Most studies concerning OPEC＇s behavior assumptions about oil market structure are either very were based on traditional market microstructure. However, the rigorous or rather fuzzy. This paper demonstrates the ratio...Most studies concerning OPEC＇s behavior assumptions about oil market structure are either very were based on traditional market microstructure. However, the rigorous or rather fuzzy. This paper demonstrates the rationality and necessity of OPEC＇s price band policy by using the game theory. We conclude that OPEC has the incentive to limit its price within a specific range if the game period is sufficiently long. This incentive comes either from preference for long-term interest or from future expectations. In such a way, OPEC tries its best to maximize its profit with the quota-price dual policy and plays a price stabilizing role in the future world oil market.展开更多
The State Council decided to raise the retail electricity price by 0.25 Yuan/kWh from July, 2008. This will, to some extent, relieve the conflicts between power supply and demand, and decrease the economic losses in
The basic framework of price policies for promoting renewable power de- velopment in China is introduced. The background, concept and implementation of price policies, focused on wind power, biomass power and solar po...The basic framework of price policies for promoting renewable power de- velopment in China is introduced. The background, concept and implementation of price policies, focused on wind power, biomass power and solar power, are summarized in the article. The experiences and lessons of implementation of these price policies are analyzed. It is concluded that reasonable price policy is quite effective for promoting re- newable power development. According to the requirement of China's renewable power development, the suggestions for improving renewable power pricing mechanism and price incentive policies are proposed.展开更多
Although the carbon pricing policy is a critical driving factor that will help China achieve economic growth,energy transition,and dual climate change mitigation goals,the kind of carbon pricing policy that will compl...Although the carbon pricing policy is a critical driving factor that will help China achieve economic growth,energy transition,and dual climate change mitigation goals,the kind of carbon pricing policy that will complement the country's current development situation remains controversial.We apply the World Induced Technical Change Hybrid(WITCH)model to explore the heterogeneity and synergy of different carbon pricing policies,and the results indicate that it will be challenging to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060.The study find that the combined policy-a mix of carbon tax and carbon market policies--has the optimal emission reduction effect but comes with the highest economic cost,proving to be unsuitable in the long run.The carbon tax policy is an important transitional means to assist in emission reduction,which can serve as an important supplement to carbon market policy and be phased out after the market mechanism matures.展开更多
In recent years,two pricing policies are commonly adopted by on-demand delivery service platforms(e.g,Meituan PaoTui and Costco)that provide delivery services to heterogeneous customers via self-scheduling providers.O...In recent years,two pricing policies are commonly adopted by on-demand delivery service platforms(e.g,Meituan PaoTui and Costco)that provide delivery services to heterogeneous customers via self-scheduling providers.One called"transaction-based"pricing policy(TBPP)allows the platforms to determine a per-service wage paid to providers and a price charged to customers for each transaction.The other one called"membership-based"pricing policy(MBPP)also allows the platforms to announce a wage paid to providers but charge customers a membership fee for using an unlimited number of the services in a certain period(e.g.,one month).This paper considers an on-demand delivery service platform with self-scheduling providers and two classes of customers(i.e.,regular and frequent customers).We aim to analyze and compare the platform's profits and welfare performances generated by the two pricing policies.If the number of regular customers and their preference for TBPP equal the number of frequent customers and their preference for MBPP,respectively,we show that compared with the MBPP,employing the TBPP is beneficial for the platform but is detrimental for customers and providers.However,adopting the MBPP(TBPP)can simultaneously benefit the platform,customers and providers if frequent customers'preference for MBPP is higher(lower)than regular customers'preference for TBPP or the number of frequent customers is larger(less)than regular customers.展开更多
文摘Most studies concerning OPEC＇s behavior assumptions about oil market structure are either very were based on traditional market microstructure. However, the rigorous or rather fuzzy. This paper demonstrates the rationality and necessity of OPEC＇s price band policy by using the game theory. We conclude that OPEC has the incentive to limit its price within a specific range if the game period is sufficiently long. This incentive comes either from preference for long-term interest or from future expectations. In such a way, OPEC tries its best to maximize its profit with the quota-price dual policy and plays a price stabilizing role in the future world oil market.
文摘The State Council decided to raise the retail electricity price by 0.25 Yuan/kWh from July, 2008. This will, to some extent, relieve the conflicts between power supply and demand, and decrease the economic losses in
文摘The basic framework of price policies for promoting renewable power de- velopment in China is introduced. The background, concept and implementation of price policies, focused on wind power, biomass power and solar power, are summarized in the article. The experiences and lessons of implementation of these price policies are analyzed. It is concluded that reasonable price policy is quite effective for promoting re- newable power development. According to the requirement of China's renewable power development, the suggestions for improving renewable power pricing mechanism and price incentive policies are proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71874133)the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities,and the Annual Basic Scientific Research Project of Xidian University(2019).
文摘Although the carbon pricing policy is a critical driving factor that will help China achieve economic growth,energy transition,and dual climate change mitigation goals,the kind of carbon pricing policy that will complement the country's current development situation remains controversial.We apply the World Induced Technical Change Hybrid(WITCH)model to explore the heterogeneity and synergy of different carbon pricing policies,and the results indicate that it will be challenging to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060.The study find that the combined policy-a mix of carbon tax and carbon market policies--has the optimal emission reduction effect but comes with the highest economic cost,proving to be unsuitable in the long run.The carbon tax policy is an important transitional means to assist in emission reduction,which can serve as an important supplement to carbon market policy and be phased out after the market mechanism matures.
基金Xiaogang Lin is the corresponding author.We thank the Editor(s)and two anonymous referees for their constructive and insightful comments,which help us significantly improve the quality of our paper.This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.72001048.
文摘In recent years,two pricing policies are commonly adopted by on-demand delivery service platforms(e.g,Meituan PaoTui and Costco)that provide delivery services to heterogeneous customers via self-scheduling providers.One called"transaction-based"pricing policy(TBPP)allows the platforms to determine a per-service wage paid to providers and a price charged to customers for each transaction.The other one called"membership-based"pricing policy(MBPP)also allows the platforms to announce a wage paid to providers but charge customers a membership fee for using an unlimited number of the services in a certain period(e.g.,one month).This paper considers an on-demand delivery service platform with self-scheduling providers and two classes of customers(i.e.,regular and frequent customers).We aim to analyze and compare the platform's profits and welfare performances generated by the two pricing policies.If the number of regular customers and their preference for TBPP equal the number of frequent customers and their preference for MBPP,respectively,we show that compared with the MBPP,employing the TBPP is beneficial for the platform but is detrimental for customers and providers.However,adopting the MBPP(TBPP)can simultaneously benefit the platform,customers and providers if frequent customers'preference for MBPP is higher(lower)than regular customers'preference for TBPP or the number of frequent customers is larger(less)than regular customers.
