization of domestic high level low-alloy spring steel wire rod can't seek quick success and instant benefits,independent innovation perseveringly must be adopted,the success may be reached after master core technologies and adopt the science way of step by step.
文摘In the "Industrial Policy of the Motor Industry" which was published on Feb. 19, 1994, the Chinese Government focuses more attention on the development of auto parts industry aiming to adjust the industrial set-ups of auto parts industry, and foster and develop a number of backbone enterprises and striving for a greater progress in production scale, product development and production engineering in the end of the 9th Five-Year-Plan.CATARC has been authorized by the MMI to compose the contemplation and framework of the development of some key auto parts for the 9th Five-Year-Plan. The key auto parts are classified into 25 categories which are listed below:EFI system, spark plug, valve, tappet, piston & piston ring, bearing bush, turbo charger, diesel engine high-pressure pump, aluminium radiator, filters, diaphragm spring clutch, constant velocity universal joint, vacuum servo booster & master cylinder, non-asbestos friction materials, brake tube, brake hose, steering gear, steering ball joint, shock
文摘The purpose of the foreign policy of Mongolia has changed radically in content and direction and is based to further strengthen the national independence and sovereignty by focusing foreign factors for the advancement of the development of the country, ensuring better life of people and implementing multi-sided policy. Tourism sector in Mongolia has transferred to the new stage of development and its image has been changed and renewed as a result of the changes in the foreign policy. This sector started its activities with just 2 hotel in Ulaanbaatar city and 3 tourist camps in country side, and now there are 87 hotels with capacity to accommodate about 5000 guests and visitors at once and 44 tourist camps with
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 40773038the Program of High-level Geological Talents (201309)Youth Geological Talents (201112) of the China Geological Survey
文摘The metamorphosed sedimentary type of iron deposits(BIF) is the most important type of iron deposits in the world, and super-large iron ore clusters of this type include the Quadrilatero Ferrifero district and Carajas in Brazil, Hamersley in Australia, Kursk in Russia, Central Province of India and Anshan-Benxi in China. Subordinated types of iron deposits are magmatic, volcanic-hosted and sedimentary ones. This paper briefly introduces the geological characteristics of major super-large iron ore clusters in the world. The proven reserves of iron ores in China are relatively abundant, but they are mainly low-grade ores. Moreover, a considerate part of iron ores are difficult to utilize for their difficult ore dressing, deep burial or other reasons. Iron ore deposits are relatively concentrated in 11 metallogenic provinces(belts), such as the Anshan-Benxi, eastern Hebei, Xichang-Central Yunnan Province and middle-lower reaches of Yangtze River. The main minerogenetic epoches vary widely from the Archean to Quaternary, and are mainly the Late Archean to Middle Proterozoic, Variscan, and Yanshanian periods. The main 7 genetic types of iron deposits in China are metamorphosed sedimentary type(BIF), magmatic type, volcanic-hosted type, skarn type, hydrothermal type, sedimentary type and weathered leaching type. The iron-rich ores occur predominantly in the skarn and marine volcanic-hosted iron deposits, locally in the metamorphosed sedimentary type(BIF) as hydrothermal reformation products. The theory of minerogenetic series of mineral deposits and minerogenic models has applied in investigation and prospecting of iron ore deposits. A combination of deep analyses of aeromagnetic anomalies and geomagnetic anomalies, with gravity anomalies are an effective method to seeking large and deep-buried iron deposits. China has a relatively great oresearching potential of iron ores, especially for metamorphosed sedimentary, skarn, and marine volcanic-hosted iron deposits. For the lower guarantee degree of iron and steel industry, China should give a trading and open the foreign mining markets.
文摘In this paper,based on the study of Chenopodium quinoa Willd.planting,it is concluded that the current situations of large-scale development of C.quinoa Willd.include the following four aspects:first,the research on C.quinoa Willd.varieties needs to be strengthened;second,it is insufficient to master the training environment and cultivation techniques;third,the large-scale planting of C.quinoa Willd.is not enough;fourth,the degree of mechanization of C.quinoa Willd.planting is not enough.In view of the above situation,this paper puts forward the following effective suggestions to strengthen the large-scale development of C.quinoa Willd.:the first is to increase the investment in C.quinoa Willd.variety research;the second is to strengthen the analysis of introduction and screening of C.quinoa Willd.varieties;the third is to study the best planting environment and cultivation techniques of C.quinoa Willd.;the fourth is to increase the scale of mechanized production of C.quinoa Willd.;the fifth is to increase the research and development of C.quinoa Willd.related products and their deep processing technology.