Reflections on Human Longevity and Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases

Life Expectancy Study International geriatric life science community, including medical and scientific communities, currently considers human life expectancy to be about 120 years. This is in congruence with recordings from ＂Hong Fan-Book of Documents （Shang Shu Hong Fan）＂, and is also in general agreement with teachings from ＂Longevity-Yellow Emperor＇s Canon of Internal Medicine （Huang Di Nei Jing ~ Tian Nian）＂ where it is said ＇a man is to die at age of a hundred years＇ meaning ＇passing away after living a hundred years＇. Recently there is a report of people dying at the age of 150 years in England, I am afraid this is misinformed.

Application of traditional Chinese herbal medicine in the prevention and treatment of swine viral infectious diseases

This study aims to explore the current application status and development prospects of Chinese herbal medicine in preventing and treating swine viral infectious diseases over the past five years.By adopting the method of literature review,we collect,organize,and analyze relevant research literature,with the goal of summarizing and summarizing the research progress in this field.Through research,we found that swine infectious diseases have caused serious economic losses in the breeding industry and that some diseases cannot be fully protected by using vaccines.Therefore,we need new means to prevent diseases.The use of Chinese herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of related diseases has become a reliable means.This study first briefly introduces the common infectious diseases of pigs and the risks and challenges faced by prevention and treatment,then reads the literature comparing the treatment with Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine,proving the reliability of traditional Chinese medicine treatment and the unique advantages of Chinese herbal medicine.Afterwards,we summarized the literature on the prevention and treatment of related swine diseases with Chinese herbal medicine in the past five years,and finally made a summary and outlook,hoping to provide ideas for relevant researchers and workers.

China's Medium-to-Long Term Plan for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases (2017-2025) under the Healthy China Initiative

A new milestone in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases The General Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China issued the 'Medium-to-Long Term Plan of China for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases (2017-2025)' (here-inafter referred to as'Plan') on January 22, 2017.

Effect of Health Management in Raising Awareness Rate of Disease Prevention and Treatment in Patients with Prehypertension

Objective: To analyze the effect of health management on improving the awareness rate of disease prevention and treatment in patients with prehypertension, so as to provide guidance for clinical management of patients with prehypertension. Methods: 108 patients diagnosed with prehypertension in our hospital were divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group was not given management measures, while the experimental group was given health management. The incidence of hypertension and cognition level of hypertension knowledge were compared between the two groups after management. Results: The incidence of hypertension in the experimental group was 7.41% lower than that in the control group 29.63%. The cognitive level of hypertension in the patients (66.54 ± 1.25) was significantly higher than that in the patients without health management (41.45 ± 2.45), and P < 0.05;Conclusion: For patients with prehypertension, the implementation of health management is helpful to improve their cognition of hypertension, master related prevention knowledge, and reduce the incidence of hypertension.

Effect of Dietary Resistant Starch on Prevention and Treatment of Obesity-related Diseases and Its Possible Mechanisms

Overweight or obesity has become a serious public health problem in the world, scientists are concentrating their efforts on exploring novel ways to treat obesity. Nowadays, the availabilities of bariatric surgery and pharmacotherapy have enhanced obesity treatment, but it should has support from diet, physical exercise and lifestyle modification, especially the functional food. Resistant starch, an indigestible starch, has been studied for years for its beneficial effects on regulating blood glucose level and lipid metabolism. The aim of this review is to summarize the effect of resistant starch on weight loss and the possible mechanisms. According to numerous previous studies it could be concluded that resistant starch can reduce fat accumulation, enhance insulin sensitivity, regulate blood glucose level and lipid metabolism. Recent investigations have focused on the possible associations between resistant starch and incretins as well as gut microbiota. Resistant starch seems to be a promising dietary fiber for the prevention or treatment of obesity and its related diseases.

Gastrointestinal and hepatic side effects of potential treatment for COVID-19 and vaccination in patients with chronic liver diseases

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a global pandemic.Many clinical trials have been performed to investigate potential treatments or vaccines for this disease to reduce the high morbidity and mortality.The drugs of higher interest include umifenovir,bromhexine,remdesivir,lopinavir/ritonavir,steroid,tocilizumab,interferon alpha or beta,ribavirin,fivapiravir,nitazoxanide,ivermectin,molnupiravir,hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine alone or in combination with azithromycin,and baricitinib.Gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms and liver dysfunction are frequently seen in patients with COVID-19,which can make it difficult to differentiate disease manifestations from treatment adverse effects.GI symptoms of COVID-19 include anorexia,dyspepsia,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea and abdominal pain.Liver injury can be a result of systemic inflammation or cytokine storm,or due to the adverse drug effects in patients who have been receiving different treatments.Regular monitoring of liver function should be performed.COVID-19 vaccines have been rapidly developed with different technologies including mRNA,viral vectors,inactivated viruses,recombinant DNA,protein subunits and live attenuated viruses.Patients with chronic liver disease or inflammatory bowel disease and liver transplant recipients are encouraged to receive vaccination as the benefits outweigh the risks.Vaccination against COVID-19 is also recommended to family members and healthcare professionals caring for these patients to reduce exposure to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus.

Polyphenols for the prevention and treatment of dementia diseases

The greatest risk factor for neurodegeneration is aging.However genetics at birth only contributes 20-25%to the determinants of lifespan,so we actually have around 75%control over how well individuals age in body and brain.Health is the real wealth and that everyone can significantly control/achieve sustainable health and quality of life through lifestyle choices needs to be better promoted. Dementia is predominantly a disease of aging with millions of people suffering from dementia and Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） and in recent years little has happened to change and improve the cognitive functions of elderly people （2015 Alzheimer＇s disease facts and figures）. Every 4 seconds there is a new case of dementia in the world and with 7.7 mil- lion cases annually, the estimated global cost of AD and demen- tia disease is $604 billion.

Application of the preventive treatment theory of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of chronic venous insufficiency of lower extremity

Chronic venous insufficiency is characterized by high incidence,difficult treatment and high recurrence rate.Traditional Chinese Medicine Preventive Treatment Theory is one of the important core contents in the theory of TCM.By using the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Preventive Treatment,using the theory of“prevention before illness,prevention the disease continues to change and prevention repeated when the disease has been cured”,can reduce the incidence rate effectively,improve the effect of clinical treatment,it is also to enrich and develop the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Preventive Treatment.

Prevention and Treatment of “Epidemic Toxin, Pathogenic Dampness, and Lung Deficiency” after COVID-19 Recovery Based on the Theory of “Preventive Treatment of Diseases” in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Due to the sequelae and recurrence in patients with COVID-19 after recovery.This article,based on lire theory of“preventive treatment of diseases”in traditional Chinese medicine,winch believes that the three pathogenic factors of epidemic toxin,dampness,and lung deficiency are the fundamental causes of the recurrence of COVID-19.The treatment strategies are to remove pathogenic factors,strengthen qi,nourish yin,clear heat,moisten dryness,and at the same time,reinforce the lung,spleen and kidney,and soothe the liver.Through a variety of treatments such as oral administration,external treatment,and skin absorption,it provides a new idea and method for the management of the recurrence of COVID-19.

Prevention and Treatment of“Epidemic Toxin,Pathogenic Dampness,and Lung Deficiency”after COVID‑19 Recovery Based on the Theory of“Preventive Treatment of Diseases”in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Due to the sequelae and recurrence in patients with COVID-19 after recovery.This article,based on the theory of“preventive treatment of diseases”in traditional Chinese medicine,which believes that the three pathogenic factors of epidemic toxin,dampness,and lung deficiency are the fundamental causes of the recurrence of COVID‑19.The treatment strategies are to remove pathogenic factors,strengthen qi,nourish yin,clear heat,moisten dryness,and at the same time,reinforce the lung,spleen and kidney,and soothe the liver.Through a variety of treatments such as oral administration,external treatment,and skin absorption,it provides a new idea and method for the management of the recurrence of COVID‑19.

Prevention and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Diseases in College Students

Objective:This paper aims to discuss the prevention and treatment strategies of gastrointestinal diseases in college students.Methods:A sample of 60 college students suffering from gastrointestinal diseases,from August 2021 to August 2022,was used to discuss the symptoms,causes,prevention strategies,and treatment strategies of gastrointestinal diseases based on questionnaire survey.Results:The high-incidence types of gastrointestinal diseases in college students mainly included chronic gastritis,acute gastritis,duodenal ulcer,and dyspepsia,which were closely related to mental state,diet,and living habits.Conclusion:There are many causes of gastrointestinal diseases in college students.During the period of active symptomatic treatment,it is necessary to focus on the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in colleges and universities,correct the unhealthy lifestyle of students,and reduce the risk of gastrointestinal diseases.

The Limits of the Intervention of Public Power in Individual Health Choices——From the Perspective of the Realization of the Right to Health in the Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

Noncommunicable chronic diseases have become the most important public health problem in the world today,so the focus of public health services should be shifted from the traditional area of communicable diseases to the prevention and control of chronic diseases.Since bad living habits are the most direct cause of chronic diseases,the most effective measure to prevent and control chronic diseases is to promote healthy lifestyles for the individual citizen.The theories of equal health opportunity,the right to health from the perspective of human rights,and determinants of a healthy society provide justified reasons for the intervention of public power in individual health choices.In the current legal system,the intervention of public power is limited to flexible measures such as health education,which shows respect for individual autonomy.However,it is inconsistent with the needs of current public health practice.We should expand diversified intervention means to encourage individuals to make healthy choices under the guidance of the management model.The“ladder of intervention”outlines a panoramic view of the intervention measures available.However,for the selection of specific measures,it is necessary to consider the public health objectives and the invasion of individual freedom,introduce the“legal reservation principle”and“proportionality principle”as policy analysis tools,and reasonably choose intervention measures at different levels on the ladder to properly handle the tension between public power and private rights.

Acute and chronic excitotoxicity in ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease

Stroke and Alzheimer's disease are common neurological disorders and often occur in the same individuals.The comorbidity of the two neurological disorders represents a grave health threat to older populations.This review presents a brief background of the development of novel concepts and their clinical potentials.The activity of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated Ca^(2+)influx is critical for neuronal function.An ischemic insult induces prompt and excessive glutamate release and drastic increases of intracellular Ca^(2+)mainly via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors,particularly of those at the extrasynaptic site.This Ca^(2+)-evoked neuronal cell death in the ischemic core is dominated by necrosis within a few hours and days known as acute excitotoxicity.Furthermore,mild but sustained Ca^(2+)increases under neurodegenerative conditions such as in the distant penumbra of the ischemic brain and early stages of Alzheimer's disease are not immediately toxic,but gradually set off deteriorating Ca^(2+)-dependent signals and neuronal cell loss mostly because of activation of programmed cell death pathways.Based on the Ca^(2+)hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and recent advances,this Ca^(2+)-activated“silent”degenerative excitotoxicity evolves from years to decades and is recognized as a unique slow and chronic neuropathogenesis.The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit GluN3A,primarily at the extrasynaptic site,serves as a gatekeeper for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity and is neuroprotective against both acute and chronic excitotoxicity.Ischemic stroke and Alzheimer's disease,therefore,share an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-and Ca^(2+)-mediated mechanism,although with much different time courses.It is thus proposed that early interventions to control Ca^(2+)homeostasis at the preclinical stage are pivotal for individuals who are susceptible to sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related dementia.This early treatment simultaneously serves as a preconditioning therapy against ischemic stroke that often attacks the same individuals during abnormal aging.

Depression and anxiety disorders in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients:Prevalence,disease impact,treatment

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a common respiratory disorder that often co-occurs with depression and anxiety,worsening disease progression and reducing quality of life.A thorough review of the existing literature was conducted,including searches in PubMed,Embase,PsycINFO,and Cochrane Library databases up to 2024.This review encompasses a critical analysis of studies reporting on the prevalence,impact,and management of depression and anxiety in COPD patients.We found a high prevalence of psychological comorbidities in COPD patients,which were associated with worse disease outcomes,including increased exacerbations,hospitalizations,and reduced health-related quality of life.Diagnosing and managing these conditions is complex due to overlapping symptoms,necessitating a comprehensive patient care approach.While there has been progress in understanding COPD comorbidities,there is a need for more personalized and integrated treatments.This review emphasizes the need for increased awareness,tailored treatment plans,and further research for effective interventions.

Analysis of knowledge graph of Chinese medical treatment based on VOSviewer and CiteSpace

Objective: To analyze the development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) over the past 10 years, focus on the key points of research,and predict the diseases that can be treated and prevented through TCM in the future.Methods: A systematic computer-based search was conducted to gather relevant literature on preventive treatment in traditional Chinese medicine from database including China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), VIP, and WanFang in the past 10 years. Data extraction involved details such as authors, institutions, and keywords. Additionally, searching the Web of Science for literature on preventive treatment in traditional Chinese medicine, which was subsequently downloaded. Data analysis and the creation of knowledge graph were performed using VOSviewer and CiteSpace, respectively.Results: Through the relevant analysis of the literature in the field of preventive treatment of disease, the research hotspots and research status of preventive treatment of disease in recent years are shown, which provides certain reference information for future scientific research in our country.Conclusions: The research conducted provides valuable insights and guidance for future studies in the prevention and treatment of diseases using traditional Chinese medicine methods.

Effect of applying selenium fertilizer to improve soil and increase selenium level in food for prevention and treatment of Kaschin-Beck disease

For prevention and treatment of Kaschin-Beck disease by applying Se fertilizer to soil to increase Se up to normal level for the wheat grains is introduced in this paper. After use this measure the intake of Se by the residents in the exemplary area increased from 10.4μg to 33.6 μg per day in average. After supplementing Se to human body one year, there is no new patient found among 300 healthy children in the exemplary area but 4 patients found among 264 healthy children in the control area. It is shown that by applying Se fertilizer to KBD area is a effective way for preventing and cure this disease.

Diagnosis and treatment of an elderly patient with 2019-nCoV pneumonia and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Gansu Province:A case report

BACKGROUND In December 2019,the first patient with 2019-novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)was reported in Wuhan,China,and the disease spread rapidly across the country and surrounding countries within 2 mo.As of February 29,2020,a total of 91 confirmed cases had been reported in Gansu Province.This case report of the diagnosis and treatment of an elderly patient with 2019-nCoV pneumonia complicated by acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Gansu Province aims to provide a better reference for the treatment of patients in the future.CASE SUMMARY The patient,a 94-year-old female,lived in Maiji District of Tianshui,Gansu Province,China.On January 30,2020,she was admitted to the Fourth People’s Hospital of Tianshui after 9 d of close contact with a patient with 2019-nCoV pneumonia.She was subsequently admitted to Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine for isolation and transferred to Tianshui Gansu Provincial Hospital of Infectious Diseases on February 3,2020 for treatment.Upon initial examination,her body temperature was 36.7°C,pulse was 80,breathing was 20,and blood pressure was 130/80 mmHg.She was conscious with normal development and normal nutrition.The pharynx was not red,and bilateral tonsils were not red and swollen.The lungs sounded slightly coarse with no dry or wet rales.The first symptoms were cough and fatigue on 2 February.The patient was hospitalized for 12 d.After active treatment,she was discharged on February 14 with a good prognosis.CONCLUSION A history of exposure to the affected area or patient is a major cause of 2019-nCoV infection,and population clustering is a high risk factor for transmission.Patients may not necessarily have respiratory system symptoms as the only clinical manifestation but may also have concomitant or first onset digestive symptoms.Attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.Nucleic acid testing is extremely important and needs to be repeated several times.Laboratory and auxiliary examination indicators during the first week of admission are extremely important.It is feasible to carry out dynamic and continuous index monitoring,which can predict and guide the prevention and treatment of multiple organ dysfunction and the prognosis of the disease.

The status quo and challenges of prevention and control of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China

Introduction Characterized as persistent and progressive pulmonary function declining,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be accompanied by a systemic inflammatory response.A variety of psychiatric and somatic comorbidities can occur to the patients,such as depression,nutritional disorders,cardiovascular disease,and lung cancer.It is imposing great impacts on the quality of patients' life.In 2010 alone,the economic burden of COPD in the world was as high as 2.1 trillion dollars [1].The high prevalence,mortality,and morbidity have made this disease a major public health problem in socio-economic development with a rapidly aging population in China.

Changing Grains for the Prevention and Treatment of Kashin-Beck Disease in Children: a Meta-analysis

To evaluate the efficacy of changing grains on the prevention and treatment of Kashin-Beck Disease （KBD） in children, community-based trials were acquired from seven electronic databases （up to July 2014）. As a result, the methodological quality of the six trials that have been included into our analysis was low. The pooled ORs favoring the prevention and treatment effects of changing grains were 0.15 （95% CI： 0.03-0.70） and 2.13 （95% CI： 1.44-3.16） respectively by meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis demonstrated the pooled OR favoring treatment effect of exchanging grains rather than drying grains both compared with endemic grains. The results showed that changing grains had obvious effects on the prevention and treatment of KBD in children. However, the evidences were limited by the potential biases and confounders. Large and well-designed trials are still needed.

New approaches for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease:a fascinating challenge

The prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases is the new challenge for pharmaceutical industry,but also for public institutions,physicians,patients,and their families.The spread of these pathologies is,in fact,a real social problem,especially in the Western Countries where the population age is increasing and chronic diseases are more and more common.