Stochastic Model for Multiple Classes and Subclasses Simple Documents Processing

The issue of document management has been raised for a long time, especially with the appearance of office automation in the 1980s, which led to dematerialization and Electronic Document Management (EDM). In the same period, workflow management has experienced significant development, but has become more focused on the industry. However, it seems to us that document workflows have not had the same interest for the scientific community. But nowadays, the emergence and supremacy of the Internet in electronic exchanges are leading to a massive dematerialization of documents;which requires a conceptual reconsideration of the organizational framework for the processing of said documents in both public and private administrations. This problem seems open to us and deserves the interest of the scientific community. Indeed, EDM has mainly focused on the storage (referencing) and circulation of documents (traceability). It paid little attention to the overall behavior of the system in processing documents. The purpose of our researches is to model document processing systems. In the previous works, we proposed a general model and its specialization in the case of small documents (any document processed by a single person at a time during its processing life cycle), which represent 70% of documents processed by administrations, according to our study. In this contribution, we extend the model for processing small documents to the case where they are managed in a system comprising document classes organized in subclasses;which is the case for most administrations. We have thus observed that this model is a Markovian ML×K/ML×K/1 queues network. We have analyzed the constraints of this model and deduced certain characteristics and metrics. In fine, the ultimate objective of our work is to design a document workflow management system, integrating a component of global behavior prediction.

基于项目教学的国际贸易单证课程教学研究与实践

项目教学模式是符合商务英语专业应用型课程教学目标、具备极强可行性和适应性的教学模式,基于项目教学法开展应用型课程国际贸易单证课程的教学研究与实践。项目教学具体实施过程分成内容导入、项目执行和评价反馈三阶段。适合于不同阶段的项目教学方法包括案例教学法、情景教学法、任务驱动教学法和软件仿真教学法及其组合。总结项目教学三方面的相关实施要求,指出后续进一步开展国际贸易单证课程教学研究与实践的努力方向。

基于业务过程模型的刑事案件裁判文书过程信息自动梳理技术

在信息时代,大量过程信息被隐藏在由自然语言写成的文档中,从中自动抽取过程模型并可视化将有助于对过程信息的查看和管理。在中国刑事案件裁判文书中,存在着以下两个挑战:①事件在文本中的描述未严格按照时间顺序;②存在大量噪声信息。尽管该特征广泛存在于不同领域的文本中,相关的研究却很少。为此,提出一种具有可移植性的文本过程挖掘算法,通过结合领域知识和机器学习建立名为“事件框架”的新型数据结构,从而解决上述难点并最终自动构建业务过程模型。通过人工构建的大量过程模型与自动生成的过程模型在结构、文本相似度上的实验对比,证明该算法能有效地解决上述挑战。

软件中代码注释质量问题研究综述

代码注释作为辅助软件开发群体协作的关键机制,被开发者所广泛使用以提升开发效率.然而,由于代码注释并不直接影响软件运行,使其常被开发者忽视,导致出现代码注释质量问题,进而影响开发效率.代码注释中存在的质量问题会影响开发者理解相关代码,甚至可能产生误解从而引入代码缺陷,因此这一问题受到研究者的广泛关注.采用系统文献调研,对近年来国内外学者在代码注释质量问题上的研究工作进行系统的分析.从代码注释质量的评价维度、度量指标以及提升策略这3个方面总结研究现状,并提出当前研究所存在的不足、挑战及建议.

图书馆文献修复中纸张检测技术的应用研究

文献修复工作关系到资料的保护和传承,纸张检测是文献修复的首要工作。随着科学技术手段的不断进步,纸张检测技术不断提升,为文献修复提供了保障。在分析图书馆文献修复与纸张检测技术现状的基础上,多方面、综合性介绍了基于图像识别的纸张检测技术应用要点,并对纸张检测技术的未来研究前景进行了分析,以期提高图书馆文献资料的修复质量。

“党的领导”如何嵌入政府过程?——以党政联合发文为分析框架

“党的领导”既是一种政治原则,也是一整套实现国家治理现代化的体制机制。在国家治理的场景中,文件作为科层内部联系的载体贯穿政府活动的始终,而党政联合发文又是党政治理结构高效运行的重要依托和实现党领导政府的具体机制,兼具党的文件和政府的政策性文件双重属性,使其成为观察“党的领导”嵌入政府过程的直观视角。党政联合发文机制的运行过程涵盖动议、起草、修改、会签和公布五个前后衔接的环节。基于此提炼分析框架,可以将“党的领导”嵌入政府过程的基本逻辑抽象为“议题设定—规则创制—效力生成”,分别代表着任务嵌入、内容嵌入和权威嵌入三重维度。借助对这一机制的阐释,可能有助于从理论层面回应政党是以何种方式与国家政权发生关联进而实现有效治国理政这一问题。可以发现,“党的领导”不仅是一种政治原则,还是一整套相互衔接的体制机制。其中,党政联合发文在贯彻“党的领导”上发挥了重要作用。

Word文档在排版设计及文印打印中的应用技巧探讨

排版设计是文印工作的重中之重,要求既要突出关键内容,又要凸显艺术表现。在印刷业快速发展背景下,Word文档作为排版设计的核心程序,亟需多维“升级”、多元融合。本文针对文印工作中Word文档的应用技巧,在“文档排版”“表格处理”“文档打印”等方面展开探讨,以强化Word排版的设计实践和应用效果,推动图文快印行业高质高效转型升级。

浅谈汽车线束三维设计流程及过程文件管控

汽车线束作为汽车电气系统的重要组成部分,是整车各电器实现功能的神经系统,从概念设计到生产涉及多个环节。在这个过程中,高品质的交付物文件对于确保线束系统的可靠性至关重要。文章首先简要介绍汽车线束三维开发流程,然后着重探讨设计开发过程中各交付物文件的要点,旨在为新能源汽车线束设计的优化和提升提供有益参考和指导。

计算机办公软件Word的具体操作应用探析

在办公软件中,Word作为一种基础软件,主要用于文字编辑、排版等方面,但是其功能多样,如果操作不熟练则会影响到软件功能的正常使用。鉴于此,文章主要围绕计算机办公软件Word的实际操作应用内容展开介绍,以期能够为相关人员的工作开展提供借鉴和参考。

基于图像识别系统的整车单证检测开发及应用

本文基于图像识别技术ORC(即光学字符识别),提出了汽车整车上牌章证信息智能核对系统,将车辆上牌单证与法规单证关键信息进行智能化识别、核对和信息存档,提高单证信息的一致性和准确性,极大提升了整车质量在线检验效率,也为整车产品精确追溯性提供了保证。

A Novel CAPP System Based on SML for Variant Design of Process Planning

The production model of“multi-specification and low-quantity”is becoming the main trend of manufacturing industry.As a key activity in the manufacturing chain,traditional computer aided process planning(CAPP)system fails to adapt to the production model of customization.Therefore,a novel method for variant design of process planning was proposed to develop CAPP system based on Tabular Layouts of Article Characteristics(Sach-Merk Leisten in German and SML for short). With the support of standard database of master process planning documents which are developed by parameterization technique, and instance process planning for special product(instance product)can be generated automatically by the sub-system of variant de- sign of process planning.Finally,a CAPP system was developed for process design of rotor of steam turbine to validate the feasibil- ity and applicability of the method.

图书类文献资产的全流程管理——以国家图书馆为中心的考察

图书类文献作为公共图书馆最重要的资产之一,在管理中存在制度不健全、业务数据与资产数据不对称、清查盘点难以开展、价值核算不准确等问题。文章结合国家图书馆图书类文献资产管理,提出图书类文献资产全流程管理思路和管理模型,为公共图书馆图书类文献资产的安全、完整、准确和可靠提供保障。

Petro-chemical wastewater treatment by biological process

In order to study the feasibility of treating petro chemical wastewater by the combination of anaerobic and aerobic biological process, a research of treating wastewater in UASB reactor and aeration basin has been conducted. The test results shows that under moderate temperature, with 5\^2 kgCOD/(m\+3·d) volumetric load of COD Cr in the UASB reactor and 24h of HRT, 85% removal rate of BOD 5 and 83% of COD \{Cr\} and 1\^34 m\+3/(m\+3·d) volumetric gas production rate can be obtained respectively. The aerobic bio degradability can be increased by 20%—30% after the petro chemical wastewater has been treated by anaerobic process. As Ns=0\^45 kgCOD/(kgMLSS·d), HRT=4h in the aeration tank, 94% removal rate of BOD 5, 93% of COD \{Cr\}, 98\^8% total removal rate of COD \{Cr\} and 99% removal rate of BOD 5 can be reached.

国民政府时期江苏省政府公文处理研究——以江苏省立医政学院筹备为例

本文以民国江苏省立医政学院筹备档案为例,从公文处理机构与人员、公文文种、公文处理流程三个方面分析了国民政府时期江苏省政府公文处理的基本流程,并分析了其公文稿面、盖印与署名、公文缮写、一文一事、处理期限方面的特征。

Measuring Qualities of XML Schema Documents

The Extensible Markup Language (XML) is becoming a de-facto standard for exchanging information among the web applications. Efficient implementation of web application needs to be efficient implementation of XML and XML schema document. The quality of XML document has great impact on the design quality of its schema document. Therefore, the design of XML schema document plays an important role in web engineering process and needs to have many schema qualities: functionality, extensibility, reusability, understandability, maintainability and so on. Three schema metrics: Reusable Quality metric (RQ), Extensible Quality metric (EQ) and Understandable Quality metric (UQ) are proposed to measure the Reusable, Extensible and Understandable of XML schema documents in web engineering process respectively. The base attributes are selected according to XML Quality Assurance Design Guidelines. These metrics are formulated based on Binary Entropy Function and Rank Order Centroid method. To check the validity of the proposed metrics empirically and analytically, the self-organizing feature map (SOM) and Weyuker’s 9 properties are used.

面向编辑过程还原的勒索病毒删除文档重组方法

勒索病毒会加密用户主机内全部办公文档,覆盖删除原始数据,在无解密秘钥情况下,很难还原文档内容.针对上述问题,提出一种基于编辑过程还原的勒索病毒删除文档重组方法,通过扫描磁盘空闲存储空间,根据ZIP标志位和修改时间字段识别全部办公文档编辑过程痕迹分片,再利用目录项特征值匹配方法识别、重组电子文档数据块,对分片边界位置识别错误数据块,利用CRC32校验技术探测正确的块分界位置,进而修正识别错误数据块.实验结果表明,在主机感染勒索病毒情况下,该方法可准确识别、恢复2007以上版本Office电子文档编辑痕迹数据分片,重组原始文档内容.

Research on Explicit and Tacit Knowledge Interaction in Software Process Improvement Project

This research develops a knowledge model for Software Process Improvement (SPI) project based on knowledge creation theory and its twenty-four measurement items, and proposes two hypothesizes about the interaction of explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge in SPI. Eleven factors are extracted through statistical analysis. Three knowledge-creation practices for capturing tacit knowledge contribute greatly to SPI, which are communication among members, crossover collaboration in practical work and pair programming. Two knowledge-creation practices for capturing explicit knowledge have significant positive impact on SPI, which are integrating project document and on-the-job training. Ultimately, suggestions for improvement are put forward, that is, encouraging communication among staff and integrating documents in real time, and future research is also illustrated.

《华氏新义庄事略》所见清代文书制度与政务流程

《华氏新义庄事略》主要围绕无锡华氏新义庄的筹建与申请“颁给印帖立案”,较为完整地保存了清代文书的基本样貌。本文通过对其中装叙结构公文的合理解读,能够大致复原整个公务事件的政务运行轨迹,对研究清代文书的结构、行移关系与义庄类公益事业申请立案的政务流程具有参考意义。

岸田内阁防卫政策调整的决策过程及其特点——以反击能力的推进为例

岸田内阁对防卫三文书的修订是战后日本防卫政策的一次重大调整,而拥有反击能力则是此次调整的核心。由于岸田文雄自身的政治基盘比较脆弱,内阁本身较为弱势,岸田不得不依靠自民党和美国的力量协助决策。在他的推动下,自民党在拥有反击能力的决策过程中发挥了关键作用,岸田内阁防卫政策的决策过程体现了明显的“政高党高”特征。自民党主导了围绕反击能力具体内容的讨论,并和防卫省合作,明确了反击能力所需的装备技术。然而,逐渐掌握话语权的自民党保守势力却在反击能力所需的预算及其财源问题上与岸田发生矛盾冲突,反而威胁到了首相的决策权。另一方面,美国因素同样在本次防卫政策的决策过程中起到了助推和加速作用,未来也可能持续影响日本反击能力的落实进程。