Standardized processes of biomass briquetting densification fuel

Forest biomass resources are available in enormous quantities in China. The development of forest biomass briquetting densification fuel, which has a high calorific value, can ease the energy shortage in China. But the molding technology is still at the primary stage with many questions unresolved, such as unequal distribution of resources, imperfect technology and an inadequate mechanism of market supply and demand. There are no consistent production and quality standards to refer to, which seriously hinder the industrialization of biomass molding technology. Hence, it is imperative to speed up the formulation of production standards of biomass briquetting densification fuel which not only conform to international standards, but are in accordance with national condi- tions in China. Drawing on the standards of biomass briquetting densification fuel in Europe, a standard system should be concerned with raw material collection, transport and storage of the end products, terminology, denomination and classification of molding equipment, as well as with technical conditions, testing methods, safety and environmental protection. The establishment of a stan- dard system is useful for the development of a healthy, orderly and sustainable biomass fuel industry.

The New Standards System for Processing Food to Be Proved

It is reported that the work of re-structuring the frame of China nationalstandards system for processing food has been finished with the print and distribution of 2004-2005Development Plan of National Standards for Food (hereinafter Plan). According to the demand of thePlan, there will be great changes among the current national standards and the professionalstandards for processing food, in which some standards will be integrated with others, somestandards will be cancelled, and some will be brought into the new standards system after the reviewof standards. The standards after being changed and the new national standards and the professionalstandards that need to be developed compose the new standards system for processing food.

Review and Reflection on the Development Process of Soil Environmental Quality Standards in China

In this paper,the development process of the construction of soil environmental quality standards in China is reviewed,and the construction situation of soil environmental quality standards in typical developed countries is introduced.According to characteristics of soil environment and practice of soil environment management in China,the relevant suggestions are discussed,thereby further perfecting construction work of soil environmental quality standards in China.

An Improved PLS (IPLS) Method Utilizing Local Standardization Strategy for Multimode Process Monitoring

Complex industrial process often contains multiple operating modes, and the challenge of multimode process monitoring has recently gained much attention. However, most multivariate statistical process monitoring (MSPM) methods are based on the assumption that the process has only one nominal mode. When the process data contain different distributions, they may not function as well as in single mode processes. To address this issue, an improved partial least squares (IPLS) method was proposed for multimode process monitoring. By utilizing a novel local standardization strategy, the normal data in multiple modes could be centralized after being standardized and the fundamental assumption of partial least squares (PLS) could be valid again in multimode process. In this way, PLS method was extended to be suitable for not only single mode processes but also multimode processes. The efficiency of the proposed method was illustrated by comparing the monitoring results of PLS and IPLS in Tennessee Eastman(TE) process.

Three Dimensional Modeling of Shaft with Process Structures on CATIA

Three dimensional models of shaft were completed on CATIA Part Design module with the Chinese national standard （GB） process structures such as chamfers, threads and tool withdrawal grooves, center holes, flat/woodruff/gib head taper keyseats, grinding undercuts, straight-sidedsplines, circlip slots and collars. The modeling steps are arranged in dialog menu interface by VB 6.0, the shaft creator, that permits users input geometric feature based parameters explicitly, and the standardized processdata are reorganized in Excel files that can be invoked correspondingly in the modeling procedure. It is aimed that this process may supply a simple way for shaft rapid modeling and comprehensive discipline for engineering students in their professional design activities.

On a Standard Parametric Modeling Method of Micro-Structure of Plain Woven Composite

A new standard parametric modeling method of the micro-structure of plain woven composite is proposed. It is based on good analysis of the mechanical property of the yarn, weaving law of plain woven, and other factors. The method implements a woven fabric composite visual engineering modeling process standardization, and it gives five steps to calculate the key micro-structural parameters of the yarn including the cross-section and the trajectory of the central Line. On the basis, the digital model of a plain woven composite has been constructed. The experimental result shows that the forecast for the mechanical property of the model using finite-element simulation analysis is consistent with the actual value. The shape and the structure of the model are also consistent with the solid.

Cancer Pain with Standardized Nursing

Background: The incidence of cancer pain in patients with malignant tumors is relatively high, and pain control is poor, which is closely related to many factors, especially the nursing way. Objective: To explore the effect of standardized nursing model on pain control in patients with malignant tumors. Methods: 50 patients with malignant tumors treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College from January to December in 2021 were randomly divided into 25 cases in the control group and 25 cases in the observation group. The pain control and medication compliance of the two groups were compared. Results: There was no difference in the corresponding score of admission pain between the two groups (P > 0.05), and the pain score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P P Conclusion: Standardized cancer pain nursing can ease the pain of patients, and the medication compliance is better.

伤口门诊慢性伤口护理标准化流程的构建及应用

目的研究伤口门诊当中对存在慢性伤口的患者实施标准化流程的临床效果。方法选择2022年4月至2023年3月在南昌大学第二附属医院伤口门诊接受治疗的110例存在慢性伤口的患者作为研究对象,其中将2022年4月至2022年9月期间接受常规换药流程干预的患者分为对照组(57例),2022年10月至2023年3月期间接受标准化流程干预的患者分为观察组(53例)。比较两组患者护理前后的伤口Bates-Jensen评分、疼痛程度评分、创面愈合时间、不良反应发生率、创面完全愈合率、总满意度。结果护理后,观察组的伤口Bates-Jensen评分、疼痛程度评分低于本组护理前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组的伤口Bates-Jensen评分、疼痛程度评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组创面愈合短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组愈合率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组总满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论伤口门诊对患者实施标准化流程护理,可以对伤口的愈合产生积极促进作用,减轻疼痛,减少不良反应,使伤口完全愈合率及患者满意度得到同步提升。

Research on the Weight of Index for the Assessment Standard for Green Store Building

Assessment standard for green store building of national standard has been compiled. The index has been given by experts' subjective assignment based on experience. Analytic hierarchy process has been used,making questionnaires of experts,using pairwise comparison and calculating the weight of each index. The weight of index in assessment would not only make quantitative evaluation on the whole situation of green store buildings,but also provide the foundation for compilation and revision.

省级中药饮片炮制规范法律属性探析

目的为省级中药饮片炮制规范法律地位的明确以及《药品管理法》中“药品标准”法律表述的立法技术完善提供参考。方法结合我国药品地方标准法律渊源,对中药饮片国家药品标准构成要件以及现行省级中药饮片炮制规范构成进行分析,同时基于法律解释的方法,对《药品管理法》中省级中药饮片炮制规范的法律内涵进行探讨。结果与结论在药品监管实务中,省级中药饮片炮制规范实质为地方药品标准,2019年新修订的《药品管理法》对药品标准进行了专门规定,但对于省级中药饮片炮制规范的药品标准法律属性并未作出规定,存在一定的立法技术瑕疵。建议在《药品管理法》修正时,对省级中药饮片炮制规范的药品标准法律属性予以明确。

尿路造口患者全程规范化精准化管理方案的实施及效果评价

目的:探讨全程规范化精准化管理方案在尿路造口患者管理的实践及效果。方法:采用回顾性研究方法,选择重庆医科大学附属第一医院2022年1月1日至2022年12月31日按常规护理方案行全膀胱切除术+回肠尿流改道术的12例患者作为对照组,将2023年1月1日至2023年12月31日按全程规范化精准化护理方案的13例患者作为观察组,比较2组患者Kris-tensen泌尿造口自护量表(the urostomy education scale,UES)和肠造口接受度问卷(stoma acceptance questionnaire,SAQ)得分。结果:试验组较对照组在尿路造口自我护理能力及尿路造口接受度方面均有统计学差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:全程规范化精准化管理方案有利于尿路造口患者的管理,值得推广运用。

老年患者心电监护拔牙的全流程规范化管理

目的分析全流程规范化管理在口腔外科门诊老年心电监护拔牙管理中的应用效果。方法研究阶段为2023年1月至10月,共纳入研究对象360例,均为口腔外科门诊心电监护拔牙就诊患者,采用随机抽样法进行分组,对照组采用心电监护拔牙管理模式,观察组采取全流程规范化管理模式,比较两组管理效果。结果观察组心率、血压波动、焦虑值均低于对照组,两组比较有显著差异(P<0.05),患者满意率99.7%高于对照组85.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过实施规范化全流程管理,有效优化了老年患者心电监护拔牙的流程,缩短了心电监护拔牙预约时间,进而有助于改善老年患者拔牙预后、提升患者就医体验。

Development and Parallelization of an Improved 2D Moving Window Standard Deviation Python Routine for Image Segmentation Purposes

Two additional features are particularly useful in pixelwise satellite data segmentation using neural networks: one results from local window averaging around each pixel (MWA) and another uses a standard deviation estimator (MWSD) instead of the average. While the former’s complexity has already been solved to a satisfying minimum, the latter did not. This article proposes a new algorithm that can substitute a naive MWSD, by making the complexity of the computational process fall from O(N2n2) to O(N2n), where N is a square input array side, and n is the moving window’s side length. The Numba python compiler was used to make python a competitive high-performance computing language in our optimizations. Our results show efficiency benchmars

全流程健康体检管理系统的设计与应用

目的解决体检管理系统信息孤岛问题,探索标准化、规范化的体检管理系统建设路径。方法健康体检管理系统设计依照体检业务检前、检中与检后流程设计,根据医院信息系统的医嘱字典定义体检检查项目名称与代码,利用主索引技术,通过医院集成平台直接从主数据的生产系统获取数据,实现临床数据与体检数据共享。结果该系统实现了体检者健康体检数据的互联互通及标准化管理,兼具终末管理及过程监督管理的需求。系统的应用有效降低了各体检套餐的开单耗时、缴费耗时与体检环节耗时,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);显著提升了体检医生满意度(P<0.001),符合体检中心人员对系统的期望值。结论该系统的设计与应用改进了现有健康管理服务模式,有利于系统向分院区辐射与推广。

全程标准化护理配合在正颌亚专科手术患者中的效果分析

目的:探讨全程标准化护理配合在正颌亚专科手术患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2022年1月至12月来南京医科大学附属口腔医院行正颌手术治疗的97例患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组48例和观察组49例。对照组采用常规护理配合模式,观察组在此基础上采用全程标准化护理配合,通过成立正颌护理管理小组,对专科小组护士进行专业培训,规范护理人员配合标准,比较两组护理配合效果、术中护理缺陷和术后并发症发生率,患者满意度以及医生对护理配合满意度的差异。结果:观察组患者的护理配合效果、护理缺陷和并发症发生率、患者及医生满意度,均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:通过对行正颌手术治疗的患者全程给予标准化护理配合,在流程上对护理各环节进行质量控制,可以明显降低护理缺陷及并发症发生,缩短手术时长,减少术中出血量,保证护理质量和患者安全,有效提高医生和患者满意度。

BIM应用下知识隐藏对虚拟协作有效性的影响机理——流程双元能力的中介作用

虚拟协作已经成为工程项目团队突破空间限制、进行实时交互的有效途径,因此缓解成员知识隐藏行为对协作过程的负面影响是一个亟需解决的问题。基于社会交换理论和资源基础理论构建综合性概念框架,分析建筑信息模型(BIM)应用下团队成员知识隐藏行为对虚拟协作有效性的影响机制,并探究流程双元能力(流程标准性、流程敏捷性)的中介作用和团队稳定性的调节作用。对325份工程项目团队调研数据的统计分析表明:知识隐藏对虚拟协作有效性存在显著负向影响;流程双元能力在知识隐藏与虚拟协作间发挥部分中介作用;团队稳定性不仅负向调节知识隐藏与流程双元能力关系,而且会削弱流程双元能力的中介作用,存在被调节的中介效应,进一步影响虚拟协作有效性。

小儿健脾丸的制备和临床研究进展

小儿健脾丸临床用于治疗小儿脾胃虚弱引起的消化不良,症见不思饮食、大便溏泄、体弱无力,是著名的传统中药方剂。文章从制剂工艺、质量标准及临床应用等方面,对小儿健脾丸的研究现状作一综述,论述了优化制剂剂型、全面提升产品质量的必要性,并阐述了小儿健脾丸的临床循证应用情况,以及小儿健脾丸临床应用过程中的辨证论治情况,以期为小儿健脾丸的深入研究及临床应用提供参考。

基于国家名中医验方“参术止咳丸”院内制剂的研制

目的优选参术止咳丸的提取工艺及成型工艺,为制剂开发及试生产提供基础研究。方法采用紫外分光光度法建立参术止咳丸制剂质量检测标准。确定参术止咳丸的处方与制备工艺。以重金属、砷盐、性状、水分、重量差异、装量和微生物限量等作为考察指标,对参术止咳丸相关质量进行了检测。结果参术止咳丸在251 nm处有最大吸收峰,在0.0214~0.1824 mg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好。所制备的参术止咳丸重金属、砷盐、性状、水分、重量差异、装量和微生物限量等各项指标均符合要求。结论本研究开发的参术止咳丸制剂优化了提取工艺及成型工艺,为制剂开发及生产提供基础研究。

农村灰水一体化PMBF处理技术研究

针对农村灰水水量大、污染物浓度低、易于处理和资源化利用的特点,结合农村灰水一体化处理技术欠缺及资源化利于水平低的现状,研发了以“强化预处理+多介质渗滤”为主体工艺并优化集成的农村灰水一体化PMBF处理技术。取化粪池上清液调配至目标水质作为中试装置的进水,稳定运行后,主要污染物指标COD、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN、TP去除率分别为76.2%、77.4%、14.8%、11.5%,出水可达到农村生活污水污染物排放要求,消毒后可满足《城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质》(GB/T 18920-2020)中道路清扫、绿化、建筑等用水需求。一体化PMBF工艺占地面积小,运行维护管理简单,经济成本低,设计规模10 m^(3)/d的处理设施,吨水占地约2 m^(2)/m^(3),吨水建设成本约7000元/m^(3),吨水运行成本约0.2元/m^(3)。

Multilevel grey evaluation on the comprehensive contribution of standards to Shanghai automobile industry

Standard has played an important role in modern enterprises and society through the encouragement of technology innovation and distribution. Based on the survey of 30 typical enterprises in the field of automobile in Shanghai, this paper makes quantitative analysis on comprehensive contribution of standard to automobile industry and accomplishes the demonstration of standard comprehensive evaluation index system. The analysis shows that standardization makes obvious contribution to Shanghai automobile industry.