Mycotoxin’s Infections and Prevention Methods: State of the Art

Fungi that attack field crops and contaminate agricultural commodities produce mycotoxins when conditions are favorable. These are specialized metabolites made of poisonous chemical compounds created by bacteria, fungi, or plants that aren’t involved in the organism’s usual growth, development, or reproduction. They have an adversarial hold on humans, wildlife, and the agricultural sector, resulting in mysterious ailments and economic disruptions. Mycotoxins-tainted food and fodder can be found all over the world, posing a global concern. Consumption of contaminated food and fodder is a typical cause of epidemic outbreaks. Other mycotoxins have been associated with esophageal cancer and neural tube defects (NTDs);the immunotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) causes diarrhea when combined with trichothecenes, and ochratoxin A (OTA) has been linked to kidney failure. The direct market costs associated with missed trade or lower revenues owing to tainted food or feed could be viewed as the economic repercussions of mycotoxins on human society. This review describes frequent groups of mycotoxins in detail, their impact on global health, their impact on the socio-economy;the methods of detection and prevention of these mycotoxins.

Analysis on Lightning Strike Cause of Directly Buried Optical Cable in Wind Farm and Its Prevention Methods

Directly buried metal optical cable is a form of erecting optical fiber ring network communication system in wind farms. Although the directly buried optical cable is much less than the overhead optical cable affected by lightning, sometimes lightning damaging optical cable and flashover discharge accidents of optical cable port occurred. In this paper, the amplitude spectrum of lightning wave, the breakdown depth and breakdown distance of lightning wave to soil, the metal components of optical cable port and the impedance characteristics of grounding wire are systematically analyzed, and the prevention methods of directly buried optical cable in wind farm to avoid lightning damage are proposed.

Research Progress on Prevention and Control Technology of Empoasca vitis Gthe in Tea Garden

The tea green leafhopper Empoasca vitis Gothe, one of major tea insect pests in China's Mainland, grows concealed with small size, rapid reproduction and overlapped generations, which has become the most serious insect pest in tea garden. This paper described the morphological features, damage modes and occur- rence characteristics of E. vitis, and preliminarily summarized the main control methods in recent years. Therefore, from pollution-free and green control perspec- tive, controlling population quantity of E. vitis safely and effectively and reducing the yield loss of tea has become a hot issue in prevention and control of insect pests in tea garden. The paper provided a reference in green comprehensive prevention of insect pests in tea garden.

Study on Detection of Negative Corona Discharge Generated in Rod-Plane Air Gap by Using External Electrode Method

A detective method of a negative corona discharge by means of an external electrode is presented. The relationship between an area of the external electrode and a detected voltage waveform is examined experimentally. This experimental study is carried out with the use of a rod-plane air gap. The results obtained will be applicable to problems associated with silos, ducts, and high-voltage equipment.

A Case of Colon Cancer Surgery Complicated with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Objective:To investigate the treatment and prevention of acute myocardial infarction after colon cancer surgery.Methods:A patient with acute anterior myocardial infarction who underwent stent implantation in the Seventh Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University in 2017 was selected as the subject.The patient was admitted to the emergency department for stent implantation and took antiplatelet and lipid regulating drugs orally on time after the operation.The patient also had a history of colon cancer.The lesion was resected,and the complication after operation was acute myocardial infarction.After active and effective treatment and intervention,the treatment effect of the patient was analyzed.Results:Urgent PTCA was performed,and 0.5 mg Tirofiban was injected into the coronary artery.The results of angiography showed that the blood flow of anterior descending branch recovered to grade 2.Conclusion:The condition of patients with myocardial infarction after colon cancer surgery changes rapidly.Surgery combined with drug treatment can achieve a good prognosis,reduce mortality,and improve patients’cardiac function.

INTRAVESICAL INSTILLATION OF INTERLEUKIN-2 AN EFFECTIVE METHOD FOR PREVENTING THE RECURRENCE OF BLADDER CANCER

The result of intravesical instillation with interleukin-2 (IL-2) for preventing the recurrence of bladder cancer and discussion of its mechanism was reported. 20 patients with histologically confirmed bladder transitional cell carcinoma were investigated. 2 000 u IL 2 was intravesically instillated every day for six days after resection of the neoplasm. The serum level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was significantly increased in 17 patients after IL-2 therapy. Recurrence occurred in 4 patients during the follow-up period of 10-18 months. The basic level of serum TNF was low and was not increased or even decreased after IL-2 in these patients. On the contrary, recurrence did not occur in another 5 patients with low basic level of TNF, but it was significantly increased after treatment of IL-2. TNF played a key role in preventing the recurrence of bladder cancer. The patients who had low basic level of TNF, which did not markedly increase or even decrease after IL-2 therapy were at high risk of recurrenc